Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) on the liver of diabetic rats: a morphological and biochemical study

Parsley is used by diabetics in Turkey to reduce blood glucose. The present study aims to investigate both the morphological and biochemical effects of parsley on liver tissue. Rat hepatocytes were examined by light and electron microscopy. Degenerative changes were observed in the hepatocytes of diabetic rats. These degenerative changes were significantly reduced or absent in the hepatocytes of diabetic rats treated with parsley. Blood glucose levels, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were observed to be raised in diabetic rats. Diabetic rats treated with parsley demonstrated significantly lower levels of blood glucose, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase. The present study suggests that parsley demonstrates a significant hepatoprotective effect in diabetic rats.     

Effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) extract versus glibornuride on the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is one of the medicinal herbs used by diabetics in Turkey. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of parsley (2g/kg) and glibornuride (5mg/kg) on the liver tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Swiss albino rats were divided into six groups: control; control+parsley; control+glibornuride; diabetic; diabetic+parsley; diabetic+glibornuride. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Parsley extract and glibornuride were given daily to both diabetic and control rats separately, until the end of the experiment, at day 42. The drugs were administered to one diabetic and one control group from days 14 to 42. On day 42, liver tissues were taken from each rat. In STZ-diabetic group, blood glucose levels, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, uric acid, sialic acid, sodium and potassium levels, liver lipid peroxidation (LPO), and non-enzymatic glycosylation (NEG) levels increased, while liver glutathione (GSH) levels and body weight decreased. In the diabetic group given parsley, blood glucose, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, sialic acid, uric acid, potassium and sodium levels, and liver LPO and NEG levels decreased, but GSH levels increased. The diabetic group, given glibornuride, blood glucose, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, serum sialic acid, uric acid, potassium, and liver NEG levels decreased, but liver LPO, GSH, serum sodium levels, and body weight increased. It was concluded that probably, due to its antioxidant property, parsley extract has a protective effect comparable to glibornuride against hepatotoxicity caused by diabetes.     

广西藤茶总黄酮降血糖的实验研究

目的 :为了研究广西藤茶总黄酮 (GXTF)的降血糖作用 ,观察了GXTF对多种动物模型血糖水平的影响。方法 :采用四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病模型、肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠模型 ,以及正常小鼠口服给药 ,测定各模型小鼠的血糖水平 ;并对GXTF进行了急性毒性试验。结果 :GXTF对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠有较好的治疗作用 ,对肾上腺素、葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠也有明显的降血糖作用 ,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。急性毒性试验表明 ,其最大灌胃量为 26.0 g·kg^-1。结论 :GXTF对多种动物模型具有较好的降血糖作用 ,且毒性很小。     

Effect of D-400, an Ayurvedic Herbal Formulation on Experimentally Induced Diabetes Mellitus

In the present study, after D-400 treatment a significant reduction in blood sugar levels in alloxan induced diabetes was observed, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed a significant lowering of AUC in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. There was a rise in hepatic glycogen level closer to normal after D-400 treatment. In the pancreas of diabetic rats, D-400 therapy showed a significant increase in islet number and beta cell count and appeared to bring about blood glucose homeostasis by increasing insulin secretion through repair/regeneration of endocrine pancreas which may be responsible for the prevention of hepatic glycogenolysis.     

参芪糖泰颗粒降血糖作用的实验研究

目的 :研究参芪糖泰颗粒的降血糖作用。方法 :观察对正常小鼠、葡萄糖高血糖小鼠、盐酸肾上腺素高血糖小鼠、四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖含量影响。结果 :参芪糖泰颗粒对正常小鼠血糖含量无显著影响 ,可显著降低葡萄糖性和肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠的血糖含量 ,可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠血糖含量。结论 :参芪糖泰颗粒有显著的降低血糖作用。     

Inhibition of the progression of type 2 diabetes in the C57BL/6J mouse model by an anti-diabetes herbal formula

The effects of a specifically prepared anti-diabetic herbal formula (ADHF) on the course of established diet-induced type 2 diabetes in animal subjects has been studied. In a C57BL/6J mouse model for diet induced type 2 diabetes, intervention for 12 weeks using ADHF as a diet supplement resulted in a significant inhibition of diabetes related changes in major organs usually targeted by type 2 diabetes and a significant reduction in circulating levels of glucose and insulin. Young male mice were randomly assigned to receive ad libitum exposure to either a standard rodent chow diet or to a high fat, high simple sugar, low fibre diet (diabetes induction diet), respectively for 8 weeks. All mice fed the induction diet developed abnormally high blood glucose levels at 8 weeks. Animals with confirmed diet induced diabetic blood glucose levels were again randomly assigned into one of three groups (10 subjects per group), one group was thereafter fed only the diabetes induction diet and the other two groups were thereafter fed the diabetes induction diet into which ADHF had been mixed at 4% or at 8% fi nal concentrations. Normal mice were also randomized into two groups that were fed either a regular diet alone or 8% ADHF mixed in the regular diet. Blood glucose levels markedly increased over the 20 weeks of study in the diabetic mice fed the diabetes induction diet only. In contrast, diabetic mice fed induction diet into which 4% or 8% ADHF had been incorporated showed significantly decreased blood glucose and insulin levels over the time of the study. Additional parameters significantly reduced in diabetic mice fed ADHF included insulin resistance and histopathological changes in the pancreas and liver. This is the fi rst report to our knowledge to show in vivo evidence for significantly decreased circulating glucose and insulin levels and a significant reduction of progressive damage to major target organs by the addition of an herbal diet supplement to a diabetes induction diet proven to be capable of causing and maintaining type 2 diabetes.     

壳聚糖对2型糖尿病模型大鼠血糖、血脂、胆固醇含量的影响

目的观察壳聚糖对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发的2型糖尿病模型大鼠血糖、血脂及血清胆固醇的影响。方法取SD大鼠50只,随机分为正常空白组、糖尿病模型对照组及壳聚糖治疗组、壳聚糖对照组及药物治疗组,除正常空白组和壳聚糖对照组外其他各组均采用高能量饮食4周后加小剂量一次性腹腔注射STZ的方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型;每组大鼠在注射STZ后每2周1次尾静脉取血测空腹血糖、血清胆固醇和三酰甘油(TG)的含量。结果采用高能量饮食加STZ所诱发的2型糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、血清胆固醇和TG明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05或0.01),壳聚糖可降低2型糖尿病模型大鼠的血糖、血清胆固醇和TG浓度,与模型组同期比较有明显改善(P<0.05或0.01),接近药物治疗组(P均>0.05);而壳聚糖对正常大鼠血糖无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论2型糖尿病大鼠血糖增高可能引起血脂、血清胆固醇升高,壳聚糖能有效地降低2型糖尿病模型大鼠的血糖、血清胆固醇和TG浓度,改善2型糖尿病病变。     

泻心汤对正常和多种糖尿病模型动物的降血糖作用

观察泻心汤对正常、四氧嘧啶（ＡＬＸ）致糖尿病（ＤＭ）小鼠及地塞米松致胰岛素抵抗（ＩＲ）、糖耐量减退（ＩＧＴ）、模型大鼠的影响。结果表明,泻心肠能拮抗ＡＬＸ诱导的小鼠高血糖,明显降低正常小鼠ＡＬＸ－ＤＭ模型小鼠的空腹血糖（ＦＢＧ）,地塞米松致ＩＲ大鼠模型的ＩＧＴ,降低病鼠的ＦＢＧ及口服葡萄糖（ＯＧＴＴ）后２ｈ血糖（２ｈＢＧ）,提示泻心肠具有类似磺脲类药物和双胍类药物的降糖作用。     

黄芪葛根汤对实验性糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的:观察黄芪葛根汤对实验性糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗(IR)的影响。方法:建立链脲佐菌素(STZ)ip所致糖尿病小鼠模型,sc氢化可的松琥珀酸钠(HCSS)诱导的IR小鼠模型,以及采用给大鼠1次ip小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ),并加饲高热量饮食(富含脂肪和蔗糖),制备2型糖尿病(T2DM)伴胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠模型,观察黄芪葛根汤对糖脂代谢以及IR的影响。结果:黄芪葛根汤降低糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖(FBG),提高糖耐量(OGTT),改善小鼠对胰岛素的敏感性。黄芪葛根汤能显著降低2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠的FBG,提高OGTT,降低高胰岛素水平,提高胰岛素耐量,增加胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和降低IR指数(HOMA-IR)指数。同时,黄芪葛根汤还可调节血脂、下调血清中游离脂肪酸(FFA)的水平。结论:黄芪葛根汤通过改善糖脂代谢、提高胰岛素的敏感性,发挥其治疗糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗的作用。     

胡芦巴乙醇提取物对链脲霉素致糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

目的:观察胡芦巴乙醇提取物(FSE)对链脲霉素所致糖尿病小鼠的治疗作用(降血糖作用)。方法:采用化学药品链脲霉素(streptozotocin)制备小鼠糖尿病模型,用葡萄糖氧化酶法测小鼠血糖含量。以FSE给小鼠灌胃给药,观察其疗效。结果:小鼠腹腔注射链尿脲霉素72h,其血糖浓度显著高于正常对照组。连续给予不同剂量FSE10d后,各给药组小鼠血糖浓度明显低于模型组(非治疗组)。结论:FSE具有明显的降血糖作用。     

玉竹对STZ诱导的1型糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用

目的:探讨玉竹对链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的1型糖尿病小鼠的降糖作用及其可能的作用机制。方法:采用多次小剂量STZ(mlD-STZ)腹腔注射的方法建立1型糖尿病小鼠模型。玉竹提取物8,4,2g/kg剂量组分别按相应剂量用玉竹提取物灌胃,糖尿病模型组和正常对照组用蒸馏水灌胃0.2ml/只,1次/d,共4周。每周剪尾取血1次,用快速血糖仪监测血糖变化。四周后将小鼠处死取胰腺做HE染色,光镜下观察胰腺病理学改变;采用酶联免疫分析(ELISA)法检测小鼠脾细胞上清液中IFN-γ和IL-4水平。结果:与糖尿病模型组相比,玉竹提取物8g/kg和4g/kg剂量组小鼠血糖明显降低(P<0.01)、胰岛炎程度明显缓解、脾细胞上清液中IFN-γ水平和IFN-γ/IL-4比值明显降低(P<0.05～0.01),而2g/kg剂量组小鼠上述指标变化不明显;各组小鼠脾细胞上清液中IL-4水平差异无统计学意义。结论:玉竹提取物能明显降低STZ诱导的1型糖尿病小鼠的血糖,其降糖机制可能与抑制1型糖尿病小鼠Th1细胞的极化程度,减轻细胞免疫功能对胰岛β细胞的破坏有关。     

波叶组大黄中活性成分DES对2型糖尿病动物的降糖作用研究

[目的]研究波叶组大黄对2型糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用.[方法]采用链脲佐菌素所致糖尿病大鼠模型,二甲双胍组为阳性对照,将脱氧土大黄苷(DES)分为高、中、低3个剂量组,给药后,测定各模型大鼠的血糖水平.[结果]波叶组大黄对链脲佐菌素所致糖尿病小鼠有很好的治疗作用,对正常大鼠血糖无明显影响.[结论]波叶组大黄对2型糖尿病大鼠具有很好的降糖作用.     

门冬胰岛素治疗妊娠糖尿病的临床效果观察

目的：对比在妊娠糖尿病患者应用门冬胰岛素（诺和锐）与生物合成人胰岛素（诺和灵R）的疗效及安全性,总结其临床意义。方法：选取我院2007年4月至2008年4月70例妊娠糖尿病患者,随机分为观察组（门冬胰岛素治疗）和对照组（生物合成人胰岛素治疗）各35例。观察两组治疗前后空腹血糖值、餐后1h血糖值、糖化血红蛋白、血糖达标时间、血糖达标时胰岛素日用量及低血糖发生率,记录相关数据,进行统计分析。结果：两组空腹血糖、餐后1h血糖值、糖化血红蛋白对比无明显差异（P〉0．05）;观察组的血糖达标时间、胰岛素日用量及低血糖发生率对比对照组均较低,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：门冬胰岛素在强化降糖治疗妊娠糖尿病方面明显优于生物合成人胰岛素治疗,具有重要的临床意义,值得推广应用。     

Some toxicological studies of Momordica charantia L. on albino rats in normal and alloxan diabetic rats

Momordica charantia L. (MC) (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as balsam pear, bitter gourd or karela, used in several purposes in traditional medicine is an important medicinal plant. Two sets of experiments were carried out, the first experiment indicated that the LD(50) for MC juice and alcoholic extracts were 91.9 and 362.34 mg/100g b.wt., respectively, of subcutaneously "s.c." injected mice. The toxic signs were recorded within the first 24 h post-injection. The second experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of MC juice and alcoholic extracts on blood glucose and other biochemical parameters in normal and diabetic rats. Both extracts induced a significant decrease in serum glucose levels in normal and diabetic rats. The two extracts did not show any significant effect in urea, creatinine, ALT, AST and AP in normal rat, while in diabetic rats the two extracts caused a significant decrease in serum urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, AP, cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Also, these results suggested that MC extracts possesses anti-diabetic, hepato-renal protective and hypolipidemic effect in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Thus, MC is alternative therapy that has primarily been used for lowering blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.     

Hypoglycemic effect of extracts and fractions from Psacalium decompositum in healthy and alloxan-diabetic mice

The hypoglycemic effect of the hexane, methanol and water extracts obtained from roots of Psacalium decompositum (Asteraceae) was investigated in fasting healthy mice. Only the water extract significantly reduced blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner in normal mice after intraperitoneal administration (P<0.05). This water extract was macerated with methanol obtaining a precipitate (WMP fraction), and it was studied in healthy and alloxan-diabetic mice. The WMP fraction showed significant hypoglycemic activity in healthy and mild diabetic mice, but the administration of this fraction to animals with severe diabetes did not cause any significant decrease in blood glucose levels. Two polysaccharide components isolated from WMP fraction showed hypoglycemic effect when tested in healthy mice.     

中药复方降糖乐治疗糖尿病的实验研究

降糖乐对正常大鼠血糖无明显影响，能使四氧嘧啶致糖尿病动物血糖明显下降，降低模型小鼠的尿糖，对模型兔血清胰岛素水平无明显影响。     

复方苦荞麦及其拆方治疗2型糖尿病的研究

目的 :探讨复方苦荞麦及其拆方对 2型糖尿病症状及各项指标的影响。方法 :以链脲佐菌素尾静脉注射 ,辅以高糖高脂饮食饲养 8周 ,建立 2型糖尿病大鼠模型 ,然后分组给药 ,8周后采血检测血脂、血糖、SOD ,MDA ,NO等指标。结果 :糖尿病大鼠症状明显改善 ,血糖血脂降低 ,SOD活性提高 ,MDA水平降低 ,NO代谢水平改善。结论 :复方苦荞麦组方合理 ,对治疗 2型糖尿病疗效可靠     

安糖方降血糖作用实验研究

目的 :研究安糖方对实验性糖尿病的治疗作用。方法 :以四氧嘧啶制作小鼠糖尿病模型 ,以STZ制作大鼠糖尿病模型。予安糖方治疗 14天后 ,观察其治疗后的体重、血糖、饮水及饲料消耗量。结果 :安糖方能明显降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠及STZ所致糖尿病大鼠的血糖 ,降低饲料及饮水消耗量 ,而对体重影响不大。结论 :安糖方对实验性糖尿病具有明显的治疗作用 ,其作用特征与降糖灵类似     

辨证治疗糖尿病性便秘

目的:观察中医辨治治疗糖尿病便秘的疗效及对血糖、糖化血红蛋白的影响.方法:将120例糖尿病便秘患者随机分为治疗组与对照组各60例.治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予中药汤剂自拟方,对照组服用莫沙比利及维生素B12片,疗程均14 d,观察治疗前后两组大便情况及血糖(FPG)、2h餐后血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)的变化.结果:便秘改善总有效率治疗组为91.67％,对照组65％,两组有显著性差异(P＜0.01);各项便秘症状指标比较,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治疗后两组患者FPG,2 hPG,HbAlc均有不同程度的下降,但治疗组明显优于对照组,自身前后对照和组间对照均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:辨证治疗糖尿病便秘疗效肯定,并有助于改善血糖.     

2型糖尿病患者的肝郁分级与血糖水平相关性研究

目的观察2型糖尿病患者的肝郁分级与空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2小时血糖(2 h PG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的相关性,以期为2型糖尿病患者的防治提供思路。方法收集2019年10月—2020年10月福州市中医院内分泌科门诊及住院2型糖尿病患者121例,其中非肝郁证者25例,肝郁证1级者28例,肝郁证2级者36例,肝郁证3级者32例,观察2型糖尿病患者的肝郁分级与血糖水平(FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c)的相关性。结果肝郁分级与FBG、2 h PG、HbA1c均呈正相关(P<0.001);血糖水平各指标在不同肝郁分级比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),且肝郁分级越高,血糖水平各指标含量越高。结论肝郁是加重2型糖尿病病情进展的重要危险因素,肝郁分级越高,其血糖水平越高;可考虑通过疏肝解郁法舒缓2型糖尿病患者的情绪,从而帮助控制2型糖尿病患者的血糖水平。