Characterization of TolC efflux pump proteins from Pasteurella multocida

Two TolC homologs, PM0527 and PM1980, were identified for Pasteurella multocida. A pm0527 mutant displayed increased susceptibility to a range of chemicals, including rifampin (512-fold) and acridine orange (128-fold). A pm1980 mutant showed increased susceptibility to rifampin, ceftazidime, and vancomycin.     

Isolation and Characterization of Pasteurella multocida from Poultry and Deer

Isolation of P. multocida was attempted from samples obtained from the poultry and deer, using standard bacteriological procedures for a period of 2 years. Ten isolates were obtained from 155 samples. All the isolates were found to be pathogenic for mice. Based on variations in fermentation patterns of dulcitol, mannitol, sorbitol and trehalose, the 10 isolates were grouped into biovars. All isolates have been serotyped as A:1. Two biotypes viz, P. multocida subsp. gallicida and P. multocida subsp. multocida were observed among the isolates examined. In the antibiogram of P. multocida isolates, all of them were uniformly sensitive to nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol. The isolates DP36 and DP40 were resistant to gentamicin whereas all other isolates were sentive to it. Only DP39, DP40 were sensitive to sulphadiazene.     

Posttraumatic Pasteurella multocida meningitis

The patient described was immunologically compromised by multisystem trauma. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from the respiratory tract and subsequently from the cerebrospinal fluid; direct spread apparently occurred by way of a basilar skull fracture. Sepsis was absent. He was successfully treated but subsequently had hydrocephalus, which has not previously been reported to occur after P multocida meningitis. Because of the opportunistic nature of this infrequent human commensal and the significant morbidity and mortality associated with it, we believe that isolation of Pasteurella multocida from the respiratory tract justifies treatment, especially in the compromised host.     

Plasmid-borne florfenicol resistance in Pasteurella multocida

OBJECTIVES: A florfenicol-resistant Pasteurella multocida isolate from a calf was investigated for the genetic basis of florfenicol resistance and the location of the resistance gene. METHODS: The P. multocida isolate 381 was investigated for its in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and its plasmid content. A 10.8 kb florfenicol-chloramphenicol resistance plasmid, designated pCCK381, was identified by transformation into Escherichia coli. The plasmid was mapped with restriction endonucleases, cloned and sequenced completely. RESULTS: Of the antimicrobials tested, plasmid pCCK381 conferred resistance only to chloramphenicol and florfenicol. It showed extended similarity to the 5.1 kb plasmid pDN1 from Dichelobacter nodosus in the part carrying the mobilization and replication genes. An adjacent 3.2 kb segment was highly homologous to the florfenicol resistance gene region of plasmid pMBSF1 from E. coli. In pCCK381, combined resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol was based on the presence of a floR gene that showed 97.2-99.7% identity to so far known floR genes. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that a plasmid-borne floR gene was responsible for chloramphenicol and florfenicol resistance in the bovine respiratory tract pathogen P. multocida. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of a florfenicol resistance gene in a target bacterium.     

Bacteremia due to Pasteurella multocida.

Pasteurella multocida should be considered as a possible etiologic agent in any infection that is the result of an animal bite or scratch. Because of its opportunistic capability, it should be included among the possible pathogens in bacteremia, particularly in any patient with immunosuppression or liver cirrhosis, especially if there is a history of animal exposure.     

Community-acquired pneumonia due to Pasteurella multocida

Most cases of community-acquired pneumonia result from infection with predictable common pathogens. However, rare patients develop pneumonia from unusual bacterial species such as Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative oral commensal of most dogs and cats. The majority of P. multocida infections involve skin and soft tissue and complicate a bite or scratch. I report the case of an elderly man who owned 16 cats and developed bacteremic pneumonia with P. multocida. .     

Septic arthritis due to Pasteurella multocida.

We have reported two cases of septic arthritis caused by Pasteurella multocida, the first, septic polyarthritis unrelated to animal contact and the other, septic monarthritis after a cat scratch. Serious infections with this gram-negative bacillus must be treated with intravenous penicillin, ampicillin, or a third-generation cephalosporin; aminoglycosides are not effective. A high index of suspicion is appropriate when there is a history of a recent animal-inflicted wound, though infection may also occur with either nontraumatic animal contact or no recognized animal contact at all.     

dfrA20, A novel trimethoprim resistance gene from Pasteurella multocida

A novel trimethoprim resistance gene, designated dfrA20, was detected on the 11-kb plasmid pCCK154 from Pasteurella multocida. The dfrA20 gene codes for a dihydrofolate reductase of 169 amino acids. Sequence comparisons revealed that the DfrA20 protein differed distinctly from all dihydrofolate reductases known so far.     

云南省思茅地区啮齿动物多杀巴斯德菌分离株毒力测定

目的 对2016年云南省思茅区大面积野鼠死亡事件中分离的多杀巴斯德菌的毒力进行测定.方法 选取在死亡野鼠中分离并经分子鉴定为血清型A型和F型的2株多杀巴斯德菌,采用常规的动物接种试验对2株菌及其混合菌(1∶1)接种Balb/C小鼠,计算各组的半数致死量(LD50).结果 A血清型和F血清型多杀巴斯德菌株及其混合菌株对B...     

Pig trotters lung--novel domestic transmission of Pasteurella multocida

Pasteurella multocida is a non-motile, faculatively-anaerobic, gram-negative bacillus associated with a spectrum of human disease. Direct and indirect zoonotic transmission is recognised with animal bites being most frequently encountered as a result of salivary colonisation in farm and domestic animals. Despite the prevalence of P. multocida in swine herds, the relationship between porcine colonisation and human disease is poorly established. This lesson reports a previously unrecognised mode of zoonotic transmission in respiratory pasteurellosis; domestic cooking of pig trotters.     

Aztreonam treatment of Pasteurella multocida cellulitis and bacteremia

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Pasteurella multocida cellulitis and bacteremia treated successfully with aztreonam. CASE SUMMARY: An 81-year-old white man with multiple antibiotic allergies was admitted with severe cellulitis of the left arm and bacteremia due to P. multocida. The patient was treated for 14 days with aztreonam and had complete resolution of the infection. DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the first published case describing successful treatment of P. multocida cellulitis and bacteremia with aztreonam. Antimicrobials recommended for use in P. multocida infections include penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, second- and third-generation cephalosporins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. There is very little information in the current literature regarding the activity of aztreonam toward P. multocida. CONCLUSIONS: This case demonstrates the potential use of aztreonam for P. multocida cellulitis and bacteremia in those instances where antibiotics of choice cannot be given.     

Tn5706, a Transposon-Like Element from Pasteurella multocida Mediating Tetracycline Resistance

The 4,378-bp putative tetracycline resistance transposon Tn5706 of Pasteurella multocida consists of an internal tet(H)-tetR resistance gene region which is flanked by almost identical insertion elements, IS1596 and IS1597. Two reading frames for proteins of 70 and 228 amino acids were detected in each of these insertion sequence elements. The 228-amino-acid protein revealed homology to transposase proteins of gram-positive bacteria.     

Mass spectrometric analysis of lipid A obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of Pasteurella multocida

Haemorrhagic septicaemia is mainly caused by an opportunistic pathogen, Pasteurella multocida, a major threat to the livestock dependent economies. The main endotoxins are lipopolysaccharides. The lipid A, a key pathogenic part of lipopolysaccharides, anchors it into the bacterial cell membrane. Hence, profiling of the lipid A is important to understand toxicity of this pathogen. Despite a significant progress made on glycan analyses of core regions of lipopolysaccharides from various P. multocida strains, the structure of lipid A has not been reported yet. The lipid A of P. multocida type B:2 was analyzed using ESI-MS/MS to identify the acylation patterns, number and length of various acyl fatty acids, phosphorylation level and lipid A modifications. The MSⁿ data revealed the existence of multiple lipid A variants, i.e. mono and bisphosphorylated hepta-, hexa-, penta- and tetra-acylated structures, decorated with varied levels of 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose (Ara4N) on C-1 and/or C-4′ phosphate groups of proximal and distal glucosamine lipid A backbone. The detailed mass spectrometric analyses revealed that even within the same class, lipid A exhibits several sub-variant structures. A primary and secondary myristoylation at C-2, C-3, C-2′ and C-3′ was observed in all variants except hepta-acylated lipid A that carried a secondary palmitate at C-2 position. The lipid A profiling described herein, may contribute in exploring the mechanisms involved in endotoxicity of P. multocida type B:2 in haemorrhagic septicaemia disease.

LC/MS-based variant profiling of lipid A component of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides of Pasteurella multocida type B:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia in water buffalo and cattle.     

Plasmid-mediated ROB-1 beta-lactamase in Pasteurella multocida from a human specimen.

A Pasteurella multocida human isolate was resistant to beta-lactams because of production of ROB-1 beta-lactamase. The beta-lactamase was encoded by a 4.3-kb plasmid closely related to that of a Pasteurella bovine strain, as shown by Sau3A restriction profile and hybridization with a plasmid probe containing the blaROB-1 gene.     

Antibiotic susceptibilities of human isolates of Pasteurella multocida.

Seventeen human strains of Pasteurella multocida, biochemically similar to, if not identical with, isolates of animal origins, were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobial agents utilizing a microtiter broth dilution technique. Ten of these isolates were also tested against 11 antibiotics by disk diffusion. The most active drugs with respect to the median minimal inhibitory concentration (micrograms per milliliter) were tetracycline (0.09), penicillin G (0.78), ampicillin (0.78), carbenicillin (1.56), cephalothin (1.56), and chloramphenicol (1.56). With the exception of tetracycline, the median minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration values were equal or differed by no more than a factor of two. The semisynthetic penicillins clindamycin, erythromycin, and aminoglycosides had relatively low activities, suggesting that these agents would be poor choices for the treatment of P. multocida infections.     

Conjugal transfer of an R-plasmid in Pasteurella multocida.

A strain of Pasteurella multocida isolated from turkeys during an outbreak of septicemic disease (fowl cholera) was shown to possess the ability to transfer streptomycin and sulphadiazine resistance to P. multocida and to Escherichia coli by conjugation. The genes necessary for the transfer of the resistance genes appeared to be associated with a plasmid of molecular weight 28.5 x 10(6). The resistance genes were shown to be associated with a second plasmid of molecular weight 7.2 x 10(6).