肝脏肿瘤细胞诱导T淋巴细胞PD-1表达及功能研究

目的研究肝脏肿瘤细胞系细胞HepG2细胞与HepG2．2．15细胞对T淋巴细胞程序性死亡分子1（PD-1）表达的影响及PD-1的作用。方法HepG2细胞、HepG2．2．15细胞分别和Jurkat细胞共同培养后,标记流式抗体,流式细胞检测仪检测Jurkat细胞PD-1的表达,ELISA检测并比较阻断组与对照组培养上清中细胞因子含量,单核细胞直接细胞毒性测定法检测并比较阻断组与对照组T淋巴细胞杀伤能力即OD值的改变。结果肝脏肿瘤细胞能诱导T淋巴细胞PD-1的表达,共培养2d时表达率分别为16．17％±2．5％（HepG2细胞）和17．43％±2．2％（HepG2．2．15细胞）;阻断组培养上清中IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-10浓度分别为202．9±53．0pg/ml、88．6±4．6pg/ml和63．7±13．4pg／ml,均明显高于对照组（102．9±53．0pg/ml、39．3±4．2pg/ml和34．6±13．7pg/m1）,P〈0．05;阻断组Jurkat细胞对HepG2．2．15细胞杀伤的OD值为0．29±0．06,明显高于对照组（0．19±0．09）,P〈0．05。结论肝脏肿瘤细胞能诱导T淋巴细胞PD-1的表达;阻断PD-1／PD—L1能提高T淋巴细胞分泌细胞因子的量和杀伤能力。     

没药甾酮对人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖和凋亡的影响

目的研究没药甾酮对人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖和凋亡的影响。方法以正常人肝细胞L-02作为对照,采用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐法观察不同浓度没药甾酮（5～100μmol/L）对人肝癌细胞HepG2和L-02细胞增殖的影响并观察细胞形态的变化;应用流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化和凋亡发生。结果不同浓度没药甾酮均可显著抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2生长,并呈时间、剂量依赖性,最大抑制率可达81.9%±1.92%（100μmol/L）;没药甾酮可使G0/G1期细胞比例增多,G2/M期细胞比例下降,可将细胞阻滞于G0/G1期;没药甾酮诱导人肝癌细胞HepG2发生凋亡,50μmol/L和75μmol/L没药甾酮早期细胞凋亡率分别为24.91%±2.41%、53.03%±2.28%,与对照组相比,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论没药甾酮可抑制人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖并诱导凋亡,其作用可能与干扰细胞周期有关。     

乙型肝炎病毒对自然杀伤细胞免疫活性的影响

目的 了解HBV对NK细胞免疫功能的影响.方法 健康者外周血来源的NK细胞单独培养,或与浆样树突状细胞(pDC)共同培养(NK∶ pDC=5∶1)48 h,加入HepG2.2.15细胞来源的HBV.流式细胞技术测定细胞活性分子的表达,ELISA和细胞内细胞因子染色法(ICS)测定细胞因子含量,检测NK细胞对K562靶细胞的杀伤能力以及NK细胞内穿孔素和颗粒酶的含量以判定NK细胞的杀伤毒性.Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行配对样本分析.结果 HBV对细胞因子(IL-12/IL-18,IL-18/IFNα)活化的NK细胞分泌IFNγ无直接的抑制作用(均P＞0.05).CpG寡脱氧核酸能促进pDC诱导的NK细胞产生IFNγ (1135.4 pg/mL),而HBV对pDC诱导的NK细胞分泌IFNγ具有显著的抑制作用(146.1 pg/mL,P=0.0005).HBV并不影响pDC介导的NK细胞表面活性分子的表达,也不影响pDC介导的NK细胞对K562靶细胞的杀伤毒性以及NK细胞内穿孔素和颗粒酶的含量.结论 HBV并不激活,而是显著抑制pDC诱导的NK细胞分泌IFNγ,从而增加HBV持续感染的可能性.     

鞭毛蛋白致肺微血管内皮细胞炎症诱发共培养肺泡上皮细胞炎症的级联放大效应与信号传导通路

目的探讨鞭毛蛋白感染后炎症级联放大效应与信号传导通路。方法建立Transwell共培养体系,将人肺微血管内皮细胞株（ human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, HPMECs ）接种于Transwell小室的下层,培养2h后,将人Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞A549细胞株接种于小室的上层与HPMECs共培养15d。实验分为3组：HPMECs与A549细胞共培养空白对照组、鞭毛蛋白（2μg／mL）感染HPMECs再与A549细胞共培养组（实验组I）、HPMECs加DAPT（Notch信号阻断剂,终浓度10μmol／L）预处理再行鞭毛蛋白感染与A549细胞共培养组（实验组Ⅱ）。用ELISA法检测各组HPMECs和A549细胞培养上清液TNF-α蛋白表达,检测HPMECs上清液Notchl蛋白表达水平。结果与共培养空白对照组比较,鞭毛蛋白感染HPMECs后,共培养HPMECs和A549细胞上清液TNF-α蛋白[（11．45±1．59）pg／mLvs（6．13土0．86）pg／mL,（P〈0．01）、（9．93±1．46）pg／mLvs（5．895：0．83）pg／mL,（P〈0．01）]和HPMECs上清液中Notchl蛋白[（7．03±1．06）pg／mL坩（5．39±0．76）pg／mL,（P〈0．05）]表达水平皆明显升高,提示鞭毛蛋白引起HPMECs炎症,且向A549细胞传导级联放大,而HPMECs使用Notch信号阻断剂处理后,HPMECs上清液Notchl蛋白表达水平明显降低[（3．78±0．53）pg／mLvs（7．03±1．06）pg／mL,（P〈0．01）],共培养A549细胞上清液TNF-α蛋白表达水平也显著下降[（7．47±1．05）pg／mL坩（9．93±1．46）pg／mL,（P〈0．05）],表明HPMECs炎症反应经过Notch信号通路传导向A549细胞级联放大。结论鞭毛蛋白感染肺微血管内皮细胞能引起炎症反应,并可能经过Notch信号通路传导向肺泡上皮细胞级联放大。     

实验性过敏性鼻炎大鼠血浆细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ时相的变化

目的研究大鼠过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhintis,AR）模型外周血T辅助细胞（T helper cell,Th细胞）1/Th2细胞因子—干扰素-γ（interferon-γ,INF-γ）和白细胞介素-4（interleukin-4,IL-4）水平在不同阶段的变化,探索AR的发病机制。方法健康雌性SD大鼠20只,随机等分成实验组和对照组。实验组用卵蛋白辅以氢氧化铝和灭活百日咳杆菌佐剂致敏,用1%的卵蛋白生理盐水溶液滴鼻激发,建立AR模型。对照组用实验组等量氢氧化铝和灭活百日咳杆菌生理盐水溶液腹腔注射,等量生理盐水滴鼻。激发后2、4、8、12、24、36和72小时及第6、8和10天,自尾静脉采血,每次0.5ml,分离血浆,用ELISA法检测血浆IL-4和INF-γ的量。结果实验组10只大鼠中8只被激发为AR模型,激发后4小时血浆IL-4水平（8.7±7.2pg/ml）较对照组（6.1±4.7pg/ml）明显升高（P〈0.05）;第8天达到（14.2±9.5）pg/ml,与对照组（5.7±4.6）pg/ml比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）,此后始终维持在此水平。实验组血浆INF-γ在激发后4小时亦升高,12小时达到最高水平（10.6±8.1pg/ml）,较对照组（7.4±6.3pg/ml）明显升高（P〈0.05）,然后逐渐下降。结论外周血淋巴细胞产生的细胞因子IL-4和INF-γ在AR炎症发生发展中起重要作用,INF-γ在炎症早期可能起主导作用,而IL-4在AR炎症晚期可能发挥主要作用,IL-4和INF-γ在炎症的整个过程中存在时相变化。     

小檗碱靶向HDAC/H3K9ac/KLF4抑制棕榈酸诱导的HepG2脂肪变性体外实验研究*

目的 探讨小檗碱(BBR)调控HDAC/H3K9ac/KLF4对棕榈酸(PA)诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)细胞模型的保护作用及其可能的机制。方法 应用PA诱导HepG2细胞构建NAFLD细胞模型,采用油红O染色法测定细胞脂肪变,采用Western blot法检测细胞HDAC1、H3K9ac、KLF4、SREBP-1c和PPARγ表达,使用染色质免疫沉淀技术(ChIP)测定KLF4启动子区H3K9ac水平,采用ELISA检测细胞培养上清细胞因子,采用SiRNA技术沉默KLF4基因验证BBR 靶向HDAC/H3K9ac/KLF4对PA诱导的HepG2细胞脂肪变的保护作用。结果 与模型组比,BBR处理使PA诱导的HepG2细胞脂质沉积显著改善,培养上清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平分别为(514.7±46.4)pg/ml、(241.5±37.7)pg/ml和(362.7±19.9)pg/ml, 均显著低于模型组【分别为(1162.0±110.8)pg/ml、(635.8±73.4)pg/ml和(1110.0±85.1)pg/ml,P＜0.001】;与模型组比,BBR干预组HDAC1蛋白表达降低了19.0%,而H3K9ac和KLF4蛋白表达增加了1.53倍和1.52倍,KLF4启动子区H3K9ac水平增加了3.97倍,脂质合成相关基因SREBP-1c蛋白表达降低了49.1%,脂质分解相关基因PPARγ蛋白表达增加了1.84倍;与空质粒转染组比,转染真核表达质粒细胞HDAC1蛋白表达水平增加了2.02倍,而H3K9ac蛋白表达水平降低了57.1%;与SiRNA-NC转染组比,转染SiRNA-KLF4的HepG2细胞KLF4蛋白表达水平显著下降(P＜0.01),而细胞脂质沉积显著增加,培养上清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平分别为(887.9±89.9)pg/ml、(471.9±38.4)pg/ml和(793.1±59.3)pg/ml, 均显著高于SiRNA-NC转染组【分别为(534.2±46.1)pg/ml、(260.3±26.9)pg/ml和(372.0±30.6)pg/ml,P＜0.01】,脂质合成相关基因SREBP-1c蛋白表达增加了1.77倍,而脂质分解相关基因PPARγ蛋白表达降低了41.6%。结论 本研究结果提示BBR可能通过调节PA诱导的HepG2细胞HDAC/ H3K9AC表达,激活了KLF4,抑制了细胞内炎症反应和脂质沉积,为临床干预NAFLD提供了新的思路。     

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7, MDA-7/IL-24, selectively induces growth suppression, apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 by replication-incompetent adenovirus vector

AIM: To investigate the effect of replication-incompetent adenovirus vector expressing MDA-7/IL-24 on tumor growth and apoptosis in human hepatoceliular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HepG2 and normal liver cell line L02. METHODS: We constructed the recombinant replication-incompetent Ad.mda-7 virus vector and infected it into the human HCC cell line HepG2 and normal liver cell line L02. RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expressing in cells. by ELISA was used to detect MDA-7/ IL-24 protein expression in the culture supernatant. The effect of apoptosis induced by Ad.mda-7 was confirmed by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry assay with An-nexin-V and PI staining. MTT assay was used to determine growth inhibition of HepG2 cells, and cell-cycle and hypodiploidy analyses were performed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Recombinant replication-defective virus expressing MDA-7/IL-24 was constructed successfully. RT-PCR showed that the Ad.mda-7 could mediate the expression of the exogenous gene MDA-7/IL-24 into HepG2 and L02. The concentration of MDA-7/IL-24 protein in supernatant was 130 pg/mL and 110 pg/mL in Ad.mda-7-infected L02 and HepG2 cells, respectively. Ad.mda-7 infection obviously induced apoptosis (from 2.60±0.72% to 33.6±13.2%, P= 0.00012) and growth suppression in HepG2 (inhibition ratio IR = 68%) and an increase in the percentage of specific cancer cell types at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle (from 6.44% to 32.29%, P<0.01), but not in L02 cells. CONCLUSION: These results confirm selectively induction of apoptosis and growth suppression by the mda-7/ IL-24 gene with replication-incompetent adenovirus vector in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2.     

聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a联合阿德福韦酯治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎疗效预测因素分析

目的 分析聚乙二醇干扰素（PEG-IFNα-2a）联合阿德福韦酯（ADV）治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者48 w时的疗效及其预测因素。方法 将196例HBeAg阳性CHB患者分为PEG-IFNα-2a治疗64例,ADV治疗66例和PEG-IFNα-2a联合ADV治疗66例,疗程均为48 w。采用ELISA法检测INF-γ和IL-10;采用Achitect（Abbott）微粒子化学发光免疫分析法检测HBeAg定量。结果 在治疗48 w时,联合组HBV DNA阴转率、HBeAg阴转率、HBeAg转换率和ALT复常率分别为74.2%、24.2%、48.5%和80.3%,显著高于干扰素组（53.1%、10.9%、29.7%和54.7%,P<0.05）和阿德福韦组（62.1%、13.6%、9.1%和65.2%,P<0.05）;联合组INF-γ水平为（45.3±11.3） pg/ml,显著高于干扰素组[（37.1±10.3） pg/ml,P<0.05]和阿德福韦组[（36.3±11.5） pg/ml,P<0.05];联合组IL-10水平为（10.3±14.6） pg/ml,显著低于干扰素组[（17.1±11.3） pg/ml,P<0.05]和阿德福韦组[（18.3±10.5） pg/ml,P<0.05];联合组治疗48 w时HBeAg血清学转换与治疗24 w时HBeAg水平下降的百分比有关,即治疗24 w时HBeAg水平较基线下降大于89.1%的阳性预测值为88.7%,阴性预测值（NPV）为81.9%,灵敏度为83.1%,特异度为87.9%。结论 PEG-IFNα-2a联合ADV治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎能增强机体细胞免疫应答,疗效优于单药治疗,其中治疗24 w时HBeAg下降的百分比可预测48 w时的疗效。     

霉菌性阴道炎患者体内真菌分布、T淋巴细胞及相关细胞因子水平变化特点及意义

目的探讨霉菌性阴道炎患者体内真菌分布、T淋巴细胞及炎性细胞因子水平变化特点及意义。方法选取2017年1月—12月在我院治疗的霉菌性阴道炎患者182例作为观察组,同时选取女性健康志愿者110例作为对照组,检测2组受试者阴道分泌物中T淋巴细胞及细胞因子水平,同时对观察组阴道分泌物进行真菌培养。结果 182例患者中,病原菌以白色念珠菌为主,占43.41%;观察组阴道分泌物CD3~+、CD4~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞水平分别为(52.12±10.45)%、(33.30±8.23)%和(25.10±9.22)%,明显低于对照组(P均0.05);观察组阴道分泌物IL-2、TNF-α和IFN-γ分别为(7.21±1.42)pg/ml、(17.90±4.55)pg/ml和(19.81±4.50)pg/ml,明显低于对照组(P均0.05),而IL-4和IL-10分别为(40.32±8.33)pg/ml和(25.66±4.33)pg/ml,明显高于对照组(P均0.05);复杂性霉菌性阴道炎患者阴道分泌物CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+T淋巴细胞以及IL-2、TNF-α和INF-γ水平明显低于普通霉菌性阴道炎患者(P均0.05),而IL-4和IL-10明显高于普通霉菌性阴道炎患者(P均0.05)。结论霉菌性阴道炎病原体以白色念珠菌为主,Th1/Th2细胞介导的细胞免疫参与了疾病过程。     

重型再生障碍性贫血患者树突细胞刺激异体淋巴细胞增殖的功能

目的 了解重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)患者树突细胞(DC)刺激异体淋巴细胞增殖的功能,探讨SAA的免疫病理机制.方法 以25例SAA患者和12例正常对照者为研究对象,以重组人白介素-4(rhIL-4)、重组人粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM-CSF)和重组人肿瘤坏死因子(rhTNF)体外诱导骨髓单核细胞分化为成熟髓细胞样DC(mDC),与正常淋巴细胞按1:100、1:50作混合淋巴细胞培养(MLR),噻唑兰(MTT)比色法计算淋巴细胞增殖率.ELISA法检测MLR培养上清IL-12、干扰素γ(IFNγ)浓度.分析MLR上清液IL-4、IFNγ水平与淋巴细胞增殖率相关性.结果 SAA初治组、恢复组和对照组mDC与淋巴细胞1:100混合培养时,淋巴细胞增殖率分别为(219.8 ±94.0)%、(159.1 ±66.0)%、(160.1 ±91.9)%,培养上清IL-12水平分别为(8.2±3.6)ng/L、(6.5±2.8)ng/L、(6.1±2.6)ng/L,IFNγ,水平分别为(21.8 ±8.7)ng/L、(25.5±9.1)ng/L和(22.6±7.8)ng/L3组差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).初治组、恢复组和对照组mDC与淋巴细胞1:50混合培养时,淋巴细胞增殖率分别为(322.1±171.1)%、(180.9±79.1)%、(192.3 ±91.9)%,培养上清IL-12水平分别为(12.6 ±4.4)ng/L、(9.4 ±3.3)ng/L、(8.5 ±3.7)ng/L,IFNγ,水平分别为(32.3 ±9.2)ng/L、(27.4 ±6.5)ng/L、(24.4 ±7.4)ng/L,3项指标初治组均高于对照组(P<0.05),恢复组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).MLR上清液IL-12水平与淋巴细胞增殖率呈正相关(r=0.529,P<0.01);MLR上清液IFNγ水平与淋巴细胞增殖率旱正相关(r=0.381,P<0.05).结论 SAA患者mDC刺激淋巴细胞增殖功能增强,在SAA发病中起重要作用.     

Exogenous phosphatidylethanolamine induces apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells via the bcl-2/bax pathway

AIM： To investigate the signaling pathways implicated in phosphatidylethanolamine （PE）-induced apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. METHODS： Inhibitory effects of PE on human hepatoma HepG2 cells were detected by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential （△ψm） were analyzed by flow cytometry. Immunocytochemical assay and Western blotting were used to examine Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 protein levels in HepG2 cells treated with PE. RESULTS： PE inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner. It did not affect the cell cycle, but induced apoptosis. PE significantly decreased △ψm at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mmol/L, respectively, suggesting that PE induces cell apoptosis by decreasing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The Bcl-2 expression level induced by different concentrations of PE was lower than that in control groups. However, the Bax expression level induced by PE was higher than that in the control group. Meanwhile, PE increased the caspase-3 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION： Exogenous PE induces apoptosis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells via the bcl-2/bax pathway.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者肠源性内毒素血症与树突状细胞表型及功能的关系

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者树突状细胞(DC)与肠源性内毒素血症(IETM)的关系.方法 CHB患者80例,健康对照者21例,采集外周血,测定血浆内毒素含量、ALT、TBil.根据血浆内毒素水平,将患者分为内毒素阳性组和阴性组.同时用重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、重组人白细胞介素-4、酪氨酸激酶受体3配体和TNF-a体外诱导、培养CHB患者DC,采用流式细胞仪检测DC表型,混合淋巴细胞反应检测DC刺激T淋巴细胞的能力,用ELISA检测DC分泌细胞因子的水平.多组间比较采用单因素方差分析.结果 CHB患者DC表达CD83、CD80、CD86和人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-DR分子的水平及诱导同种异体混合T淋巴细胞增殖的能力均明显低于健康对照组.内毒素阳性组患者表达CD83、CD80、CD86、HLA-DR水平及诱导T淋巴细胞增殖的能力分别为(8.25±3.63)%、(10.63±4.52)%、(36.61±16.16)%、(61.65±14.33)%、0.812±0.311,明显低于内毒素阴性组的(11.39±4.35)%、(13.56±5.13)%、(45.90±15.35)%、(70.35±18.89)%、1.153±0.324(F=5.123、4.213、3.714、3.323、3.125,均P＜0.05).培养至第9天,CHB患者DC分泌IL-12和IFN-γ分别为(16.99±6.74)pg/mL和(10.52±4.19)pg/mL,明显低于健康者的(44.51±14.56)pg/mL和(17.94±5.86)pg/mL.内毒素阳性组患者IL-12水平为(13.14±5.71)pg/mL,明显低于内毒素阴性组的(20.98±9.03)pg/mL(F=3.225,P=0.016).IFN-γ水平在内毒素阳性组为(9.46±3.24)pg/mL,与阴性组的(11.54±5.20)pg/mL比较,差异无统计学意义(F=2.003,P=0.076).结论 IETM是导致CHB患者体内DC功能异常的原因之一.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between dendritic cell (DC)and intestinal endotoxemia in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Peripheral blood were collected from CHB patients (n = 80)and healthy controls (n = 21 ).Plasma endotoxin (ET)levels,liver function (alanine transaminase,total bilirubin)were detected.According to plasma ET concentration,all CHB patients were divided into two groups:ET positive and ET negative.The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)were isolated and then cultured with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( rhGM-CSF),recombinant human interleukin-4 ( rhIL-4 ),FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)to derive DC.The phenotypic patterns were characterized by flow cytometry.The proliferation of T lymphocytes was evaluated with mixed leukocytes reaction (MLR)and the levels of IL-12 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)produced by DC were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Comparisons among the two groups and healthy control group were done by single factor analysis of variance.Results Compared to healthy controls,the expressions of CD83,CD80,CD86,human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and the proliferation of allogeneic T lymphocytes by DC were all significantly reduced in CHB patient groups.The expressions of CD83,CD80,CD86,HLA-DR and the activation of proliferation in ET positive subjects were lower than those in ET negative subjects [CD83 (8.25±3.63)% vs(11.39±4.35)% ,CD80 (10.63±4.52)% vs (13.56±5.13)%,CD86 (36.61±16.16)% vs (45.90±15.35)%,HLA-DR (61.65±14.33)% vs (70.35±18.89)%,the activation of proliferation0.812±0.311 vs 1.153±0.324; F=5.123,4.213,3.714,3.323 and 3.125,respectively; all P＜0.05].After cultured for 9 days,the secretions of IL-12 and IFN-γ by DC were significantly lower in CHB patients than in healthy controls [IL-12 (16.99± 6.74)pg/mL vs (44.51±14.56)pg/mL,IFN-γ (10.52±4.19)pg/mL vs (17.94±5.86)pg/mL].The level of IL-12 in the ET positive group was significantly lower than that ET negative group [( 13.14 ±5.71)pg/mL vs (20.98 ± 9.03)pg/mL; F= 3.225,P = 0.016].The level of IFN-γ was not different between two groups [(9.46 ± 3.24)pg/mL vs (11.54 ± 5.20)pg/mL; F = 2.003,P =0.076].Conclusion The intestinal endotoxemia may play a role in DC dysfunction in CHB patients.     

肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的树突状细胞瘤苗体外诱导特异性抗肝癌免疫

目的 探讨肝癌患者肿瘤细胞裂解物致敏的树突状细胞(DC)瘤苗体外诱导自体T淋巴细胞特异性抗肝癌免疫效应。 方法 从肝癌患者外周血单个核细胞中诱导D C,用重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rhGM-CSF)和白细胞介素-4(rhIL-4)刺激活化,经自体肝癌细胞裂解物致敏。用流式细胞仪检测D C细胞表面分子的表达,酶联免疫吸附法检测T淋巴细胞培养上清液中干扰素(I F N)γ和白细胞介索-12(IL-12)的含量,液体闪烁计数仪测定肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的D C刺激自体T淋巴细胞增殖效应,四甲基偶氮唑盐法检测肝癌细胞裂解物致敏D C诱导的细胞毒T淋巴细胞对自体肝癌细胞的特异性杀伤作用。 结果 肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的DC瘤苗可上调DC表面CD1 a、CD40、CD86和人类白细胞抗原-DR分子表达水平,其与T淋巴细胞共培养产生的IFN γ、IL-12的浓度明显高于未致敏的D C组(t值分别为2.30、2.14,P<0.05),肝癌细胞裂解物组(t值分别为14.01、15.40,P<0.01)和对照组(t值分别为14.85、16.87,P<0.01)。同时肝癌细胞裂解物致敏的瘤苗可明显诱导T淋巴细胞的增殖,其诱导的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞对自体肝癌细胞的杀伤率(81.72％±9.49％)显著高于对HepG2的杀伤率(49.37％±11.21％)和人鼻咽癌肿瘤细胞的杀伤率(17.14％±5.65％),P<0.01。 结论 肝癌细胞     

抗结核治疗对肺结核患者Th17/Treg的影响

目的分析抗结核治疗前后肺结核患者外周血(CD3+CD4+IL-17+)辅助性T细胞17(Th17)和(CD4+CD25+Foxp3+)调节性T细胞(Treg)平衡状态的变化及其临床意义。方法收集本院2014年10月至2015年5月感染科收治的肺结核患者80例,选择30例健康体检者作为对照组。流式细胞术检测患者抗结核药物治疗前、治疗6个月以及对照组的外周血Th17细胞和Treg细胞的表达,ELISA检测外周血中IL-17A的表达。结果流式结果显示,治疗前肺结核患者外周血Th17细胞,Treg细胞表达率为分别为(1.18±0.74)%、(7.68±0.92)%,均明显低于健康体检者((3.95±1.17)%,(4.17±1.12)%,P0.05);治疗6个月后肺结核患者外周血Th17细胞,Treg细胞表达率分别为(2.98±1.42)%,(5.26±0.72)%,均明显高于治疗前、但仍显著低于健康体检者(P0.05)。治疗前肺结核患者Th17/Treg为0.15±0.21,明显低于健康体检者(0.95±0.45,P0.05);治疗6个月后肺结核患者Th17/Treg为0.56±0.39,明显高于治疗前、但仍显著低于健康体检者(P0.05)。ELISA检测结果显示,治疗6个月后肺结核患者外周血IL-17A表达水平为39.06±5.83 pg/m L,明显高于治疗前、但仍显著低于健康体检者(P0.05)。结论结核分枝杆菌可破坏肺结核患者机体Th17/Treg平衡,抗结核治疗可缓解患者外周血Th17/Treg失衡状态。     

鸦胆子油注射液对 H22细胞增殖的抑制作用及其机制探讨

目的：探讨鸦胆子油注射液在体内外对 H22细胞增殖的抑制作用及其作用机制。方法取 H22细胞培养,采用 MTT 法检测鸦胆子油对细胞增殖的影响;应用 H22细胞建立小鼠荷瘤模型,给予鸦胆子油治疗,计算抑瘤率、脾脏指数和胸腺指数,采用 MTT 法检测鸦胆子油对荷瘤小鼠脾细胞增殖的影响,采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA 法检测荷瘤鼠血清 TNF-α水平,采用放射免疫分析法检测转化生长因子（TGF）-α水平。结果鸦胆子油在（10~160）μg/ml 浓度范围内对 H22细胞的增殖抑制率为34.1%~52.31%,与对照组比有统计学意义;给予鸦胆子油25和50 mg＆#183;kg-1灌胃后,荷瘤小鼠瘤质量分别为（1.095±0.301） g 和（0.920±0.250） g,血清 TGF-α分别为（11.172±0.639） pg/ml 和（14.438±0.587） pg/ml,均较未治疗荷瘤动物显著下降[分别为（1.867±0.554） g 和（16.354±0.762） pg/ml],TNF-α水平分别为（28.132±2.456） pg/ml 和（26.521±3.267） pg/ml,较未治疗荷瘤动物显著升高[（20.231±2.614） pg/ml,P〈0.05];与对照组比,无论是 Con A 还是 LPS 刺激,荷瘤动物脾细胞增殖受到抑制（P〈0.05）。与荷瘤动物比,鸦胆子油体内给药则可促进脾细胞增殖,但对脾脏指数和胸腺指数无明显影响。结论鸦胆子油体内外均能抑制肝癌 H22细胞的生长,其抗肿瘤作用可能与改善荷瘤小鼠的脾细胞功能有关。     

血清白介素1和γ干扰素的检测对肺结核的诊断价值

目的探讨血清白介素1(IL-1)和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的检测在肺结核诊断中的意义。方法采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测42例肺结核患者和27例健康人血清中IL-1和IFN-γ的水平。结果与健康人组相比较,肺结核组血清中IL-1[(78.21±27.13)pg/mL vs(8.80±6.94)pg/mL]和IFN-γ[(56.85±20.62)pg/mL vs(29.11±31.52)pg/mL]的水平均明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论血清IL-1和IFN-γ的测定有助于肺结核患者的诊断。     

Notch1 downregulation combined with interleukin-24 inhibits invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM: To confirm the anti-invasion and anti-migration effects of down-regulation of Notch1 combined with interleukin(IL)-24 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells.METHODS: γ-secretase inhibitors(GSIs) were used to down-regulate Notch1.Hep G2 and SMMC7721 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and treated with GSI-I or/and IL-24 for 48 h.Cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The cellular and nuclear morphology was observed under a fluorescence microscope.To further verify the apoptotic phenotype,cell cultures were also analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining.The expression of Notch1,SNAIL1,SNAIL2,E-cadherin,IL-24,XIAP and VEGF was detected by Western blot.The invasion and migration capacities of HCC cells were detected by wound healing assays.Notch1 and Snail were downregulated by RNA interference,and the target proteins were analyzed by Western blot.To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis,we analyzed Hep G2 cells treated with si Notch1 or si CON plus IL-24 or not for 48h by caspase-3/7 activity luminescent assay.RESULTS: GSI-I at a dose of 2.5 μmol/L for 24 h caused a reduction in cell viability of about 38% in Hep G2 cells.The addition of 50 ng/m L IL-24 in combination with 1 or 2.5 μmol/L GSI-I reduced cell viability of about 30% and 15%,respectively.Treatment with IL-24 alone did not induce any cytotoxic effect.In SMMC7721 cells with the addition of IL-24 to GSI-I(2.5 μmol/L),the reduction of cell viability was only about 25%.Following GSI-I/IL-24 combined treatment for 6 h,the apoptotic rate of Hep G2 cells was 47.2%,while no significant effect was observed in cells treated with the compounds employed separately.Decreased expression of Notch1 and its associated proteins SNAIL1 and SNAIL2 was detected in Hep G2 cells.Increased E-cadherin protein expression was noted in the presence of IL-24 and GSI-I.Furthermore,the increased GSI-I and IL-24 in Hep G2 cell was associated with downregulation of MMP-2,XIAP and VEGF.In the absence of treatment,Hep G2 cells could migrate into the scratched space in 24 h.With IL-24 or GSI-I treatment,the wound was still open after 24 h.And the distance of the wound closure strongly correlated with the concentrations of IL-24 and GSI-I.Treatment of Notch-1 silenced Hep G2 cells with 50 ng/m L IL-24 alone for 48 h induced cytotoxic effects very similar to those observed in non-silenced cells treated with GSI-I/IL-24 combination.Caspase-3/7 activity was increased in the presence of si Notch1 plus IL-24 treatment.CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of Notch1 by GSI-I or si RNA combined with IL-24 can sensitize apoptosis and decrease the invasion and migration capabilities of Hep G2 cells.     

羟氯喹抑制紫外线诱导的系统性红斑狼疮CD4+T细胞白细胞介素-10和干扰素-γ的表达

目的 研究紫外线对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)CD4+T细胞因子的影响和羟氯喹的抑制作用.方法 选择SLE 30例,健康对照10名.磁珠分选SLE患者和健康人的CD4+T细胞,紫外线311 nm窄谱中波紫外线暴露,加入羟氯喹共培养,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测培养上清白细胞介素(IL)-10和干扰素-γ的表达水平.采用t检验进行统计学分析.结果 SLE患者CD4+T细胞IL-10表达高于健康对照[(27±4)和(18±3) pg/ml,P=0.011];经45、100 mJ/cm2紫外线暴露后,SLE活动患者CD4+T细胞IL-10表达升高[(27±4)和(77±42) pg/ml,(40±18)和(77±42) pg/ml,P=0.022,P=0.048],经100 mJ/cm2紫外线暴露后,活动患者CD4+T细胞IL-10表达高于稳定患者[(77±42)和(24±4)pg/ml,P=0.029];羟氯喹降低SLE活动患者CD4+T细胞IL-10和干扰素-γ表达[(2.6±4.0)和(17.9±2.3)pg/ml,P=0.018,P=-0.017)];羟氯喹降低经45,100 mJ/cm2紫外线暴露后SLE活动患者T细胞IL-10表达[(40±18)和(22±6)pg/ml,(77±42)和(21±5) pg/ml,P=0.037,P=0.04];羟氯喹降低经100 mJ/cm2紫外线暴露的SLE活动和稳定患者T细胞干扰素-γ表达[(18±3)和(13±14) pg/ml,(19±7)和(12±5) pg/ml,P=0.013,P=0.049].结论 紫外线加重SLE患者体内Th1/Th2细胞因子的比例失衡;羟氯喹抑制了紫外线诱发SLE患者干扰素-γ和IL-10的表达.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in ultraviolet B (UVB)- induced expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ from CD4+T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty patients with SLE and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. CD4+ T cells were isolated using magnetic beads from SLE patients and healthy controls. HCQ was added in culture media before and after irradiation with UVB 311 nm narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). The levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in the supernatant were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA). Comparisons between groups were performed by t-test. Results The level of IL-10 was higher in SLE patients [(27±4) pg/ml] than that in healthy controls [(18±3) pg/ml, P=0.011]. After exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 45 or 100 mJ/cm2 dosages, the level of IL-10 was increased significantly in patients with active disease (P=0.022, P=0.048). After exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 100 mJ/cm2 dosages, the levels of IL-10 was higher in patients with active disease [(77±42) pg/ml] than patients with stable disease [(24± 4) pg/ml, P=0.029]. When CD4+ T cell were cultured with HCQ, IL-10 and IFN-γ levels in patients with active disease [(2.6±4.0), (17.5±2.3) pg/ml] were decreased significantly (P=0.018, P=0.017). HCQ reversed UVB-induced IL-10 expression in active SLE patients after exposure of CD4+T cells to UVB in 45 or 100 mJ/cm2 dosages (P=0.037, P=0.04). HCQ also reversed UVB-induced IFN-7 expression in active SLE patients and stable SLE patients after exposure to CD4+T cells with UVB in 100 mJ/cm2 dosages (P=0.013, P= 0.049). Conclusion UVB can aggravate the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. HCQ inhibits UVB-induced IL-10 and IFN-7 expression of CD4+T cells in patients with SLE, especially in patients with active disease.     

Th17淋巴细胞对甲型H1N1流行性感冒病毒清除作用的探讨

目的 探讨甲型H1N1流行性感冒(流感)患者Th17淋巴细胞表型、比例及其与病毒清除之间的关系.方法 将甲型H1N1流感患者70例、季节性流感患者30例、健康对照者68例分别纳入3组.通过细胞内染色,流式细胞技术测定3组人群外周血Th1、Th2、Th17、调节性T细胞(Treg)淋巴细胞比例;ELISA法测定血浆及外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清液中的IFN-γ、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、IL-6水平;RT-PCR检测鼻咽拭子甲型H1N1流感病毒载量.统计学方法采用单因素方差分析和线性相关分析.结果 甲型H1N1流感患者Th17淋巴细胞比例为(2.740±0.210)%,较健康对照者的(3.443±0.154)%及季节性流感患者的(3.443±0.277)%显著下降(F=4.242,P＜0.05),而3组间Th1、Th2、Treg淋巴细胞比例无明显差异;甲型H1N1流感患者血浆TGF-β水平为(10±8)ng/mL,较健康者的(43±32)ng/mL及季节性流感患者的(18±10)ng/mL显著下降(F=17.72,P＜0.01);甲型H1N1流感患者PBMC中TGF-β水平为(782±736)pg/mL,较健康者的(1462±315)pg/mL及季节性流感患者的(1481±348)pg/mL显著下降(F=5.730,P＜0.01);Th17淋巴细胞比例与病毒清除时间呈负相关(r=-0.38,P=0.02).结论 甲型H1N1流感患者Th17淋巴细胞比例显著降低,且与TGF-β水平密切相关,其降低可能导致机体延长排毒时间.     

格尔德霉素体外抑制人肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖并促进凋亡

目的研究格尔德霉素对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法不同浓度格尔德霉素与人肝癌HepG2细胞共培养,采用MTT法检测增殖抑制率;采用流式细胞术Annexin V法检测细胞凋亡率。结果在0.2、0.4和0.8μmol/L浓度下,格尔德霉素均显著抑制HepG2细胞的增殖,在干预细胞48h后,其抑制率分别为20.36%、29.45%和42.52%,抑制率随药物浓度增加而升高;同时,细胞凋亡率分别为4.82%、24.47%和53.64%,也呈剂量依赖性,与相应对照组比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论格尔德霉素可抑制肝癌HepG2细胞增殖并诱导其调亡。