T细胞无能与凋亡关系初探

目的：探讨无能Ｔ细胞与凋亡的关系。方法：利用Ｂ７－１单抗和环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）联用处理ＡＰＣ即Ｔ细胞系统,在体外诱致抗原特异性Ｔ细胞无能,用ＰＩ染色法经ＦＡＣＳ分析了无能Ｔ细胞的凋亡,用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法检测了凋亡细胞Ｆａｓ ｍＲＮＡ的表达水平。结果：无能Ｔ细胞在１、３、５、１０ｄ细胞凋亡的百分率依次为２．１６％１１．２８％、１９．２７％、４１．２２％。当加入１００Ｕ／ｍｌ ＩＬ－２维培养,无能Ｔ细胞为     

慢性肾衰及血液透析过程中多肽生长因子与凋亡因子表达

目的：探讨慢性肾功能衰竭（ＣＲＦ）患者及血液透析（ＨＤ）过程中多肽生长因子及凋亡因子的含量变化及相互关系。方法：采用流式细胞术及放射免疫分析分别测定ＣＲＦ及ＨＤ前后外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中ＣＤ９５、Ａｐｏ２．７和ＢＣｌ－１蛋白的阳性细胞数及血清中ＴＧＦ－α、ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ的含量。结果：ＣＲＦ（非透析组）ＣＤ９５、Ａｐｏ２．７、ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ明显高于对照组，差异显著。ＢＣｌ－２与ＴＧＦ－α含量均明显低于     

激光损伤视网膜后神经元凋亡及GFAP表达的研究

目的 观察兔视网膜激光损伤后神经元细胞有无凋亡改变及视网膜Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ细胞胶质纤维酸性蛋白（ＧＦＡＰ）的表达变化。方法 应用末脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的ｄＵＴＰ－Ｘ切口末标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ法）标记凋亡细胞。应用免疫组化染色显示视网膜Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ细胞ＧＦＡＰ表示。结果伤后６ｈ、１、３、７ｄ视网膜各层可见散在分布的ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性凋亡细胞,尤以外核层多见,伤后３ｄ,视网膜可见Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ细胞ＧＦＡＰ表达;伤     

Apo—1／Fas受体及其配体在诱导淋巴细胞凋亡中的作用

本文介绍了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体的结构及其分布，阐述了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体在免疫生物学方面的效应：诱导ＴＣＲ＾ｉｍ／Ａｐｏ－１＾ｈｉ胸腺细胞的阴性选择；清除外周自身反应Ｔ细胞克隆；诱导某些活化Ｔ，Ｂ细胞凋亡；介导某些白血病细胞凋亡，并阐述了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体在诱导细胞凋亡中的作用机理。     

GST-人可溶性成纤维细胞生长因子受体1融合蛋白在酵母细胞中的表达及活性测定

目的：表达重组人可溶性成纤维细胞生长因子受体１（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅ　ｆｉｂｒｏｂｌａｓｔ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ　１，ｓＦＧＦＲ１），研究其对成纤维细胞生长因子（ＦＧＦ）生物学活性的拮抗作用。方法：采用逆转录－ＰＣＲ（ＰＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术自人肺成纤维细胞获得ｓＦＧＦＲ１　ｃＤＮＡ，测序确证后，将其克隆人酵母细胞表达载体ｐＹＥＸ４Ｔ－１；重组质粒转化入酵母细胞（ＤＹ１５０）中进行诱导表达，表达产物经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ及 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｂｌｏｔ鉴定。利用 ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞增殖抑制实验检测重组人 ｓＦＧＦＲ１的生物学活性。结果：经 ＣｕＳＯ４诱导，酵母细胞表达出重组谷胱苷肽转移酶（ＧＳＴ）－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白，此蛋白在凝胶上表现为 １条约 ６０ｋＤ的阳性区带，在 Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ实验中可被ＧＳＴ特异性抗体识别。重组ＧＳＴ－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白的粗提物在体外能够桔抗ＦＧＦ介导的促ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞增殖的活性。结论：重组ＧＳＴ－ｓＦＧＦＲ１融合蛋白在酵母表达系统中得到有效表达，并具有很好的生物活性。     

慢性肾衰及血透中多肽生长因子与凋亡因子表达

目的 探讨慢性肾功能衰竭（ＣＲＦ）患者及血液透析（ＨＤ）过程中多肽生长因子及凋亡因子的含量变化及相互关系。方法 采用流式细胞术及放射免疫分析法分别测定ＣＲＦ及ＨＤ前后外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中Ｆａｓ抗原（ＣＤ９５）,线粒体膜蛋白（Ａｐｏ２．７）,抗凋亡因子（ＢＣ１－２）蛋白的阳性细胞数及血清中转化生长因子α（ＴＧＦ－α）,类胰岛素样生长因子（ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ）的含量。结果 ＣＲＦ（非透析组）ＣＤ９５、     

广枣总黄酮对小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡及腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)活性的影响

目的研究蒙药广枣总黄酮（ＴＦＣ）对地塞米松（ＤＥＸ）诱导的小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡及胸腺细胞内腺苷脱氨酶（ＡＤＡ）活性降低的免疫调节作用。方法将小鼠分为ＤＥＸ组、ＴＦＣ组、ＴＦＣ＋ＤＥＸ组和正常对照组，采用光镜（计凋亡率，数据经方差分析）、电镜（形态学观察）。ＤＮＡ琼脂糖凝胶电泳及紫外分光光度比色法（吸光度值经ｔ检验处理）在培养３，６，９，１２，２４小时动态观察下，研究ＴＦＣ对胸腺细胞凋亡及ＡＤＡ活性的影响。结果在不同的培养时间均看到ＴＦＣ抑制ＤＥＸ诱导的胸腺细胞凋亡（Ｐ＜０．０１）及ＴＦＣ的促胸腺细胞分裂、增殖现象，但ＴＦＣ对细胞培养产生的自发凋亡似无抑制作用（Ｐ＞０．０５）；ＴＦＣ可促进胸腺萎缩小鼠的胸腺细胞内ＡＤＡ活性恢复（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论ＴＦＣ有提高机体免疫功能作用，这对临床上应用糖皮质激素导致的免疫缺陷、重症感染及肿瘤等的治疗提供了实验依据。     

Apo－1／Fas受体及其配体在诱导淋巴细胞凋亡中的作用

本文介绍了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体的结构及其分布，阐述了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体在免疫生物学方面的效应：诱导ＴＣＲ￣（ｉｍ）／Ａｐｏ－１￣（ｈｉ）胸腺细胞的阴性选择；清除外周自身反应Ｔ细胞克隆；诱导某些活化Ｔ，Ｂ细胞凋亡；介导某些白血病细胞凋亡，并阐述了Ａｐｏ－１／Ｆａｓ受体及其配体在诱导细胞凋亡中的作用机理。     

二尖瓣狭窄和射频消融后患者血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅳ及凝血酶敏 …

目的;探讨二尖瓣狭窄患者及射频消融术后患者血小板功能状态。方法：运用流式细胞术测定阵发性室上性心动过速（ＰＳＶＴ）患者射频消融 （ＲＦＣＡ）前、后及二尖瓣狭窄（ＭＳ）患者股动脉血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅳ及凝血酶敏感蛋白（ＴＳＰ）的分布。结果：ＭＳ患者及ＰＳＶＴ患者ＲＦＣＡ后静息血小权膜ＧＰⅣ分布明显多于ＰＳＶＴ患者ＲＦＣＡ前;ＭＳ患者静息血小板膜ＴＳＰ２显著多地ＰＳＶＴ患者ＲＦＣＡ前,而ＰＳＶＴ患者静息血小     

神经酰胺对结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原诱导的γδT细胞活化及凋亡作用

目的：研究神经酰胺对结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原（Ｍｔｂ）诱导的γδＴ细胞活化及凋亡作用。方法：用结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原刺激正常人ＰＢＭＣ，并用磁珠阳性分选法获得高纯度的γδＴ细胞。通过ＭＴＴ试验观察神经酰胺、鞘磷脂酰以及神经酰胺合成酶抑制剂ＦｕｍｏｎｉｓｉｎＢ１对γδＴ细胞的活化作用；ＦＡＣＳ检测其对γδＴ细胞的亡作用。结果：Ｍｔｂ刺激获得的γδＴ细胞可达７３％。磁珠分选后可高达９８％；高浓度神经酰胺及鞘磷脂酶能抑制γδＴ细胞的增殖。而出现凋亡，ＦｕｍｏｎｉｓｉｎＢ１则对γδＴ细胞的增殖及凋亡无明显影响。结论：鞘磷脂水解产生的社经酰胺对γδＴ细胞的有致凋亡作用。     

天花粉蛋白诱导人类白血病细胞株HL-60细胞凋亡的研究

目的:研究单链核糖体失活蛋白天花粉蛋白(TCS)诱导人类白血病细胞株HL-60细胞发生凋亡的作用及放线菌酮(CHX)对此作用的影响。方法:采用流式细胞术分析及荧光显微镜观察研究TCS诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡的情况。结果:流式细胞术分析表明TCS能够诱导HL-60细胞发生明显的凋亡现象,TCS(20mg/L)处理48h细胞凋亡百分率为48.7%±2.3%(x±s),明显高于对照组的凋亡率(6.3%±1.0%)(P＜0.05),而CHX(5mg/L)相同条件下诱导的凋亡率为65.3%±3.9%。TCS诱导的凋亡现象进一步为荧光显微镜的观察及DNA凝胶电泳所证实,TCS处理的细胞中有许多细胞呈现典型的凋亡细胞核形态改变,如染色体凝缩、核碎裂等;DNA凝胶电泳显示TCS处理的细胞呈典型的梯级格局。进一步研究表明预先以低浓度CHX(0.2mg/L)处理可显著加强TCS的作用,而在这个浓度下单独CHX并不诱导明显的细胞凋亡。TCS诱导HL-60细胞的凋亡呈时间和剂量依赖关系。结论:TCS能够诱导HL-60细胞发生明显的凋亡,CHX可加强这种作用。这些结果提示TCS诱导的凋亡不依赖于新的蛋白质合成。     

细胞色素C对HL-60细胞促凋亡作用及其对bcl-2、bcl-xl基因表达的影响

目的：探讨细胞色素C在体外作用于HL-60细胞时细胞发生的变化及其相关凋亡基因bcl-2、bcl-xl表达变化的机制。方法:用不同浓度的细胞色素C作用于HL-60细胞24 h，然后用MTT检测细胞色素C对HL-60细胞抑制率；用普通光镜、荧光显微镜检测HL-60细胞形态的变化；用流式细胞仪、DNA凝胶电泳对HL-60细胞凋亡的检测；用RT-PCR检测bcl-2、bcl-xl mRNA表达的变化。结果:细胞抑制率随着细胞色素C浓度的增加而增加；当细胞色素C浓度在0-37.5 mg/L作用HL-60细胞24 h，随着细胞色素C浓度的增加，HL-60细胞发生的凋亡逐渐增加，可见典型的凋亡细胞和明显的DNA梯度条带；同时，在该浓度范围内，bcl-2、bcl-xl mRNA表达逐渐减少；当细胞色素C浓度大于37.5 mg/L时，细胞凋亡率并不增加，而是下降，但是坏死细胞明显增加。结论：一定浓度细胞色素C能诱导HL-60细胞发生凋亡，并且细胞凋亡率、bcl-2、bcl-xl基因表达的变化与细胞色素C浓度呈一定的量效依赖关系，细胞色素C诱导HL-60细胞凋亡可能与抑制bcl-2、bcl-xl基因的表达有一定的关系。     

In vitro cytotoxicity of Mokko lactone in human leukemia HL-60 cells: induction of apoptotic cell death by mitochondrial membrane potential collapse

We studied the effect of mokko lactone (ML) isolated from the roots of Saussurea lappa (Compositae), a plant that is used for medicinal purposes in Korea, on the induction of apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells. ML was cytotoxic to HL-60 cells, and this cytotoxic effect of ML appears to be attributable to its induction of apoptotic cell death, as ML induced nuclear morphologic changes and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and increased the proportion of Annexin V-positive cells and the activity of caspase-3. Further studies revealed that the induction of apoptosis by ML was associated with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Collectively, our results suggest that apoptosis induced by ML in HL-60 cells was executed by a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential followed by the activation of caspase-3. This is the first report on the mechanism of apoptosis-inducing effect of ML.     

In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Mokko Lactone in Human Leukemia HL-60 Cells: Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death by Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Collapse

We studied the effect of mokko lactone (ML) isolated from the roots of Saussurea lappa (Compositae), a plant that is used for medicinal purposes in Korea, on the induction of apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells. ML was cytotoxic to HL-60 cells, and this cytotoxic effect of ML appears to be attributable to its induction of apoptotic cell death, as ML induced nuclear morphologic changes and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and increased the proportion of Annexin V-positive cells and the activity of caspase-3. Further studies revealed that the induction of apoptosis by ML was associated with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Collectively, our results suggest that apoptosis induced by ML in HL-60 cells was executed by a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential followed by the activation of caspase-3. This is the first report on the mechanism of apoptosis-inducing effect of ML.     

长链非编码CDKN2B 调控miR-19 对慢性髓细胞白血病的影响

目的:探讨长链非编码CDKN2B调控miR-19的表达影响慢性髓细胞白血病细胞的生物学行为的方式及其机制。方法:q PCR检测不同白血病细胞中CDKN2B的表达情况;双荧光素酶报告基因检测CDKN2B与miR-19的相互作用;MTT增殖实验和流式细胞检测CDKN2B对HL-60细胞增殖和凋亡的影响;划痕愈合实验检测沉默CDKN2B后白血病HL-60细胞迁移能力的变化;Transwell侵袭实验检测沉默CDKN2B后白血病HL-60细胞侵袭能力的变化;划痕愈合实验和Transwell侵袭实验检测沉默CDKN2B后miR-19对HL-60细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响;鬼笔环肽染色检测沉默MEG3后细胞骨架微丝微管形态变化;Western blot检测沉默CDKN2B后PI3K/AKT信号通路蛋白的表达情况。结果:在HL-60细胞中CDKN2B表达水平最低;CDKN2B能与miR-19的3'UTR特异性结合;过表达CDKN2B可以抑制HL-60细胞增殖能力,促进其凋亡行为;沉默CDKN2B可以增强白血病HL-60细胞侵袭和迁移能力;过表达CDKN2B后细胞骨架表现为伪足减少,运动能力减弱;肌动蛋白表达水平下调;过表达CDKN2B后PI3K/AKT通路蛋白表达情况相应下调。结论:CDKN2B可以靶向调节miR-19调控白血病细胞生物学行为。     

抗人DR5单克隆抗体——mDRA-6与顺铂协同杀伤白血病细胞HL-60作用研究

目的：观察抗死亡受体5（Death receptor 5,DR5）单克隆抗体--mDRA-6与顺铂（DDP）对HL-60细胞的协同杀伤作用.方法：DR5蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,融合筛选抗DR5杂交瘤细胞,制备抗DR5单抗--mDRA-6;流式细胞术测定顺铂对HL-60细胞表面DR5表达及细胞凋亡率;荧光显微镜下观察mDRA-6与顺铂协同作用下HL-60细胞形态变化;MTT法测定不同浓度的顺铂与mDRA-6对HL-60细胞存活的影响;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测mDRA-6与顺铂联合对HL-60细胞DNA片段化的影响.结果：顺铂可诱导HL-60细胞表面DR5表达增加,mDRA-6与顺铂联用致HL-60细胞出现染色质浓缩、断裂,细胞出芽,凋亡小体形成等细胞凋亡形态学变化;250 ng/ml的mDRA-6作用于HL-60细胞10小时,细胞凋亡率为16.61%;0.16 μg/ml的DDP作用于HL-60细胞10小时,细胞凋亡率为2.35%;二者联合作用后,HL-60细胞凋亡率增至57.10%;mDRA-6与DDP联合作用HL-60细胞,DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示明显“梯形”条带.结论：抗DR5单抗--mDRA-6与DDP对HL-60细胞具有强大的协同杀伤作用.     

FTIR对TFAR19基因促红白血病MEL细胞凋亡作用的研究

采用 FTIR方法 ,研究了 TFAR19基因转染前后 ,小鼠红白血病 MEL 细胞内重要组分的变化。经脂质体介导基因转染 ,获得了稳定携带 TFAR19基因的 MEL- TF19细胞 ,RT- PCR检测表明 ,该基因在 m RNA水平有表达 ;撤除血清诱导凋亡 ,在此过程中进行了 FTIR检测 ,结果显示 :转染 TFAR19基因后 ,细胞内蛋白质相对核酸的含量增高 ,细胞转录活性增强 ,细胞内磷脂的相对含量降低。所有这些变化都反映了 TFAR19基因的促凋亡作用 ,并可能是前期工作中发现的细胞流变学特性发生变化的基础     

Human cytomegalovirus induces apoptosis in promonocyte THP-1 cells but not in promyeloid HL-60 cells

The effect of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection on the viability of the cells in the monocyte/myeloid lineage was investigated. Two cell lines at different stages in the differentiation pathway, the less differentiated promyeloid HL-60 and the more differentiated promonocyte THP-1 cells, were used in this study. While the viability of THP-1 cells was significantly impaired by HCMV infection, the viability of HL-60 cells was not affected. The decrease in the viability of THP-1 cells appears to result from the increase in apoptosis following HCMV infection. Interestingly, HL-60 cells were more sensitive than THP-1 cells to the apoptotic effect of other apoptogenic agents such as ultraviolet irradiation and hydrogen peroxide. When HL-60 cells were induced to differentiate by treating cells with 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), HCMV infection induced an increase in apoptosis of the differentiated HL-60 cells by TPA. Therefore, HCMV-induced apoptosis in the cells of the myeloid/monocyte lineage appears to depend on the degree of cell differentiation.     

Regulation and function of Bcl-2 during differentiation-induced cell death in HL-60 promyelocytic cells.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are generated by differentiation of early myeloid precursors. Once fully differentiated, blood neutrophils are programmed to die rapidly and are removed by tissue macrophages. In normal myeloid cells, the death mechanism seems to be coupled to the differentiation pathway and is accomplished by a process termed apoptosis. In the present study, we have examined the role of Bcl-2 in the differentiation pathways of the promyelocytic cell line HL-60. Treatment of HL-60 with retinoic acid or phorbol ester, which induced neutrophil or macrophage-like cell differentiation, respectively, resulted in progressive loss of cellular viability and internucleosomal DNA degradation. In HL-60, differentiation and apoptosis were coupled to down-regulation of the Bcl-2 protein. Overexpression of Bcl-2 by gene transfer inhibited apoptosis triggered by terminal differentiation of HL-60. Yet, Bcl-2 did not alter the expression of surface markers or other phenotypic changes that are induced upon myeloid differentiation. In contrast to HL-60, another immature myeloid cell line, K562, did not produce Bcl-2 but expressed a related protein, Bcl-xL, that functions as a repressor of apoptotic cell death. K562 has been shown to be relatively resistant to a variety of apoptotic stimuli. Incubation of HL-60 and K562 with inhibitors of macromolecular synthesis induced apoptosis, which appeared earlier in HL-60 than in K562. Interestingly, Bcl-2 overexpression protected K562 cells from apoptosis induced by inhibitor of macromolecular synthesis but it had little or no effect on HL-60 cells. We conclude that although differentiation and apoptosis proceed simultaneously, they can be uncoupled by expression of Bcl-2. Down-regulation of Bcl-2 appears to be part of the differentiation pathway and may serve to facilitate the apoptotic response.     

Protodioscin isolated from fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) induces cell death and morphological change indicative of apoptosis in leukemic cell line H-60, but not in gastric cancer cell line KATO III

Protodioscin (PD) was purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) and identified by Mass, and 1H- and 13C-NMR. The effects of PD on cell viability in human leukemia HL-60 and human stomach cancer KATO III cells were investigated. PD displayed strong growth inhibitory effect against HL-60 cells, but weak growth inhibitory effect on KATO III cells. Morphological change showing apoptotic bodies was observed in the HL-60 cells treated with PD, but not in KATO III cells treated with PD. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the hypodiploid nuclei of HL-60 cells were increased to 75.2, 96.3, and 100% after a 3-day treatment with 2.5, 5, and 10 microM PD, respectively. The fragmentation by PD of DNA to oligonucleosomal-sized fragments, that is a characteristic of apoptosis, was observed to be both concentration- and time-dependent in the HL-60 cells. These findings suggest that growth inhibition by PD of HL-60 cells results from the induction of apoptosis by this compound in HL-60 cells.