复方尼尔雌醇片预防去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的实验研究

目的 探讨复方尼尔雌醇片（Compound nylestriol tablet,CNT；每片含尼尔雌醇0.5mg，左炔诺酮0.15mg)，对去卵巢（OVX）大鼠骨质疏松的预防作用。方法 建立OVX大鼠骨质疏松模型，分组分剂量予以CNT，尼尔雌醇和左炔诺酮治疗14周，观察其对全身，左股骨骨密度校正指数（ADJBMD；adjusted bone mineral density)，骨Ca,P和血清Ca,P,ALP的影响。结果 CNT0.039-0.39mg/kg可增加全身及离体左股骨ADJBMD，且具有剂量依赖性；CNT0.117-0.39mg/kg可增加骨Ca含量，增高血Ca水平（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。单用CNT中所含相应剂量的尼尔雌醇，也可增加ADJBMD，增加骨Ca含量及增高血Ca水平的作用，但程度不如CNT。结论 CNT对OVX大鼠骨质疏松模型有预防作用，其疗效优于单独使用尼尔雌醇及左炔诺酮。     

骨康防治去势大鼠骨质疏松的实验研究

目的探讨补肾活血类中药骨康口服液对去势大鼠所造成的骨质疏松的影响。方法通过切除大鼠卵巢造成绝经后骨质疏松模型,观察了中药骨康口服液不同剂量对造模大鼠骨质疏松的防治作用及其对去势大鼠股骨骨生物力学的影响,并与尼尔雌醇作阳性对照。结果中药骨康中、低剂量的去势大鼠股骨扭转试验最大扭矩高于模型组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,中、低剂量组股骨ＢＭＤ、ＢＭＣ高于模型组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。股骨ＢＭＤ值与股骨最大扭矩值呈直线相关（ｒ＝０．７４１５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论推测骨康可能能提高去势大鼠骨的骨矿含量及骨密度,并促进去势大鼠骨结构的再建,改善骨的内部构造,从而提高大鼠骨的机械性能。     

补肾密骨液对大鼠卵巢切除诱导的实验性骨质疏松症的影响

运用骨组织形态计量学观察了中药补肾密骨液对大鼠切除卵巢诱导的实验性骨质疏松症模型的影响，并与防治骨质疏松药尼尔雌醇及生理盐水进行对照．结果显示，中药组及尼尔雌醇组骨小梁密度显著高于盐水组，破骨细胞指数明显低于盐水组（Ｐ值＜０．０５）．在类骨质含量及骨形成参数值测量中，中药组明显高于尼尔雌醇及盐水组（Ｐ值＜０．０５）．提示：补肾密骨液不仅能抑制破骨细胞的骨吸收活动，还能增生成骨细胞，产生较多的骨基质，使模鼠的骨代谢恢复正态平衡．     

中药骨康预防去势大鼠骨质疏松症的血清IL-6、E2和BGP含量的影响

目的探讨补肾活血类中药骨康预防去势大鼠骨质疏松症的作用.方法本实验研究建立了切除卵巢诱发绝经后骨质疏松症的清洁级SD大鼠模型,运用随机对照分组原则,以血清IL-6、E2和BGP含量指标,观察骨康预防去势大鼠骨质疏松的作用.结果给药4个月后各组大鼠血清雌二醇含量差异有显著性意义,各组均明显高于模型组,正常组、骨康组、阳性组比较无明显差异.各组大鼠血清骨钙素含量差异有显著性意义,各组均明显高于模型组,骨康组明显高于正常组,而阳性组又明显高于骨康组.各组大鼠血清IL-6在给药后4个月差异有显著性意义,各组均明显低于模型组.结论骨康能有效提高去势大鼠体内雌二醇、骨钙素含量,降低体内IL-6含量,具有抑制骨吸收和促进骨形成的双重作用.     

中药骨康对去卵巢大鼠腰椎骨形态计量学的影响

目的 探讨中药骨康对卵巢切除大鼠骨质疏松症的治疗作用。方法 选择6m龄SD大鼠48只。随机分为假手术模型组（Sham）、手术模型组（OVX）、尼尔雌醇组（E2）、中药骨康组。切除大鼠卵巢3m后。大鼠骨质疏松症模型制备成功，分别给予尼尔雌醇、中药骨康灌胃治疗，并与Sham组和OVX组对照。治疗3m后，体内双荧光标记，取第2腰椎包埋切片。全自动图像分析及松质骨骨形态计量学软件处理。观察中药对骨形态计量学参数的影响。结果 卵巢切除后大鼠骨小梁面积百分数（％Tb．Ar）下降35．84％，骨小梁数量（Tb．N）下降16．60％，骨小梁宽度（Tb．Th）下降25．79％，表明绝经后骨质疏松症动物模型成立。骨康治疗3个月后，与OVX组相比，Oc．N／mm^2下降42．80％，有显著性差异（P〈0．01）；％Tb．Ar、Tb．Th、Tb．N和MAR有上升趋势（P〉0．05）；15．Sp，％L．Pm、BFR／BS、BFR／TV和Oc．N／mm，BFR／BV有下降趋势（P〉0．05）。结论 中药骨康具有降低骨转换以及促进骨形成和抑制骨吸收的双重作用，说明中药骨康对骨质疏松有明显的治疗作用。     

中药骨康对去势大鼠骨矿含量和骨密度的影响

本实验旨在观察骨康口服液对通过切除卵巢诱发的绝经后骨质疏松症大鼠模型骨矿含量(BMC)和骨密度(BMD)的影响。通过双能X线扫描．结果显示：给药3个月时骨康组大鼠胫骨干骺端处的BMC和BMD显著高于造模组;骨康高、低剂量组与阳性对照组无显著差异。提示骨康和尼尔雌醇均可显著提高去势大鼠胫骨干骺端处的BMC和BMD．二者作用相当,且BMC和BMD的变化较一致。     

游泳运动对小鼠骨密度值和6种骨元素含量的影响

目的 观察游泳运动对小鼠骨密度值和6种骨元素含量的影响.方法 10月龄健康雌性ICR小鼠随机分为基础对照组(C1)、安静对照组(C2)、每日运动组(S1)和隔日运动组(S2).所有动物适应性饲养2周后,C1组小鼠处死作为基础对照,C2组安静饲养10周,S1组每周无负重自由游泳5天,S2组每周隔日无负重自由游泳3天,游泳时间均为每天1小时.持续运动10周后,对小鼠左侧胫骨、腰椎进行取材,进行骨密度的测试,ICP法对小鼠胫骨钙Ca、镁Mg、铜Cu、锰Mn、锌Zn、硼B等6种元素含量进行测试.结果 (1)运动对小鼠胫骨密度和腰椎骨密度值影响不大,但可降低灰重/干重比值(P＜0.01),提高骨有机质密度(P＜0.01).(2)除了Mg元素外,运动能使Zn、Ca、Cu、Mn、B等元素含量增加,其中Ca和B元素的含量,S2组显著高于S1组(P＜0.05).(3)相关分析显示,胫骨有机质密度与Zn元素含量呈正相关,与Mg元素含量呈负相关;腰椎骨密度与Mn、B元素含量呈显著正相关(P＜0.05).Ca与Mg、Mn、Cu、B等元素具有正相关,Cu、B、Mn三者之间呈显著正相关(P＜0.05).结论 小鼠骨密度和骨元素含量随增龄发生改变,无机成分增加,有机成分减少,提示骨朝脆性增加的方向发展.游泳运动对骨密度值影响不大,但可以通过骨元素的变化影响骨成分.     

复方仙贞汤对去卵巢大鼠模型骨密度和骨形态的影响

目的 研究复方仙贞汤对去卵巢大鼠的骨密度和骨形态的影响。方法 3月龄的雌性SD大鼠，普通饲料喂养1周后，随机分为假手术组（Sham）、模型组（OVX）、尼尔雌醇阳性药物对照组、复方仙贞汤小剂量组、复方仙贞汤中剂量组、复方仙贞汤大剂量组。除假手术组，其余都经背部切开后切除双侧卵巢，制造去卵巢模型（OVX），假手术组则背部切开后切除部分脂肪组织再分层缝合。造模完成后，假手术组及模型组用生理盐水灌胃，阳性药物组用尼尔雌醇混悬液灌胃，复方仙贞汤小、中、大剂量组分别给以6．5g／kg、13g／kg、26g／kg大鼠体重（按生药计算）的复方仙贞汤药液，每日固定上午九点灌胃1次。全部动物共持续喂养3个月后处死，测定股骨的骨密度和胫骨骨体积、胫骨类骨表面，类骨质宽、骨吸收表面。结果 复方仙贞汤组和尼尔雌醇组均较模型组的骨密度显著性增高（P〈0．01），而且复方仙贞汤中剂量组与尼尔雌醇阳性对照组接近。与模型组比较，中药组和尼尔雌醇组的骨体积显著上升（P〈0．01），而类骨表面、类骨质宽和骨吸收表面却显著下降（分别P〈0．01）。结论 复方仙贞汤能提高去卵巢大鼠的骨密度和骨体积，减少类骨质宽、类骨质表面、骨吸收表面，提示复方仙贞汤能起到和尼尔雌醇相似的作用，即降低绝经后骨质疏松的高转换率，从而减慢骨质的丢失。     

补肾中药对骨质疏松大鼠性激素影响的实验研究

目的　探讨补肾中药骨康对去势所造成骨质疏松大鼠性激素及骨密度的影响及性激素水平在骨质疏松发病中的作用。方法　通过切除大鼠睾丸和卵巢造成骨质疏松模型,观察中药骨康不同剂量对骨质疏松大鼠血睾酮（Ｔ）、血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、ＢＭＤ 和ＢＭＣ的影响,并与特乐定、尼尔雌醇作阳性对照。结果　中药骨康高、中剂量防治的去势大鼠Ｔ 含量高于模型组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５ 和０．０１）,高、中、低剂量组的Ｅ２、全身及左、右股骨ＢＭＤ、ＢＭＣ高于模型组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。结论　骨康能提高去势大鼠血性激素含量、骨的骨矿含量及骨密度,其提高骨矿含量及骨密度的作用可能与其提高性激素水平有关。     

益坤精胶囊对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和骨组织中IL-6含量的影响

目的观察补肾中药益坤精胶囊对去卵巢大鼠骨密度的影响,并通过其对骨组织微环境中IL-6含量的影响以探讨其作用机制。方法通过切除大鼠双侧卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症模型。3月龄SD雌性大鼠50只,随机分为5组:假手术组、去卵巢组、尼尔雌醇组、中药高、低剂量组。去卵巢术后1 w,用灌胃法给服益坤精胶囊10w,以尼尔雌醇和生理盐水作为对照,观察各组大鼠骨密度及骨形态学的改变,并以RIA法检测各组大鼠骨组织培养液中IL6的含量。结果 与假手术组比较,去卵巢组骨密度显著下降(P<0.01),骨小梁稀疏断裂,骨组织中IL-6含量明显增高(P<0.01)。与去卵巢组比较,治疗组骨密度明显增高(P<0.01),但仍低于假手术组(P<0.05)。骨组织中IL-6含量显著下降(P<0.05)。骨形态学亦显著改善。结论益坤精胶囊能够抑制骨组织微环境中IL-6的产生,而起到抗骨质疏松的作用。     

Determination of multiple chemical elements in CSF in Parkinson disease after intracerebral autotransplantation of the adrenal medulla]

The contents of indispensable major elements sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), trace elements iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), and other elements lead (Pb), silicon (Si), aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), barium (Ba), lanthanum (La), cadmium (Yb), cerium (Ce), scandium (Sc), silver (Ag), in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in 13 patients suffering from Parkinson disease before and after autotransplantation of adrenal medulla. It was found that while the patients' objective symptoms were relieved and the contents of monoamine transmitters were changed, the contents of P, V, Co, Cr, in CSF increased significantly (P less than 0.05 or 0.01) at the first, 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th week, the contents of Mn in CSF also increased significantly at the first 4th week (P less than 0.05) but decreased significantly at the 8th week the contents of Zn in CSF increased significantly (P less than 0.05) at the 2nd week; Mo increased significantly (P less than 0.05 or 0.01) at the 4th and 8th week B increased significantly (P less than 0.05) at the first week; the contents of Ca, Na, Sr, Ba, Al, Ti, La, Ce, Yb, Sc, Ag in CSF increased significantly (P less than 0.05 or 0.01) at the 8th week, Mg, Fe, Cu Ni, Pb, Si, Cd remained unchanged after operation. The results suggest that the contents of these chemical elements can be affected by this kind of operation, indicating that these elements are involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinsonism.     

胃癌周围淋巴结微量元素变化的研究

目的 研究胃癌组织和癌旁淋巴结微量元素的变化及与胃癌淋巴结转移的关系。方法对40例胃癌患者的胃癌组织、癌转移及无癌转移淋巴结组织进行铁（Fe）、镁（Mg）、锰（Mn）、钙（Ca）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、硒（Se）7种微量元素的测定并进行分析比较。结果胃癌组织、癌转移与无癌转移淋巴结组织中Fe、Mg、Mn、Ca含量比较，差异无统计学意义（P=0．372-0．741，均P〉0．0S）；胃癌组织与癌转移淋巴结的7种微量元素相比，差异无统计学意义（P=0．15—0．59，均P〉0．0S）；癌转移淋巴结与无癌转移淋巴结的微量元素比较，Zn、Se明显下降，Cu及Cu／Zn上升，差异有统计学意义（P=0．001-0．009，均P〈0．01）；癌转移淋巴结中N2站的Zn含量低于N1站Zn，差异有统计学意义（P=0．027）；肠型胃癌中癌转移淋巴结7种微量元素与弥漫型胃癌中癌转移淋巴结比较，差异均无统计学意义（P=0．149-0．758，均P〉0．05）。结论胃癌淋巴结转移过程中伴有体内微量元素的变化；Zn、Cu、Se含量的变化可能与胃癌淋巴结转移机制有关。     

男性不育症患者微量元素含量与精液质量关系的研究

目的探讨不育症患者头发微量元素含量与精液质量的关系。方法用极谱分析法的模拟单扫描方式对发样进行Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg含量测定,并对有关数据进行统计分析。结果不育症患者头发中Zn含量均低于生育组（P〈0.01）,而Cu则相反,Zn与精子密度、活动度呈正相关,而Cu则呈负相关;无、少精子组患者头发Fe和Ca含量与精子密度正常组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;不育症患者Mg含量不论无、少精子组还是活动力异常组与生育组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论头发中微量元素Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mg的含量对男性不育有一定的影响。     

去卵巢大鼠骨组成成分的改变

目的观察切除双侧卵巢后大鼠骨组成成分的改变。方法将27只健康4月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成3组：正常对照组，假去卵巢组和去卵巢组；于切除卵巢后80d，同时将各组动物处死，测其骨矿盐含量，用ICP测其骨元素含量。结果切除双侧卵巢的大鼠骨无机质含量、无机质/cm^3、无机质占骨干重％等均显著减少（P〈0．01），而有机质占骨干重％、有机质，无机质的比值显著升高（P〈0．01）；骨元素Ca、S、Mg、Mn显著减少（P〈0．01）；Zn减少（P〈0．05），C0有减少趋势（P〉0．05）。骨磷显著增加（P〈0．05）。结论切除卵巢后引起骨组成成分特征性的改变。     

Changes in basic metabolic elements associated with the degeneration and ossification of ligamenta flava

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between levels of basic metabolic elements and degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (LF). SUBJECTS: Fourteen consecutive patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis, 11 with ossification of the thoracic ligamenta flava, and 11 control subjects. METHODS: The basic elements of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), and fluoride (F) in the specimens were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry, the phosphomolybdic blue method, and a fluoride-selected electrode. RESULTS: Ca content and the ratio of Ca/Mg in the LF specimens increased significantly in the sequence of control, degeneration, and ossification groups. Compared with values for the control group, the Zn, Mn, and Mo contents in the ossification and degeneration groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01); in contrast, Cu content was significantly higher (P < 0.01). As to F, its content in the specimens of the ossification group was much higher than those in the degeneration and control groups (P < 0.01); the F content in the ligamenta flava and sera from patients with fluorosis was also significantly higher than in those from patients without fluorosis (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, there were no differences in the F content in serum from patients without fluorosis; however, the F content in ligamenta flava specimens from patients without fluorosis was significantly higher (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There are trends in the contents of basic metabolic elements in the degeneration and ossification of ligamenta flava. These basic metabolic elements may play an important role in this process.     

Zn and Cu Content in Human Cancellous Bone

Duplicate cancellous bone samples from the iliac crest were obtained from autopsies of 88 persons with a normal mineral status and 50 having osteoporotic changes due to chronic immobilizing diseases. The following parameters were determined: the mineral density with gamma-ray attenuation, the compressive strength with a strain transducer, the concentrations of Ca, Mg, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Li, Pb, Sr and Zn with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and the concentration of F with an ion-selective electrode. The data were analyzed with linear multiple regression analysis.

Altogether 34.8 per cent of the Zn concentration was accounted for in all the variables. The selected variables, after the nonsignificant and those with very low explanatory power were removed, explained 38.3 per cent. The two most important variables were the F concentration (16.1 per cent) and Cu concentration (13.7 per cent). The third variable was Mn concentration (8.5 per cent). All variables explained 41.7 per cent of the Cu concentration and five selected variables 40.7 per cent, respectively. The concentration of Zn explained itself as much (20.1 per cent) as four other variables (Ca 7.7 per cent, Mn 5.9 per cent, Sr 3.9 per cent and Co 3.2 per cent) together. Age and sex did not significantly affect the concentration of Zn and Cu. No remarkable difference was found between the bone samples representing a normal mineral status and osteoporosis.     

骨康对去卵巢大鼠骨源性碱性磷酸酶和胰岛素样生长因子的影响

目的:探讨骨康对去卵巢大鼠血清中骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的影响,及其治疗骨质疏松症的作用机制.方法:6月龄雌性SD大鼠68只按简单随机方法分为空白组和手术组,分别为22只和46只.空白组行假手术,手术组行卵巢切除术.术后3个月后从两组随机各选出10只大鼠行骨密度检查,以确定造模成功.在确定造模成功后,将手术组中剩下的36只大鼠再随机分为3组,每组12只,分别为手术模型组、雌激素组、中药组.空白组中剩下的12只大鼠为空白对照组.对各组进行灌胃给药治疗,灌胃给药容积为10ml/kg,空白对照组、手术模型组灌服蒸馏水;中药组灌服相应的药物,雌激素组给予尼尔雌醇灌胃.治疗3个月后采取动物血清进行实验指标检测,测定动物血清中E2、IGF-1、BALP含量.结果:雌激素组、中药组血清E2、BALP水平高于手术模型组,其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).而雌激素组与中药组血清E2水平相比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05).中药组血清IGF-1水平高于手术模型组及空白对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:中药骨康能提高去卵巢大鼠血清中雌二醇、胰岛素样生长因子、骨源性碱性磷酸酶水平,间接促进成骨细胞增殖,抑制破骨细胞骨吸收,促进成骨细胞的骨形成功能.     

Changes in Basic Metabolic Elements Associated With the Degeneration and Ossification of Ligamenta Flava

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between levels of basic metabolic elements and degeneration and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (LF).

Subjects: Fourteen consecutive patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis, 11 with ossification of the thoracic ligamenta flava, and 11 control subjects.

Methods: The basic elements of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), and fluoride (F) in the specimens were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry, the phosphomolybdic blue method, and a fluoride-selected electrode.

Results: Ca content and the ratio of Ca/Mg in the LF specimens increased significantly in the sequence of control, degeneration, and ossification groups. Compared with values for the control group, the Zn, Mn, and Mo contents in the ossification and degeneration groups were significantly lower (P < 0.01 ); in contrast, Cu content was significantly higher (P < 0.01 ). As to F, its content in the specimens of the ossification group was much higher than those in the degeneration and control groups (P < 0.01); the F content in the ligamenta flava and sera from patients with fluorosis was also significantly higher than in those from patients without fluorosis (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, there were no differences in the F content in serum from patients without fluorosis; however, the F content in ligamenta flava specimens from patients without fluorosis was significantly higher (P < 0.01).

Conclusions: There are trends in the contents of basic metabolic elements in the degeneration and ossification of ligamenta flava. These basic metabolic elements may play an important role in this process.     

接骨紫金丹对家兔骨折愈合期间几种金属元素的影响

目的　研究中药接骨紫金丹对骨折愈合过程中骨痂内金属元素含量的影响。方法　将 72只家兔造成桡骨中段 3mm缺损的实验性骨折并分为用药组和对照组。在术后 7、 14、 2 1、 2 8、 35和 4 2天 ,采用原子吸收光谱分析法检测骨痂中锌、铜、锰、镁等金属元素的含量。结果　用药组家兔骨痂中几种金属元素含量高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,并在某一时相点形成一定的峰值。结论　接骨紫金丹具有促进家兔对金属元素的吸收和调节骨痂中金属元素分布的作用     

补肾方药对去卵巢雌鼠骨质疏松症防治作用的研究

目的：为验证益肾填精方药“肾虚骨痛胶囊”防治骨质疏松症的疗效和探讨其治疗机理。方法：本文以切除卵巢雌性大鼠复制绝经后骨质疏松症模型，观察该药对去卵巢大鼠抗失骨作用。实验分为模型组、肾虚骨痛胶囊大、小剂量组、骨疏康阳性对照组和正常对照组。术后１周开始给药，持续１２０天。结果：肾虚骨痛胶囊大剂量组，与模型组比较，可以提高模鼠全身及股骨骨密度、股骨灰重、腰椎骨小梁体积、股骨无机元素 Ｃａ、 Ｐ、 Ｍｇ、 Ｚｎ、 Ｃｕ、 Ｍｎ含量，血清Ｅ_２含量用药后有增高之趋势，但与模型组比较无统计学差异。结论：肾虚骨痛胶囊可通过体内多方位调节作用达到预防和抑制骨质疏松症的发生和发展，具有较好的应用前景。