罗格列酮对2型糖尿病大鼠生化指标影响

目的 评估罗格列酮对肝肾,血脂、血糖等生化指标的影响.方法 通过Wistar大鼠,建立2型糖尿病模型,按照随机分组的原则,分为模型组以及罗格列酮组,饲养一个月后,通过心脏采血分别检测其生化指标,并用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析.结果 发现罗格列酮组在尿微量白蛋白,尿素氮以及甘油三酯、血糖等方面与模型组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）.结论 罗格列酮通过减轻胰岛素的抵抗和保护胰岛细胞,减轻或者延缓糖尿病的进程,并能降低心血管疾病危险因素,改善肾功能,有效的减少糖尿病并发症     

肝素钙对糖尿病患者血液生化和流变学某些指标的影响

糖尿病肾病 (ＤＮ)是糖尿病的严重微血管并发症 ,常存在高粘滞血症而致病情恶化。随着我国糖尿病发病率趋于增加 ,ＤＮ患者亦将随之增加 ,故探讨干预其病情发展的新方法已刻不容缓。我院自 1994年以来分别应用小剂量肝素钙皮下注射及血塞通静脉滴注治疗ＤＮ并高粘滞血症患者 5 0例 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 1　病例　 5 0例ＤＮ患者均为非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病 ,并伴有临床蛋白尿 ,符合ＷＨＯ糖尿病诊断及分型标准 ,且既往无肾脏病史。其中男 2 8例 ,女 2 2例 ,年龄 4 7～ 76岁 ,平均 (6 1± 4 )岁 ,病程 17～ 2 9年。全部患者血液流变学…     

胆红素对烟雾损伤大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞的保护作用

目的:探讨胆红素对烟雾损伤所致肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)的保护作用,寻求防治肺气肿发生、发展的新途径。方法:将健康Wistar大鼠36只,随机分为正常对照组、肺气肿模型组和胆红素干预组。模型组及干预组采用自制大鼠实验性被动吸烟装置熏烟,连续6个月。干预组在熏烟前予以间接胆红素灌胃;模型组和对照组予以生理盐水灌胃。3组动物自由饮食饮水,6个月后处死动物,取材检测;病理形态学检查;采用支气管肺泡灌洗技术收集AM并纯化培养。观察细胞培养液上清中MDA与MO含量。结果:光镜下对照组大鼠肺组织肺泡分布较均匀;模型组大鼠肺组织肺泡普遍扩张,扩张的肺泡融合成较大的囊腔;胆红素干预组肺组织肺泡部分有扩张;模型组与对照比较MDA、MO含量升高(P<0.05);干预组与模型组比较MDA、NO含量降低(P<0.05)。结论:胆红素对于AM有一定的保护作用。     

抑制脑信号蛋白3A对糖尿病肾病大鼠的影响及作用机制研究

目的 研究抑制脑信号蛋白3A对糖尿病肾病大鼠的影响及作用机制.方法 选取40只SD健康大鼠,其中10只作为正常组,剩余30只大鼠建立糖尿病肾病模型,建模成功后分为模型组、上调组、下调组,每组10只.进行细胞转染建立稳定转染的脑信号蛋白3A上调组、脑信号蛋白3A下调组.检测4组大鼠肾损伤情况,尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(...     

糖尿病肾病患者胆红素和血红蛋白的相关性及临床意义

目的分析糖尿病肾病患者外周血胆红素水平与血红蛋白之间的关系,探讨糖尿病肾病患者血清胆红素变化的影响因素。方法研究对象包括106例糖尿病肾病患者,113例糖尿病无并发症患者和120例健康对照者,检测上述各组外周血总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素和血红蛋白含量并分析总胆红素与血红蛋白相关性。结果与对照组和糖尿病无并发症组比较,糖尿病肾病组总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素及血红蛋白水平均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);相关分析显示,糖尿病肾病组总胆红素水平与血红蛋白呈正相关(r=0.455,P<0.001)。结论糖尿病肾病患者血清胆红素的降低与血红蛋白降低有关,积极纠正贫血对糖尿病肾病的治疗有重要作用。     

大黄黄酮对糖尿病肾病大鼠的改善作用

目的：探讨大黄黄酮对糖尿病肾病模型大鼠肾的保护作用。方法60只大鼠按体重随机分为6组,空白组、模型组、对照组（黄葵胶囊,675 mg? kg－1）、3个剂量（大黄黄酮,42,21,10 mg? kg－1）实验组,连续给药90 d后,测各组大鼠尿微量白蛋白、血清葡萄糖、尿素氮、肌酸酐、总胆固醇及三酰甘油的含量,光镜下观察肾组织形态学变化。结果与模型组比较,大、中2个剂量实验组可显著降低模型大鼠的血糖、尿素氮、肌酸酐、尿微量白蛋白水平（ P＜0．05）。结论大黄黄酮对糖尿病肾病大鼠具有显著的肾保护作用。     

胆红素对吸烟大鼠支气管上皮细胞保护作用的研究

目的探讨胆红素对吸烟大鼠支气管上皮细胞的保护作用。方法健康Wistar大鼠36只,体重150￣200g,雌雄不拘,随机分为3组:正常对照组(12只),肺气肿模型组(12只),胆红素干预组(12只),采用病理学检查和电子显微镜技术观察支气管上皮细胞结构的变化。结果对照组光镜下和电镜下上皮细胞内细胞器形态结构正常。模型组光镜下支气管纤毛上皮破损,纤毛倒伏、脱落、排列紊乱;电镜下,线粒体肿胀、嵴断裂,内质网扩张,细胞核染色质边集,核周隙增宽。胆红素干预组光镜下支气管上皮细胞基本完整;电镜下,线粒体、内质网改变,肺泡壁断裂也较模型组改变轻微。结论胆红素在一定程度上有减轻烟雾对支气管上皮细胞损害的作用。     

Bacopa monnieri modulates antioxidant responses in brain and kidney of diabetic rats

Role of oxidative stress has been reported in various diabetic complications including neuropathy, nephropathy and cardiopathy. This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of Bacopa monnieri, a medicinal plant, on tissue antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidative status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Extract of B. monnieri was administered orally, once a day for 15 days (at doses 50, 125 and 250mg/(kgbw)) to diabetic rats. Activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, Catalase, and GPx), levels of GSH and lipid peroxidation were estimated in kidney, cerebrum, cerebellum and midbrain of diabetic rats and compared to reference drug, Glibenclamide. Administration of plant extract to diabetic rats showed significant reversal of disturbed antioxidant status and peroxidative damage. Significant increase in SOD, CAT, GPx activity and levels of GSH was observed in extract treated diabetic rats. The present study indicates that extract of B. monnieri modulates antioxidant activity, and enhances the defense against ROS generated damage in diabetic rats.     

Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Swietenia mahagoni in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Context: Swietenia mahagoni L. Jacq. (Meliaceae) is a medium to large evergreen tree native to Southern Florida, Cuba, The Bahamas, Hispaniola, and Jamaica.

Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of S. mahagoni bark.

Materials and methods: In the present study, the antidiabetic activity of the methanol extract of S. mahagoni (MESM) bark in streptozotocin (STZ; 65?mg/kg body weight)-induced diabetic rats was evaluated. Glibenclamide (0.5?mg/kg; orally) was taken as the reference drug. The blood glucose levels and body weights were measured every 5th day over a period of 15 days. Antioxidant effects were assayed in diabetic rats by estimating thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) levels.

Results and discussion: Oral administration of MESM at the doses of 25 and 50?mg/kg b.w. resulted in a significant (p?<?0.001) reduction in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Body weights were significantly (p?<?0.001) reduced in STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared to normal rats, while the extract significantly restored body weight. The present study was further undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant activity of MESM in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Decreased levels of TBARS and increased levels of GSH and CAT activity indicated a reduction in free radical formation in tissues such as the liver and kidney of diabetic rats.

Conclusion: These findings showed the significant hypoglycemic and antioxidant activity of the extract (MESM) in diabetic rats.     

Amelioration of hyperglycaemia and modulation of antioxidant status by Alcea rosea seeds in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Context: Alcea rosea L. (Malvaceae) has various medicinal uses including anticancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, there is no report on its antidiabetic activity.

Objective: Alcea rosea seed extracts were evaluated for antihyperglycaemic and antioxidative potential in diabetic rats.

Materials and methods: Single intra-peritoneal injection of alloxan (130?mg/kg b.w.) was used for induction of diabetes in Albino Wistar rats. Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activities of methanol and aqueous extracts of Alcea rosea seed (100 and 300?mg/kg b.w.), administered orally on daily basis for 15 days, were assessed in vivo for fasting blood glucose level and antioxidant status of liver and pancreas. Metformin was used as a positive control.

Results: Aqueous and methanol extracts (300?mg/kg b.w.) decreased blood glucose level in diabetic rats by 24% and 46%, respectively. Administration of aqueous and methanol extracts at 300?mg/kg b.w. significantly (p?2O₂ decomposed/min/mg of protein), respectively. Similar results were observed for pancreas.

Discussion and conclusions: Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidative potentials of Alcea rosea seeds suggest its usefulness in management of diabetes and its complications. This is the first report on antidiabetic activity of this plant.     

Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of Rheum franzenbachii extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol extract from the roots and rhizomes of Rheum franzenbachii Münt. (Polygonaceae) were evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Effects of repeated oral administration of ethanol extract (125, 250, and 500?mg/kg body weight) on the plasma glucose level (PGL), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in diabetic rats were examined. It was found that administration of ethanol extract (125, 250, and 500?mg/kg) produced a significant fall in PGL, AUC, and MDA, while elevating the GSH levels and SOD and CAT activities in diabetic rats. The dose of 500?mg/kg was identified as the most effective dose, with a decrease of 65.8 and 44.0% in PGL and MDA, and elevation of 72.6, 75.0, and 51.5% in GSH level and SOD and CAT activities, respectively, after 14 days of ERF administration in diabetic rats. Moreover, the OGTT studies showed a maximum reduction in PGL and AUC. From the active extract of Rheum franzenbachii, two stilbenes, desoxyrhapontigenin (1) and desoxyrhaponticin (2), were isolated as major constituents. The present study concludes that the ethanol extract of roots and rhizomes from Rheum franzenbachii had significant hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects.     

Cerebroprotective effect of resveratrol through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in diabetic rats

Oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and complication of diabetes. The present study was designed to evaluate whether resveratrol has cerebroprotective action through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in diabetic rats. Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (30 min) and reperfusion (4 h) was employed to induce cerebral infarction in diabetic Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by streptozocine (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at once. Diabetic animals were divided into groups as: normal, sham, ischemia–reperfusion, and resveratrol-treated (5, 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg). These were used for estimation of cerebral infarction. Furthermore, 20 mg/kg dose was selected for estimation of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase). Inflammatory markers like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and myeloperoxidase were estimated and histological characters were studied. Resveratrol produced dose-dependent reduction in percent cerebral infarction. With resveratrol of 20 mg/kg dose, levels of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers like malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-6, and myeloperoxidase were reduced and there was a significant increase in the levels of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers like catalase, superoxide dismutase, and IL-10. In the present study, we found that mechanism(s) responsible for the cerebroprotective effect of resveratrol in the diabetic rat brain involves antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.     

氨基胍对糖尿病大鼠视网膜微细结构改变的影响

目的:探讨氨基胍对糖尿病大鼠视网膜病变的防治作用及其机理。方法:选择健康成年Wistar大鼠36只,体重180～2 2 0 g,随机分成正常组、模型组、治疗组,模型组和治疗组大鼠尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶(5 0 mg/ kg)造成糖尿病模型,治疗组腹腔注射氨基胍(80 m g/ kg.d)治疗10周,各组分别测糖化血红蛋白,制备视网膜光镜切片PAS染色镜下观察。结果:治疗组糖化血红蛋白含量明显低于模型组,光镜下观察可见周细胞的变化。结论:氨基胍对糖尿病大鼠视网膜病变具有良好的保护作用,这可能与其抑制非酶蛋白质糖基化等有关     

Nanoparticle formulation increases Syzygium cumini antioxidant activity in Candida albicans-infected diabetic rats

Context: Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, studies on the use of this plant and of nanoparticle formulations against DM-related fungal infections are scarce.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the treatments with aqueous seed extract of S. cumini (ASc) and ASc-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPASc) on biochemical parameters in Candida albicans-infected diabetic rats.

Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: Control, DM, C. albicans, C. albicans?+?ASc, C. albicans?+?NPASc, DM?+?C. albicans, DM?+?C. albicans?+?ASc and DM?+?C. albicans?+?NPASc. Rats were daily treated with ASc or NPASc (100?mg/kg) for 21 days. Biochemical parameters in serum and urine, advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and TBARS levels in the serum, kidney, liver and pancreas and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities in kidney and urine were evaluated.

Results: Biochemical and oxidative stress parameters increased in rats with DM and/or candidiasis. NPASc was more effective than ASc in decreasing glucose (56%), cholesterol (33%) and creatinine (51%) levels; serum (16%) and pancreatic (46%) AOPP and renal (48%) TBARS levels when compared with DM?+?C. albicans group. In C. albicans group, both treatments decreased NAG activity but did not decrease creatinine levels.

Conclusions: These data suggest that the use of nanotechnology is able to improve plant extract properties such as antioxidant activity that may be useful in diabetes-related complications.     

胆红素对新生鼠缺氧缺血性心肌损伤SOD、MDA变化的影响

目的研究胆红素对缺氧窒息致心肌损伤时心肌组织SOD、MDA变化影响。方法将实验动物随机分为3组,每组8只。对照组做颈部正中切口,暴露双侧颈总动脉。模型组建立脑缺氧缺血再灌注损伤模型后给予NS腹腔注射、胆红素组建立模型后给予胆红素10mg/kg腹腔注射。各组大鼠分别于术后6h处死。取心肌组织测SOD活性及MDA含量。结果胆红素组与模型组比较,心肌SOD活性明显增高(P<0.05),MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05),对照组与模型组比较,心肌SOD活性明显升高(P<0.05),MDA含量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论新生鼠缺氧缺血性心肌损伤时胆红素具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能是胆红素清除大量氧自由基,减轻自由基对心肌损伤。