人卵巢癌肿瘤干细胞样细胞——侧群细胞中不同亚群的干性分析

目的研究卵巢癌细胞系中的肿瘤干细胞(CSC)样细胞—侧群细胞(SP)中不同亚群细胞的干性是否有差异,分析CSC的异质性。方法选择人浆液性卵巢癌顺铂耐药细胞株C13,采用双苯酰亚胺Hochest33342染色,应用流式细胞仪荧光激活分选法获得高度排斥染色的侧群细胞(LSP)、低度排斥染色的侧群细胞(USP)及能被双苯酰亚胺Hochest33342染色的非侧群细胞(NSP),体外试验检测3个不同亚群的细胞体外成球能力、表达干细胞标志物、对高浓度顺铂的耐药性是否有差异。结果人卵巢癌细胞C13存在具有干性特征的SP,其亚群LSP比USP表达更高水平干细胞标志物,具有更高的体外成球能力,对顺铂具有更高的耐药性,差异有统计学意义。NSP不具有干性特征。结论体外试验证明卵巢癌细胞的SP不同亚群细胞具有不同的干性特征,CSC具有异质性。     

乙醛脱氢酶1作为宫颈癌干细胞标志物的相关研究

目的研究宫颈癌中乙醛脱氢酶1(ALDH1)作为纯化宫颈癌干细胞(CCSCs)标志物的可能性。方法分离宫颈癌原代细胞ALDH1^high和ALDH1^low细胞,检测其自我更新及增殖能力,应用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-Time PCR)技术检测ALDH1^high和ALDH1^low细胞中干性基因表达情况。结果原代细胞中ALDH1^high的成球率(22.92±2.84)%明显高于ALDH1^low的成球数(8.33±4.90)%(P<0.05)。ALDH1^high的克隆形成数(55.00±8.67)/200细胞明显高于ALDH1^low的克隆形成数(23.67±3.93)/200细胞(P<0.05)。ALDH1^high细胞CD24和CD44表达量是ALDH1^low细胞的(2.23±0.33)倍和(1.87±0.12)倍(P<0.05)。结论原代细胞中ALDH1^high细胞自我更新及增殖能力均高于ALDH1^low细胞亚群;ALDH1^high细胞亚群中干性基因表达高于ALDH1^low细胞亚群;ALDH1可富集CCSCs,但不能单独作为CCSCs分选的标志物。     

胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定

胚胎干细胞是一种具有在体外不分化的无限增殖能力，而在一定条件下又能分化为体内多种细胞类型的原始细胞，自1998年美国Thomson等建立人胚胎干细胞系以来，对人胚胎干细胞的建系及开发利用引起了国内外的高度重视，而人胚胎干细胞系的建立以及定向分化的成功与否必须通过鉴定来确定，现就胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定如下综述。     

人羊膜间充质干细胞分离培养及鉴定

间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)是来源于中胚层的多能干细胞,具有高度自我更新能力和多向分化潜能〔1-2〕。目前研究最多的是骨髓MSCs,但其必须通过有创伤性的途径获得,而且随着时间的延长,干细胞数量明显减少〔3〕。因此,寻找更易获得、含量丰富且易于培养的MSCs来源,对MSCs的实验研究具有重要意义。本研究从人羊膜组织中分离纯化MSCs,为人羊膜间充质干细胞(AMSCs)的进一步研究及临床应用提供基础。     

干细胞标记物乙醛脱氢酶1在宫颈癌中的成瘤性分析

目的研究乙醛脱氢酶1 (ALDH1)细胞在宫颈癌Hela细胞系中的成瘤性及其干细胞特性。方法①利用流式细胞仪分选出宫颈癌Hela细胞系中ALDH1^+和ALDH1-细胞;②20例裸鼠随机分为ALDH1^+和ALDH-组,分别接种1×106个相应细胞;③裸鼠体内实验检测ALDH1^+和ALDH-细胞成瘤性。结果 ALDH1^+组细胞成瘤性为0. 428±0. 128,ALDH1-组细胞成瘤性为0. 141±0. 035,ALDH1^+组细胞成瘤性更高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)结论 ALDH1^+细胞相比于ALDH-细胞具有更高的自我更新能力和致瘤性,可以作为干细胞标志物的应用,为宫颈癌治疗提供新的方向。     

卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR-3中肿瘤干细胞样细胞的分离与鉴定

目的:分选卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR-3中ABCG2+细胞,并鉴定其肿瘤干细胞特征。方法:应用流式细胞仪检测、分选OVCAR-3中ABCG2+细胞,并通过克隆形成试验、分化能力检测及化疗敏感性分析等试验比较ABCG2+及ABCG2-细胞增殖能力、自我更新及分化能力以及耐药性,并通过RT-PCR检测其干性基因表达量。结果:卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR-3中存在少量ABCG2+细胞,其比例为12.2%。ABCG2+及ABCG2-细胞的克隆形成率分别为38.25%±5.46%及14.35%±3.21%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ABCG2+及ABCG2-细胞顺铂的IC50值分别为(25.1±5.7)μmol/L及(6.4±3.4)μmol/L,紫杉醇的IC50值分别为(7.28±1.25)μmol/L及(2.14±0.68)μmol/L,两者顺铂及紫杉醇IC50值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);ABCG2+细胞中Oct4及Nanog基因表达量分别是ABCG2-细胞的2.01±0.45倍及4.56±0.74倍,两者Oct4及Nanog基因表达量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分别贴壁培养ABCG2+及ABCG2-细胞,ABCG2+细胞群中ABCG2+细胞比例为10.8%,与分选培养前比例相似(P>0.05);ABCG2-细胞群中ABCG2+细胞比例为4.8%,低于分选培养前比例(P<0.05)。结论:卵巢癌细胞系OVCAR-3中ABCG2+细胞所占比例较少,较ABCG2-细胞具有更高的增殖能力、自我更新和分化潜能以及耐药性,并高表达干性基因,符合肿瘤干细胞的基本特征。研究分选的ABCG2+细胞可被视为卵巢癌干细胞样细胞,是研究卵巢癌干细胞较为理想的细胞模型。     

干细胞与子宫内膜异位症

子宫内膜异位症是一种良性妇科疾病,其发病机制涉及诸多因素,最终导致子宫腔外出现子宫内膜腺体及间质.近年来,一系列实验发现可能存在子宫内膜干/祖细胞,这些细胞与骨髓干细胞被认为与子宫内膜周期性更新和一些妇科疾病发病有关.该文分析了子宫内膜干细胞的研究结果 及这些细胞与子宫内膜异位症的关系,并为今后的研究提供了一些建议.     

胚胎干细胞可被诱导分泌胰岛素

日本京都大学再生医学研究所的井上一知教授领导的科研小组日前宣布 ,他们利用万能细胞制造出了可分泌胰岛素的细胞 ,并将这种细胞移植到患糖尿病的试验鼠体内 ,取得很好的疗效。糖尿病的病因是因为体内胰岛素不足 ,血糖值得不到控制 ,而万能细胞即ES细胞可以生成各种细胞 ,只要能培养出胰脏的胰岛细胞 ,就可以分泌胰岛素 ,治愈糖尿病。科研人员在培养试验鼠的ES细胞中 ,对添加物质等数百个条件进行调研后 ,偶然发现了能使培养出的细胞中有 70 %～ 80 %为分泌胰岛素细胞的方法。用这种方法培养出的胰岛细胞群 ,不仅能分泌胰岛素 ,还可分泌…     

胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定

胚胎干细胞是一种具有在体外不分化的无限增殖能力,而在一定条件下又能分化为体内多种细胞类型的原始细胞。自1998年美国Thomson等建立人胚胎干细胞系以来,对人胚胎干细胞的建系及开发利用引起了国内外的高度重视。而人胚胎干细胞系的建立以及定向分化的成功与否必须通过鉴定来确定。现就胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定如下综述。     

胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定

胚胎干细胞是一种具有在体外不分化的无限增殖能力，而在一定条件下又能分化为体内多种细胞类型的原始细胞。自1998年美国Thomson等建立人胚胎干细胞系以来，对人胚胎干细胞的建系及开发利用引起了国内外的高度重视。而人胚胎干细胞系的建立以及定向分化的成功与否必须通过鉴定来确定。现就胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞的鉴定如下综述。     

正常宫颈及宫颈癌组织中干细胞标记物表达情况的研究

目的:研究表皮干细胞标记物P63与CK17在正常宫颈鳞状上皮及浸润性宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达情况,进而为宫颈及宫颈癌干细胞的研究工作奠定基础。方法:采用免疫组化的方法,检测宫颈正常鳞状上皮20例、浸润性宫颈鳞状上皮癌30例中P63与CK17的表达情况,结果采用χ2检验。结果:宫颈正常鳞状上皮中P63与CK17阳性细胞表达于宫颈基底层,宫颈癌组P63与CK17阳性细胞位置上移,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:P63与CK17表达于正常宫颈基底层的宫颈储备细胞,因此宫颈储备细胞可能为宫颈干细胞,同时P63与CK17在宫颈癌组织中表达呈数量上的上升趋势及位置上的上移趋势,因此推断P63与CK17可能为宫颈及宫颈癌干细胞的标记物。     

肿瘤干细胞学说对肺癌研究的价值

肿瘤干细胞(CSC)学说是肿瘤基础与临床研究上的突破,必将对包括肺癌在内的肿瘤的发生、发展以及肿瘤的临床诊断、治疗都带来极大的影响。作者综述国内外肿瘤干细胞与肺癌的研究文献,旨在探讨肿瘤干细胞在癌症尤其是肺癌方面的研究进展。     

肝癌干细胞差异表达miRNA的筛选及鉴定

目的培养卵圆细胞、肝癌干细胞样细胞,筛选肝癌干细胞差异表达的microRNA并进行验证。方法体外分离培养卵圆细胞,肝癌干细胞样细胞,通过microRNA芯片检测差异表达的microRNA,对所得到的差异表达显著的microRNA进行Northern验证。结果表达差异显著的microRNA共有17个,经Northem杂交验证,其中6个差异显著的microRNA,发现hsa—let-7f-2、hsa—miR-199a-3p、hsa-miR-122在肝癌干细胞中的表达较卵圆细胞明显升高。结论hsa—let一7f-2、hsa—miR-199a一3p、hsa—miR-122在肝癌干细胞中的表达较卵圆细胞明显升高,可以进一步验证其在肝癌于细胞中的功能。     

Association between human papillomavirus vaccine status and other cervical cancer risk factors

Little is known about the relationship between HPV vaccine uptake and other risk factors for cervical cancer. This study aimed to measure the association between vaccine status and cervical cancer risk factors in adolescent girls. Girls (15–16 years) from the first two cohorts to be offered routine HPV vaccination in the NHS immunisation programme completed a survey 3 years post-vaccination. Recruitment took place at 13 schools in London. Of 2768 girls registered in Year 11, 1912 (69%) took part and provided analysable data. Questions assessed vaccine status, demographic characteristics, smoking status, sexual behaviour and intention to attend cervical screening. Overall, 78% had completed the three-dose vaccine course. There was no association between vaccine status and smoking behaviour or sexual experience. In adjusted analyses, girls from black or ‘other’ ethnic backgrounds were less likely to be fully-vaccinated than those from white backgrounds. Those with low intentions to attend cervical screening were less likely to be fully vaccinated than those with high intentions. Efforts will be needed to ensure that unvaccinated women understand the importance of cervical screening when they reach the age that screening begins. Ethnic inequalities in vaccine coverage need to be explored further.     

宫颈癌新辅助化疗32例临床分析

目的分析评价以卡铂为基础的宫颈癌新辅助化疗的疗效和毒副作用。方法对该院收治的32例初治宫颈癌患者,以卡铂+5氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)方案进行单疗程新辅助化疗。结果临床CR与PR总有效率为75%;症状缓解方面,显效率81.3%。骨髓抑制是本次化疗方案显著的毒副作用。结论 NACT是有效的;但是仍然需要进一步研究。     

Knowledge and intention to participate in cervical cancer screening after the human papillomavirus vaccine

Background

If women who receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine are unduly reassured about the cancer prevention benefits of vaccination, they may choose not to participate in screening, thereby increasing their risk for cervical cancer. This study assesses adult women's knowledge of the need to continue cervical cancer screening after HPV vaccination, describes Pap test intentions of vaccinated young adult women, and evaluates whether knowledge and intentions differ across groups at greatest risk for cervical cancer.

Methods

Data were from the 2008 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) and the 2008 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which initiated data collection approximately 18 months after the first FDA approval of an HPV vaccine. We calculated associations between independent variables and the outcomes using chi-square tests.

Results

Of 1586 female HINTS respondents ages 18 through 74, 95.6% knew that HPV-vaccinated women should continue to receive Pap tests. This knowledge did not vary significantly by race/ethnicity, education, income, or healthcare access. Among 1101 female NHIS respondents ages 18-26 who had ever received a Pap test, the proportion (12.7%; n = 139) who reported receipt of the HPV vaccine were more likely than those not vaccinated to plan to receive a Pap test within three years (98.1% vs. 92.5%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

US adult women possess high knowledge and intention to participate in Pap testing after HPV vaccination. The vast majority of young adult women who received the HPV vaccine within its first two years on the market intend to participate in cervical cancer screening in the near future. Future studies are needed to examine whether those vaccinated in adolescence will become aware of, and adhere to, screening guidelines as they become eligible.     

Would cancer stem cells affect the future investment in stem cell therapy

The common goal within the overwhelming interests in stem cell research is to safely translate the science to patients. Although there are various methods by which this goal can be reached, this editorial emphasizes the safety of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplant and possible confounds by the growing information on cancer stem cells (CSCs). There are several ongoing clinical trials with MSCs and their interactions with CSCs need to be examined. The rapid knowledge on MSCs and CSCs has now collided with regards to the safe treatment of MSCs. The information discussed on MSCs can be extrapolated to other stem cells with similar phenotype and functions such as placenta stem cells. MSCs are attractive for cell therapy, mainly due to reduced ethical concerns, ease in expansion and reduced ability to be transformed. Also, MSCs can exert both immune suppressor and tissue regeneration simultaneously. It is expected that any clinical trial with MSCs will take precaution to ensure that the cells are not transformed. However, going forward, the different centers should be aware that MSCs might undergo oncogenic events, especially as undifferentiated cells or early differentiated cells. Another major concern for MSC therapy is their ability to promote tumor growth and perhaps, to protect CSCs by altered immune responses. These issues are discussed in light of a large number of undiagnosed cancers.     

血清SCCAG在宫颈癌及癌前病变中的临床意义

目的:研究鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCCAg)在宫颈癌及癌前病变中的表达和意义。方法:分析宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)组368例、宫颈癌组84例的SCCAg值与患者不同临床分期、分化程度等病理参数之间的关系。结果:SCCAg在宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌早期已有变化,与临床FIGO分期、分化程度、肿瘤体积的增大及淋巴结转移呈正相关。结论:SCCAg是宫颈癌的重要临床肿瘤标志物,较高的血清SCCAg值可能意味着肿瘤恶性程度越高,为患者的辅助诊断、病情估计提供全面的指导信息。     

安徽5县两种宫颈癌筛查方案的成本效益分析

目的 比较两种宫颈癌筛查方案的成本效益,探讨适合安徽本地区的宫颈癌筛查方案.方法 调取安徽省5个项目县宫颈癌检查项目统计报表和个案资料,提取人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测联合宫颈细胞学检查(方案一)与宫颈细胞学检查(方案二)两种筛查方案的检查人数、结案情况、宫颈癌前病变妇女的年龄等.采用x2检对两种宫颈癌筛查方案的宫颈癌及...