几种常见性传播疾病的研究现状

目前梅毒、淋病、非淋菌性尿道炎、生殖器疱疹、尖锐湿疣是我国常见的几种主要的性传播疾病,现就以上这几种疾病在流行病学、诊断方法、治疗及预防等方面的研究现状及进展进行了介绍。     

白癜风患者的临床调查和生活质量评价

目的:探讨白癜风患者的临床特征,并应用世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中文版和皮肤病生活质量指数粤语版(DLQI-C)两个量表,评价患者的生活质量。方法:以痤疮患者作为对照组,采取调查问卷形式进行,面对面调查已确诊为白癜风和痤疮的两组患者。问卷内容包括人口学资料、疾病临床特征和量表。结果:入组的120例白癜风患者共交回100份有效问卷,其临床分型以局限型和散发型为主,且暴露部位多有白斑。两组患者之间的WHOQOL-BREF得分及其各领域得分的差异均无统计学意义;而白癜风组的DLQI得分高于痤疮组,但差异无统计学意义,对其六个方面的比较发现,仅休闲和工作学习两方面的差异有统计学意义。结论:白癜风的发病年龄多在10-30岁,且好发于暴露部位,严重影响患者的生活质量,WHOQOL-BREF中文版和DLQI粤语版的评价结果提示白癜风患者与痤疮患者的生活质量相当。     

痤疮患者生活质量调查

采用DLQI调查问卷,对112例门诊痤疮患者分别于就诊时和治疗后1个月进行调查,着重研究痤疮患者治疗前、后的生活质量的变化.结果:治疗后随着临床病情的改善,DLQI评分显著下降.DLQI可作为判断痤疮病情及疗效的新指标.     

1例老年患者同时患4种性病

我站于2004年5月在皮肤性病科确诊治疗1例同时患4种性病的老年患者，现报道如下。     

男性非淋菌性尿道炎患者性病病原体的研究

应用培养、多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和抗原检测法对１０４６例非淋菌性尿道炎（ＮＧＵ）患者的前列腺液（ＥＰＳ）进行检测。结果显示：ＣＴ阳性为１２６例（１２．０４％），ＵＵ为１４９例（１２．２４％）、ＣＤ为１１２例（１０．７０％）、ＴＶ为３４例（３．２５％）、ＨＳＶ２为３２例（３．０５％）、ＭＨ为２１例（２．０％）。在１２６例ＣＴ阳性患者，混合感染７８例（５７．１４％），其中ＣＴ＋ＵＵ２８例（２２．２２％）、ＣＴ＋ＵＵ＋ＭＨ４例（３．１７％）、ＣＴ＋ＣＤ＋ＴＶ１２例（９．５２％）。本研究结果可为临床男性ＮＧＵ感染病因学诊断与治疗提供实验室依据。     

皮肤病患者的生活质量测定:一种实用性指导

旨在为那些进行皮肤病生活质量测定的临床医生和研究者提供指导,文中提出某些基本概念、进行生活质量测定的原因、疾病和皮肤科特定性的问卷类型、选择问卷形式的依据等,并列举了两项生活质量测试的初步结果。     

面部痤疮患者两种生活质量量表的考评

目的了解Cardiff痤疮伤残指数(CADI)和面部痤疮特异性生活质量调查问卷(Qol-acne)两种痤疮量表在国内临床的适用性。方法在知情同意的前提下,应用两量表对66例面部痤疮患者进行生存质量的调查,并分析两量表的信度、效度,并对两量表的得分进行相关分析。结果两量表的信度、效度均较好。两量表得分呈负相关(γ=-0.854,P0.001),即CADI得分越高Qol-acne得分越低。结论两量表均具有较好的信度及效度,能作为我国面部痤疮患者生活质量的测评工具。临床医师可以根据实际情况选择合适的量表对面部痤疮患者进行生活质量的评估。     

皮肤病患者的生活质量测定：一种实用性指导

旨在在那些进行皮肤病生活质量测定的临床医生和研究者提供指导，文中提出某些基本概念，进行生活质量测定的原因，疾病和皮肤科特定性的问卷类型，选择问卷形式的依据等，并列举了两项生活质量测试的初步结果。     

慢性皮肤病对患者生活质量的影响

采用简体中文版DLQI量表,对132例慢性荨麻疹、慢性湿疹、浅表真菌感染、白癜风、银屑病、痤疮等慢性皮肤病患者的生活质量进行调查。结果:对患者生活质量的影响从大到小依次为:银屑病、慢性荨麻疹、慢性湿疹、浅表真菌感染、痤疮和白癜风。慢性皮肤病不同程度的影响了患者的生活质量。     

老年皮肤病患者生活质量的调查

目的 研究老年皮肤病对患者生活质量的影响.方法 收集老年皮肤病患者256例为调查组,包括老年瘙痒症、慢性湿疹、慢性荨麻疹、银屑病等9种慢性皮肤病,另设健康对照组50例;采用皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)调查问卷进行评分,并对其统计分析.结果 调查组不同皮肤病DLQI总评分均数均大于健康对照,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中银屑病、老年瘙痒症、慢性荨麻疹、慢性湿疹四种疾病的评分均大于调查组的其他皮肤病,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),此四种疾病之间的评分无显著差异(P>0.05);各种皮肤病对生活质量不同方面的影响不同;调查组不同性别及不同年龄段间比较,无显著差异(P>0.05).结论 老年常见慢性皮肤病不同程度影响患者生活质量;其中银屑病、老年瘙痒症、慢性荨麻疹、慢性湿疹对老年患者生活质量影响较大,四种疾病的影响程度相当.     

451例STD患者的生殖支原体感染

为了解性传播疾病（STD）患者中感染生殖支原体（Mg)的状况及其临床意义，在本所的STD门诊部收集451例患者的尿道（宫颈）分泌物作了Mg检测。标本接种于改良的SP－4培养基作Mg分离培养，并同时用聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行Mg检测，以PCR结果作为最终判断依据。患者中69例非淋病性尿道炎（NGU）病人还作了咽部拭子的Mg检测。结果证明，Mg阳性患者有67例（14．9％），其中NGU 59例（20．6％），其他STD仅8例（4．9％），二者差异有统计学显著性（P＜0．0001），表明Mg感染与NGU发生关系密切。尿道（宫颈）分泌物及咽拭子同时检测Mg的69例NGU病人中，7例在二部位均检出Mg，提示有口淫的可能性。     

Disease-specific quality of life is associated with anxiety and depression in patients with acne

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the relationships between acne severity, anxiety, depression and disease-specific quality of life in patients with acne. METHOD: A total of 61 patients with acne vulgaris and 38 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Acne severity was assessed by the Global Acne Grading System. All patients were asked to complete the Acne Quality of Life Scale (AQOL), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and healthy controls to fill only the HAD. RESULTS: The mean HAD anxiety subscale (HAD-A) and HAD depression subscale (HAD-D) scores of the patients were significantly higher than those of the controls. The rates of subjects at risk for anxiety (26.2%) and for depression (29.5%) were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (0% and 7.9%, respectively). We found no correlations between acne severity and scores of AQOL, DLQI, HAD-A and HAD-D. AQOL and DLQI scores were positively correlated with HAD-A and HAD-D scores in the patient group. The patients at risk for anxiety had significantly higher scores on AQOL and DLQI compared to those who were not at risk. There were no statistically significant differences between the female and male patients with respect to AQOL, DLQI, HAD-A and HAD-D scores. CONCLUSION: (1) Irrespective of the degree of severity, patients with acne are at increased risk for anxiety and depression compared to the normal population. (2) Acne negatively affects quality of life, and the greater the impairment of quality of life due to acne, the greater the level of anxiety and depression. (3) A greater impairment of dermatologic quality of life seems to put the patient at an increased risk for anxiety disorder.     

Effects of skin care and makeup under instructions from dermatologists on the quality of life of female patients with acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris significantly affects patients' quality of life (QOL) and their lives in various ways, including social behavior and body dissatisfaction. This may be heightened by acne's typical involvement of the face. We investigated whether the use of skin care and makeup could influence the QOL of affected patients without deteriorating conventional acne treatments. Fifty female patients with acne were recruited for our study. Twenty-five patients were instructed how to use skin care and cosmetics, while 25 patients received no specific instructions from dermatologists. Both groups received conventional topical and/or oral medication for acne during the study period for 4 weeks. Both groups did not show any significant difference in clinical improvement of acne severity. Two validated QOL questionnaires, World Health Organization (WHO)QOL26 and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were administered to all patients at first visit and 4 weeks later. The mean scores of psychological and overall domains in WHOQOL26 for patients with instructions were improved significantly, while only the overall score was significantly improved for patients without instructions. The total mean scores and all domains except work/school in DLQI for patients with instructions were improved significantly, while the total scores and all domains except discomfort for treatment in DLQI were significantly improved for patients without instructions. Thus, instructions on the use of skin care and cosmetics for female acne patients did not deteriorate acne treatment and influenced patients' QOL effectively. We therefore suggest that instructions for using skin care and cosmetics complement conventional medical treatments for acne.     

Effects of oral antibiotic roxithromycin on quality of life in acne patients

Macrolides are effective for inflammatory acne, but there are not many studies on roxithromycin. In this study, patients with acne were surveyed for improvement of their quality of life after treatment with roxithromycin. Patients were orally given roxithromycin 300 mg daily for 2–4 weeks. At the time of pre- and post-treatment, the dermatologists graded the severity of acne symptoms, and the patients answered questionnaires. In 123 half faces of 76 patients, 80 half faces were improved, 42 half faces were not changed, and one half face was deteriorated. The score of "symptom and feeling" and "leisure" in DLQI-J and "emotions" and "symptoms" in Skindex-29-J were significantly decreased after roxithromycin treatment. Roxithromycin has a therapeutic effect on inflammatory acne and leads to improvement of quality of life in the patients.     

对痤疮患者生活质量影响因素的分析

目的:了解痤疮患者生活质量及其影响因素。方法:采用自制生活质量调查问卷,对345例痤疮患者进行调查。结果:痤疮患者生活质量降低。多因素Logistic回归分析表明:自我感知和情感功能同性别、家庭情况、痤疮轻重分级和学生与否相关性密切;社会功能同长期居住地、痤疮轻重分级和学生与否相关性密切。结论:针对上述影响因素,临床医师适当实施心理干预措施和健康教育,有助于提高痤疮患者的生活质量。     

手部湿疹对生活质量的影响及派瑞松对其改善的研究

目的：研究手部湿疹对患者生活质量的影响以及派派瑞松对其的改善情况。方法：采用DLQI问卷，120例手部湿疹(HE)患者填写问卷，并外出派瑞松4周，分别在用药1周、2周、4周后再次填写问卷，然后进行分析。结果：DLQI分数在性别、年龄、病程、教育程度等没有差异。但是男性的问题主要集中在工作、关系和治疗上，而女性则是主要影响症状，家务和休闲，局部外用派瑞松1周可以改善患者的生活质量，4周则完全改善。结论：本研究证实HE可以严重影响患者的生活质量，而派瑞松可以有效地改善。     

Health-related quality of life in health care workers with work-related skin diseases

Background: Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) are common among health care workers (HCWs). Little is known about how OSD impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in HCWs with suspected OSD and associated factors.
Objectives: To describe HRQoL in 278 HCWs with suspected OSD, compare data with the general and populations with skin diseases and analyse HRQoL's associations with clinical and demographic variables.
Methods: HCWs with suspected OSD completed a generic (SF-36) and specific (Skindex-29) instrument.
Results: Seven of 8 SF-36 dimensions were significantly lower in HCWs than the general population. Compared with norms for patients with skin disease and cleaning and kitchen employees (CKEs) with suspected OSD, physical functioning (PF) and general health perception were less impaired in HCWs. Skindex-29 scores were similar to CKEs' while they appeared better than patients' norms. Multivariate analysis found severity unrelated to SF-36, apart from pain but associated with all Skindex-29 scales.
Conclusions: Although HCWs with suspected OSD display considerable HRQoL impairments, (general) PF and general health perception appear less affected than expected. Severity appears to affect specific and to a lesser extent general HRQoL. Clinical and demographic variables contributed moderately to the prediction of specific and little to the prediction of general HRQoL.     

Hand eczema severity and quality of life: a cross-sectional, multicentre study of hand eczema patients

Background and Objectives:  Hand eczema is a chronic disease with negative impact on quality of life (QoL). In this study, QoL in hand eczema patients is assessed and related to age, sex, severity, and diagnostic subgroups.
Methods:  A total of 416 patients with hand eczema from 10 European patch test clinics participated in the study. Data on QoL were obtained from a self-administered questionnaire using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Severity was assessed by a scoring system (Hand Eczema Severity Index, HECSI) as well as frequency of eruptions and sick leave due to hand eczema.
Results:  No significant difference was found between males and females with respect to QoL [DLQI median values and 25/75 percentiles for males and females being 7.0 (3–14) and 8.0 (3–13), respectively], although males were more severely affected than females ( P < 0.025). A significant positive correlation was found for hand eczema severity and age ( P < 0.001), while no significant correlation was found for QoL and age. QoL was found increasingly reduced when sick leave was getting higher ( P < 0.001). A statistically significant correlation between QoL (as measured by DLQI) and hand eczema severity as measured by HECSI was found ( P < 0.001). No significant difference in QoL was found between diagnostic subgroups.
Conclusions:  QoL was found markedly negatively affected in hand eczema patients and was significantly correlated to disease severity. No significant difference in QoL was found between males and females, in spite of significantly more severe eczema in males, indicating that QoL in female patients is more easily affected.     

An assessment of the quality of life in older patients with skin disease

BACKGROUND: There are few data regarding quality of life in older people with skin disease, particularly concerning those with skin cancer. Access to U.K. secondary care dermatological services is increasingly focusing on skin cancer, which may have a negative effect on waiting times for patients with rashes. OBJECTIVES: To assess the quality of life in patients aged 65 years and over and to determine how this relates to type and extent of skin disease. METHODS: One hundred consecutive new dermatology patient referrals aged 65 years and above had quality of life assessed by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Illness Perception Questionnaire. Patients were examined for type and extent of skin disease. RESULTS: There were 49 men (mean age 75.1 years) and 51 women (mean age 75.0 years). Fifty-five per cent of patients had been referred with one or more lesions (76% premalignant or malignant) and 45% had rashes. There was no significant difference between the quality of life scores of men vs. women regarding all three of the questionnaires. However, patients with rashes scored significantly higher (i.e. poorer quality of life) on all but one of the questionnaire parts compared with patients with lesions. Patients with more extensive disease had significantly higher DLQI scores. CONCLUSIONS: Older people suffering from rashes had significantly poorer quality of life than patients with lesions, even those with skin cancer. The quality of life is negatively associated with extent of skin disease. Access to specialist dermatological care should take into account the suffering caused by extensive skin diseases. DLQI and a general quality of life questionnaire such as the HADS are quick to deliver and to score, particularly in the setting of a busy outpatient department. They provide an excellent screening tool for psychological problems in older people with skin disease.     

卵巢癌手术患者术后性功能状态及性生活质量的变化研究

目的:研究与观察卵巢癌手术患者术后性功能状态及性生活质量的变化情况。方法:选取2012年1月至2014年12月期间本院收治的40例卵巢癌手术患者为观察组,同时期的40例卵巢良性疾病手术患者为对照组,将两组患者于术后6个月、12个月、18个月及24个月时分别采用女性性功能量表、女性性生活质量问卷及性生活自评量表进行评估,然后将两组患者上述时间点的评估结果分别进行比较。结果:观察组术后6个月、12个月、18个月及24个月的女性性功能量表、女性性生活质量问卷及性生活自评量表评估结果均显著地差于对照组,而观察组术后18个月、24个月时的评估结果好于术后6个月及术后12个月,P均0.05,均有显著性差异。结论:卵巢癌患者手术患者术后性功能状态及性生活质量相对较差,术后呈现改善状态,应给予积极的干预。