早期胃癌淋巴结转移差异表达基因分析

目的:利用TCGA数据库早期胃癌RNA-seq数据,探讨早期胃癌淋巴结转移差异表达基因及相关生物学意义。方法:从TCGA数据库下载胃癌RNA-seq数据和临床病理数据,筛选出早期胃癌数据,并根据有无淋巴结转移进行分组对比分析。在R 3.5.3环境下,加载edgeR包,筛选T_1N_(1-3)M_0期与T_1N_0M_0期胃癌相比的差异表达基因。通过对差异表达基因进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,分析其潜在的生物学功能。分析差异表达基因与胃癌预后的相关性。结果:早期合并淋巴结转移组胃癌中发现197个显著上调表达基因和5个显著下调表达基因。上调差异表达基因显著富集在白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子等作用的细胞增殖相关GO功能因子,和Wnt信号通路、核转录因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路、胃癌信号通路等癌症相关信号通路上。上调和下调差异表达基因多与胃癌患者预后相关。结论:早期胃癌淋巴结结转移相关差异表达基因可能通过细胞增殖相关GO功能和Wnt信号通路、NF-κB信号通路等信号通路影响早期胃癌的生物学行为;有无淋巴结早期胃癌中的差异表达基因表达水平多与胃癌患者预后显著相关,有可能作为胃癌的诊治靶点应用于临床。     

宫颈癌相关差异表达基因的筛选及预后价值分析

目的通过分析GEO数据库中的基因芯片数据,筛选宫颈癌相关的差异表达基因。方法从GEO数据库中下载宫颈癌相关基因表达数据集GSE9750和GSE63514,利用GEO2R工具筛选差异表达基因;利用DAVID在线工具进行GO和KEGG富集途径分析;利用GSE7803、GSE39001和TCGA中的数据对结果进行验证。结果共筛选出176个宫颈癌相关差异表达基因,包括上调基因41个,下调基因135个;INHBA基因在宫颈癌组织中高表达,且与患者的总生存期(HR=2.5,P0.01)和无病生存期呈负相关(HR=2.7,P0.01)。结论通过分析GEO中的基因芯片数据获得多个宫颈癌发病相关的基因,INHBA基因可作为患者的诊断及预后评估的潜在新分子标记。     

肺癌细胞株肺癌相关基因差异表达分析

目的通过芯片技术检测肺癌细胞株基因差异表达探讨肺癌的发病机制,并尝试寻找可能用于肺癌的预防、诊断和治疗的基因。方法对四株肺癌细胞(PGCl3、PAa、H1299、NiS成瘤)作肺癌相关基因的芯片检测,分析其与对照组永生化细胞株(16HBE)之间的表达差异。从检测结果中选取了三个基因作RT-PCR鉴定。结果H1299有89个基因表达改变,PAa有59个基因表达改变,PGCL3有93个基因表达改变,NiS成瘤有78个基因表达改变。经RT-PCR鉴定的三个基因:L6A在各肿瘤细胞株中呈高表达,RXRB在各肿瘤细胞中呈低表达,vimentin除在无恶性转移株PAa中无显著差异外,在其他肿瘤细胞株中均呈高表达,结果与芯片结果一致。结论肿瘤的发生发展是多基因多阶段相互作用的结果,L6抗原可能作为肿瘤的特异性标记物,vimentin可能与肺肿瘤的转移有关,RXRB的表达水平可能与肿瘤细胞的分化相关。     

Identification of differentially expressed genes in human salivary gland tumors by DNA microarrays

Differentially expressed genes among different benign and malignant salivary gland tumors were identified by use of cDNA microarrays containing 19,000 human expressed sequence tags. Tumors were classified by using a subset of 486 genes. Benign Warthin's tumor and pleomorphic adenoma showed very distinctive gene expression patterns. One hundred and thirty-three genes differentiated the single malignant clear cell carcinoma from non-tumor salivary glands (P < 0.01), whereas only 16 genes separated it from the highly related benign pleomorphic adenoma (P < 0.01). Fifty-seven cDNAs were associated with mucoepidermoid carcinoma (P < 0.01). The identified genes might help to disclose the molecular mechanisms and processes underlying malignant salivary gland tumors.     

口腔黏膜扁平苔藓差异基因筛选及其通路分析

目的应用基因芯片技术筛选口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）差异表达基因及其相关通路分析。方法分别从15例患者OLP组织和5例健康者口腔黏膜组织中提取总RNA,随后用反转录的方法将两种组织的mRNA分别进行荧光标记,与含有32050个基因的人类基因芯片进行杂交。探针长度为60mer,杂交信号用Genepix4000B扫描仪扫描,用芯片图像分析软件（GenepixProV6.0和Genesring）进行分析。结果经过杂交筛选并与正常组织比较,从32050个基因中筛选出有统计学意义的差异表达基因142个,其中上调表达基因25个,下调表达基因117个。有差异表达的通路8个。与OLP密切相关的通路有参与感染类疾病的幽门螺杆菌感染的上皮细胞信号传导通路（epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacterpylori infection）等。结论应用基因表达谱芯片可初步筛选出OLP差异表达基因和通路,OLP发生、发展过程中存在着多个不同基因及多条功能通路表达调控的改变。     

Identification of genes differentially expressed in association with reduced azole susceptibility in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

OBJECTIVE: An isolate of S. cerevisiae with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole and itraconazole was developed in the laboratory and used to identify genes that are differentially expressed in association with this phenotype. METHODS: S. cerevisiae strain ATCC 9763 was passaged in increasing concentrations of itraconazole. Itraconazole and fluconazole MICs for the initial isolate (9763S) were 2 and 16 mg/L and for the final isolate (9763I) were 16 and > or =64 mg/L, respectively. Duplicate sets of total RNA from 9763S and 9763I were isolated and hybridized to Affymetrix S98 yeast arrays. To validate results, six differentially expressed genes were further examined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Of the nearly 6400 open reading frames represented on the array, a total of 116 genes (1.8%) were found to be differentially expressed. Cell wall maintenance genes TIR4 and CCW12, sterol metabolism gene UPC2, small molecule transport genes AUS1 and YHK8, and stress response gene CUP1-1 were expressed at a level at least 2.5-fold higher than the expression level found in 9763S. Eleven energy generation genes, ionic homeostasis genes FRE1, FRE2 and FRE4, and sterol metabolism genes ERG8 and ERG13 were expressed at least 2.5-fold lower than the expression level found in 9763S. CONCLUSIONS: Several genes found to be differentially expressed in this study have been shown previously to be differentially expressed in the fungal response to azole treatment. In addition, the potential role of AUS1 and/or YHK8 as mediators of drug efflux is intriguing and warrants further study.     

Lin-CD34-与Lin-CD34+细胞差异表达基因的鉴定

目的 克隆并鉴定Lin^-CD34^-细胞区别于Lin^-CD34^ 细胞的可能与其性状相关的基因。方法 以uLin^-CD34^-细胞作为检测对象，Lin^-CD34 细胞作为驱动细胞，应用抑制消减杂交技术构建Lin^-CD34^-细胞的cDNA消减库。选取部分克隆测序，测序结果与GenBank进行同源性比较和功能分析。结果 共获得593个含有插入片段的克隆，片段的长度为300～500bp。随机选取53条EST进行测序，其中37条EST代表了10个已知基因，其余16条EST。代表了4个未知序列。结论 利用抑制消减杂交技术鉴定出部分Lin^-CD34^-细胞特异表达的基因，可能与Lin^-CD34^-细胞的特性相关。     

口腔癌患者癌因性疲劳的调查分析

目的了解口腔癌患者癌因性疲劳的现状。方法应用自行设计的一般资料调查表、Piper疲乏修正量表（revised piper fatigue scale,RPFS）对100例口腔癌患者进行调查。结果76例（76．00％）患者有不同程度的疲乏。患者RPFS总分为（5．51±1．23）分,各维度评分从高到低依次为躯体疲乏、情感疲乏、行为疲乏和认知疲乏。结论口腔癌患者普遍存在癌因性疲乏,其躯体方面的疲乏感最强烈,情感疲乏也处于较高的水平。因此,在临床工作中,医护人员要保证患者有足够营养物质的摄入以减轻其躯体疲劳;教会患者正确处理自己的不良情绪,从心理层面缓解疲乏。     

临床护理路径在口腔癌伴糖尿病病人围术期的应用

[目的]探讨临床护理路径在口腔癌伴糖尿病病人围术期的应用效果。[方法]将80例口腔癌伴糖尿病病人随机分为观察组和对照组,两组均采用联合根治术,观察组按设计好的临床护理路径实施治疗和护理,对照组实施常规护理,比较两组病人住院时间、住院费用、并发症发生率、护理质量满意度及对疾病相关知识掌握度有无差别。[结果]观察组住院时间、住院费用、并发症发生率、病人满意度及对疾病相关知识掌握度优于对照组,经比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。[结论]临床护理路径应用于口腔癌伴糖尿病病人围术期能减少住院时间、住院费用及并发症,保证护理质量。     

Identification of genes highly expressed in G2-arrested Chinese hamster ovary cells by differential display analysis

Abnormal cell cycle regulation is believed to be an important step in tumorigenesis. In mammalian cells, DNA damage commonly leads to cell cycle arrest in G2; however, little is known about the detailed biochemical mechanisms underlying the DNA damage-induced G2 arrest. In order to identify genes differentially expressed in association with G2 arrest, differential display analysis was performed between exponentially growing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and G2-arrested CHO cells induced by etoposide, SN-38, or X-radiation. We identified five cDNA clones whose expression was up-regulated in G2-arrested CHO cells. Sequence analysis revealed that three clones were homologous to known genes: isogene I of translation initiation factor eIF-4A, ribosomal protein L13, and translation repressor NAT1. The remaining two clones showed no homology to known genes. These results indicate that DNA damage can alter the expression of multiple genes, including translational regulators.     

人工鼻在口腔癌气管切开术后患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨人工鼻在口腔癌气管切开术后患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2019年5月至2020年5月我院70例口腔癌气管切开术后患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组35例.观察组采用人工鼻进行湿化,对照组采用普通无菌纱布进行湿化,除人工鼻护理仅观察组实施外,其余护理(心理护理、基础护理、饮食护理、用药护理)两组...     

Identification of differentially expressed genes in coronary atherosclerotic plaques from patients with stable or unstable angina by cDNA array analysis

Summary.  The composition of atherosclerotic plaques is a crucial factor in determining rupture, thrombosis and clinical events. In this study, we analyzed gene expression in coronary plaques from patients with stable or unstable angina using gene arrays. Total RNA was extracted from eight plaques collected by therapeutic directional coronary atherectomy. cDNA probes, generated by amplification, were hybridized to nylon arrays containing 482 genes. Here we report the results for the inflammation, adhesion and hemostasis subsets. Many genes not previously associated with atherosclerosis, such as the lymphocyte adhesion molecule MadCAM, were expressed in the plaques. anova analysis showed higher tissue factor (TF) expression in unstable angina samples. Five genes were expressed at lower levels in unstable angina samples: anticoagulant protein S, cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, interleukin (IL)-7 and chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and -2. Gene arrays provide a new approach to study plaque composition and identify candidate markers of plaque instability.     

布鲁氏菌多重聚合酶链反应鉴定研究

目的　在同一体系中对布鲁氏菌6个种进行鉴定。方法　根据布鲁氏菌6个种的差异基因设计5对引物,应用多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法对布鲁氏菌进行鉴定。先用标准菌株建立方法,优化实验条件,然后扩增地方株进行验证。结果　除绵羊附睾种外多重引物PCR方法能将其余5个布鲁氏菌种全部鉴定出来。结论　这种方法快速准确,且对实验操作人员安全,是布鲁氏菌鉴定的辅助方法。     

Knowledge and attitudes about oral cancer among dentists in Spain

Objectives  Detecting oral cancer (OC) at an early stage is the most effective means of improving survival and reducing morbility from disease. The objective was to study the knowledge, opinions and attitudes held by general dentists in Spain regarding aspects of OC in general clinic practice.
Methods  A 44-item questionnaire relating to OC was randomly distributed by email to 1000 dentists in the different autonomous communities in Spain.
Results  The response rate was 42.7%. Only 49.7% of the dentists who replied considered themselves to have up-to-date knowledge on OC. A total of 94.7% of those interviewed hold the opinion that it is the dentists who are qualified to carry out the oral examination. In addition, 41.8% felt that family doctors and 13.8% that dental hygienists were also capable of making this examination. We should highlight that dentists who rated their undergraduate OC training favourably were more likely to agree that their OC knowledge was current than those who rated their undergraduate training unfavourably [odds ratio (OR) = 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1–4.2, P  = 0.019). Respondents who performed oral cancer examinations on all patients 40 years of age or older were 1.8 times more likely to agree that their OC knowledge was current; however, the differences were not significant (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.6–2.7, P  = 0.392).
Conclusions  Gaps in knowledge exist, strongly suggesting the need for continued courses of education detection and prevention of OC.     

Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in non‐small cell lung cancer

ObjectiveNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contains 85% of lung cancer. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are the largest NSCLC subgroups. The aim of the study was to investigate the underlying mechanism in developing more effective subtype‐specific molecular therapeutic procedures.MethodsA total of 876 specimens were used in this study: 494 LUAD tissues (ie, 449 LUAD tissues and 45 matched normal tissues) and 382 LUSC tissues (ie, 337 LUSC tissues and 45 matched normal tissues). The miRNA sequencing data were processed using R. The differential expressed miRNAs between lung cancer and normal tissues were analyzed using the limma package in R. Gene expression, Western blotting, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and luciferase assay were used to test LUAD and LUSC.ResultsLUAD and LUSC appear sharply distinct at molecular and pathological level. Let‐7a‐5p, miR‐338, miR‐375, miR‐217, miR‐627, miR‐140, miR‐147b, miR‐138‐2, miR‐584, and miR‐197 are top 10 relevant miRNAs and CLDN3, DSG3, KRT17, TMEM125, KRT5, NKX2‐1, KRT7, ABCC5, KRAS, and PLCG2 are top 10 relevant genes in NSCLC. At the same time, the miRNAs expression levels were also quite different between the two groups. Among the differential expressed miRNAs, let‐7a‐5p was significantly down‐regulated in LUAD while miR‐338 was markedly down‐regulated in LUSC. Bioinformatics analyses appeared that let‐7a‐5p directly targets high–molecular weight keratin 5 (KRT5) which were shown to be a strong risk factor for LUAD. And NK2 homeobox 1(NKX2‐1) which was associated with tumor progression in LUSC was identified as a target gene of miR‐338.ConclusionsDistinct profile of miRNAs can take a part in the development of LUAD and LUSC and thus could serve as a subtype‐specific molecular therapeutic target to protect against LUAD and LUSC.     

Identification of autophagy‐related biomarker and analysis of immune infiltrates in oral carcinoma

BackgroundAutophagy plays a vital role in the progression of the tumor. We aimed to investigate the expression, prognostic value, and immune infiltration of autophagy‐related genes in oral carcinoma via bioinformatics analysis.MethodsThe microarray datasets ({"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE146483","term_id":"146483"}}GSE146483 and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE23558","term_id":"23558"}}GSE23558) of oral carcinoma were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and diseased groups were identified by the Limma package. The screened autophagy‐related gene was further validated by the human protein atlas (HPA) database, TCGA database, and {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE78060","term_id":"78060"}}GSE78060 dataset.ResultsA total of 18 upregulated (top 10: EGFR, TNF, FADD, AURKA, E2F1, CHEK1, BRCA1, BIRC5, EIF2AK2, and CSF2) and 31 downregulated (top 10: MAP1LC3A, PARK2, AGT, IGF1, TP53INP1, CXCL12, IKBKB, SESN1, ULK2, and RRAGD) autophagy‐related (DEGs) were identified, and FADD was found to be related to the prognosis of oral cancer patients. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that FADD‐associated genes were significantly enriched in immune‐related pathways. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that FADD expression was associated with immune infiltrates. Upregulation of FADD is associated with poor survival and immune infiltrates in oral cancer.ConclusionWe speculated that FADD is involved in the immune regulation of oral cancer, as well as autophagy.     

口腔癌手术患者医院感染现状及危险因素分析

目的 调查口腔癌手术患者医院感染现状,探讨医院感染危险因素,为医院感染防控提供科学依据.方法 前瞻性目标监测调查2019年1月-2020年12月山东省某三甲医院口腔颌面外科的口腔癌患者,分析口腔癌手术患者医院感染的发生率及危险因素.结果 本研究纳入394例口腔癌手术患者,发生医院感染58例,医院感染率为14.72％;总...     

基于癌症基因图谱挖掘前列腺癌不同Gleason分级癌组织相关基因分析

目的：运用生物信息学探究不同Gleason分级（Gleason Pattern,GP）前列腺癌组织间的分子表达差异及其基因间的相互影响。方法：下载癌症基因图谱（the cancer genome atlas,TCGA）前列腺癌患者的转录组数据及GP资料,运用生物信息学分析GP 4级与GP 3级前列腺癌组织间的基因表达差异,进而通过基因本体（gene ontology, GO）、京都基因和基因组百科全书（Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG）信号通路富集及蛋白相互作用网络（protein protein interaction network, PPI）,探究不同GP的前列腺癌组织间差异表达基因的相互作用及影响的生物学过程。结果：生信分析共鉴定出312个差异表达基因,且相较于GP 3级癌组织,GP 4级前列腺癌组织中存在157个基因表达上调,155个基因表达下调。生信分析显示,在基因相互作用网络中富集到的22个显著相关基因主要参与的生物学过程为细胞周期及有丝分裂。结论：GP 4级前列腺癌组织内的肿瘤细胞有丝分裂更为活跃,临床可通过检测细胞周期相关蛋白,协助对前列腺癌患者作出更合理的疾病风险及预后评估;同时,针对Gleason积分（Gleason score,GS）≥7分的患者,细胞周期相关蛋白有望成为其有效的治疗靶点。