食管胃吻合术中可吸收线及大网膜的应用

目的 探讨如何预防食管贲门癌手术后吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄。方法 自１９９７年１～１９９８年６月将２５８例食管贲门癌患者随机分组进行手术。临床研究组采用可吸收缝合线做单层（全层）连续吻合,并用带蒂大网膜包绕吻合口１２８例,对照组常规食管胃丝线间断缝合加食管壁与胃壁包裹１３０例。术后随访９～２６个月。结果 术后临床研究组无１例发生吻合口瘘,对照组发生５例（３．８５％）;严重吻合口狭窄临床研究组无１例发生     

食管胃吻合术后吻合口瘘的防治体会

目的：探讨改进手术方式预防食管胃吻合口瘘发生的方法。方法：对68例食管癌、贲门癌根治术患者食管、胃吻合口行Gambee吻合的基础上加行一层胃浆肌层、食管肌层及纵膈胸膜包套式加固缝合。结果：所有68例患者无l例发生吻合口瘘。结论：Gambee式吻合 胃浆肌层、食管肌层及纵膈胸膜包套式吻合有利于预防食管胃吻合口瘘的发生。     

带蒂大网膜瓣环包术预防食管胃吻合口瘘

胸腔内食管 -胃吻合口瘘是食管癌、贲门癌及其他恶性肿瘤外科治疗的极为严重的并发症。尽管近年来创新和改进了许多吻合方法 ,仍未能完全解决这一难题。我们用带蒂大网膜瓣环包食管 -胃吻合口区预防吻合口瘘的发生 ,取得了良好效果。1　材料与方法1.1　临床资料1998年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 6月完成食管、贲门恶性肿瘤切除及食管 -胃胸腔内吻合 110例。男性 81例 ,女性 2 9例。年龄41～ 72岁 ,平均 6 1岁。食管 -胃主动脉弓上吻合 6 0例 ,弓下吻合 5 0例。应用吻合器机械吻合 86例 ,手法吻合 2 4例。鳞状细胞癌 6 5例 ,腺癌 40例 ,癌肉瘤 3例 ,平…     

食管胃一层吻合术的临床分析

目的　研究食管胃一层吻合术术后吻合口瘘及狭窄的发生率 ,探讨食管胃一层吻合术式推广的可行性。方法　对 2 2 3例食管癌行食管癌根治术时采用一层食管胃吻合术 ,统计吻合口瘘及狭窄的发生率。结果　一层吻合术后吻合口瘘的发生率为 0 8%(1 2 2 3 ) ,无一例发生吻合口狭窄 ,其吻合口瘘及狭窄的发生率均低于传统的二层吻合法。结论　食管胃一层吻合术式减少了不必要的多层套叠操作 ,减少了吻合口瘘及狭窄的发生因素 ,值得推广应用     

食管前壁舌形切开预防食管胃吻合口狭窄的临床观察

２４６例食管胃吻合术随机分为甲，乙，丙三组，甲组吻合口后壁食管水平切开和胃间断缝合，前壁舌形切开，其舌形最高点距后壁２．０ｃｍ，然后与胃间断缝合，胃壁套埋吻合口的深度达２．５ｃｍ，前后壁亦与吻合口相平行，乙，丙两组则分别按传统的食管横切胃吻合和器史合，经半年以上随访，甲，乙，丙三组吻合口狭窄发生率依次为０％，４．８２％和１７．２２％。文中讨论了吻合口狭窄发生的因素及该手术方法预防吻合口狭窄的原理，     

带蒂大网膜包裹食管胃吻合口临床观察

总结采用带蒂大同膜包裹食管胃吻合口，做含管癌贲门癌切除术２８１例。未发生吻合口瘘，分析原因认为起到了预防吻合口瘘的作用。     

主动脉弓上食管床食管胃吻合、大网膜覆盖吻合口治疗中下段食管癌效果

目的：总结355例手术治疗胸中下段食管癌的经验。方法：分别对胸中段食管癌102例，胸下段食管癌253例行切除术，于主动脉弓上食管床行食管胃单层吻合附加大网膜覆盖，结果：术后并发吻合口瘘1例死亡（0．28％）吻合口狭窄4例（1．1％），同期也采用主动脉弓前胃套入食管双层吻合，无大网膜覆盖方法治疗胸中段食管癌51例，胸下段食管癌91例，其中吻合口瘘7例（4．8％），死亡3例（2．0％）、吻合口狭窄4例（2．8％），结论：与主动脉弓前胃套入食管胃双层吻合，无大网膜覆盖方法相比，该手术方法可降低吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的发生。     

食管癌切除术行食管胃单层宽边连续吻合的临床观察

目的评价食管癌切除术行食管胃单层宽边连续吻合的临床效果。方法将符合手术条件的936例食管癌患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组468例,均行手术治疗,试验组行食管胃单层宽边连续吻合,对照组行食管胃丝线间断缝合。结果试验组无手术死亡,术后发生吻合口瘘1例(0.2%),吻合口狭窄1例(0.2%),其他并发症17例。对照组围手术期死亡1例,术后发生吻合口瘘8例(1.9%),吻合口狭窄11例(2.4%),其他并发症24例。两组间术后吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄发生率差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.019和0.004),而其他并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义(P=0.264)。结论食管胃单层宽边连续吻合方法简便,可有效预防食管胃吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的发生。     

“三斜术式”在食管胃吻合术中的临床对照研究

我科自1995年11月－1997年5月对87例食管、贲门癌患者随机分为：实验组44例“三斜术式”（斜形切除、斜形吻合、斜形包埋）治疗，对照组43例采用常规手术切除，端侧吻合术式治疗，两组均未发生吻合口瘘。“三斜术式”组合合口狭窄及返流性食管炎发生率分别为0和4．5％，常规切除，端侧吻合术组发生率分别为6．9％和18．65；经统计学处理。P＜0．05，有显著差别。“三斜术式”不仅具有明显的抗反流、预防吻合口狭窄的作用，且简便易行，具有临床实用价值。     

主动脉弓上食管床食管胃吻合、大网膜覆盖吻合口治疗中下段食管癌效果

目的　总结 35 5例手术治疗胸中下段食管癌的经验。方法　分别对胸中段食管癌 10 2例、胸下段食管癌 2 5 3例行切除术 ,于主动脉弓上食管床行食管胃单层吻合附加大网膜覆盖。结果　术后并发吻合口瘘 1例死亡 ( 0 .2 8% )吻合口狭窄 4例 ( 1.1% )。同期也采用主动脉弓前胃套入食管双层吻合 ,无大网膜覆盖方法治疗胸中段食管癌 5 1例 ,胸下段食管癌 91例 ,其中吻合口瘘 7例 ( 4.8% )、死亡 3例 ( 2 .0 % )、吻合口狭窄 4例 ( 2 .8% )。结论　与主动脉弓前胃套入食管胃双层吻合 ,无大网膜覆盖方法相比 ,该手术方法可降低吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄的发生。     

带蒂大网膜移植同时植皮治疗胸壁放射性溃疡5例报告

报告5例女性乳腺癌根治术加放疗后并发胸壁放射性溃疡,采用带蒂大网膜移植同时植皮的治疗方法,手术一期完成,均收到满意效果。4例溃疡位于原乳房部位,治疗后局部隆起,类似乳房再造,是一般转移皮瓣所无法比拟的,特别对年轻患者更为适用。全组病人随访1年,胸壁溃疡无复发。     

胃食管机械吻合与手工吻合的比较

１９８６年至１９９３年对２０７例食管癌、贲门癌病人进行手术治疗，１２６例采用机械吻合，随访１２０例；８１例手工吻合，随访７８例。着重比较术后吻合口狭窄的发生率，探讨发生吻后口狭窄的原因。随访结果表明，机械吻合的狭窄率（１５％）明显高于手工吻合（２．６％）。     

食管癌和贲门癌术后胸内吻合口瘘两种不同治疗方法疗效比较

目的比较两种不同食管癌、贲门癌切除术后胸内吻合口瘘治疗方法的疗效。方法回顾分析1999年6月至2008年6月间中国医学科学院肿瘤医院胸外科连续4515例食管癌、贲门癌切除、食管胃胸内吻合术后发生吻合瘘的71例患者的临床资料,并将再次全麻下开胸置引流的38例作为手术治疗组,而另外33例经局麻置引流的作为保守治疗组,比较和讨论两组的治疗结果。统计方法采用SPSS 13.0软件包中的χ2检验和t检验。结果手术治疗组治愈率为86.8%,保守治疗组治愈率为75.6%（P=0.228）。手术治疗组痊愈者平均住院时间52.7 d,保守治疗组为73.7 d（P=0.041）。手术治疗组痊愈患者的平均住院费用为11.6万元,保守治疗组为14.7万元（P=0.045）。结论食管癌、贲门癌切除术后胸内食管胃胸内吻合口瘘一旦确诊或高度怀疑后,尤其对于病情危重的早期瘘,应尽快再次开胸充分引流。     

低位直肠癌保肛术后吻合口漏的原因及防治

目的探讨低位直肠癌保肛术后吻合口漏的原因、预防及处理方法。方法对低位直肠癌全系膜切除低位吻合手术后吻合口漏的发生及治疗情况进行回顾性分析。对吻合口漏的患者采用保守治疗（经腹部引流冲洗和会阴引流管引流）及手术治疗。结果术后发生吻合口漏18例。采用保守治疗16例,行手术治疗2例,均痊愈出院。结论低位直肠癌保肛术后吻合口漏应以预防为主,满意的术前准备,掌握低位直肠癌保肛术要点并注重操作细节是预防吻合口漏的关键。恰当引流管放置以利于充分引流对吻合口漏的治愈具有重要意义。     

Omentoplasty in the prevention of anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy: A meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of omentoplasty for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after oesophagectomy.MethodsA systemic review of the Cochrane Library database CENTRAL, MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to March 2014 was performed. Randomized controlled trials comparing omentoplasty with non-omentoplasty after oesophageal resection for a primary oncological indication were included. Meta-analysis was performed for anastomotic leakage, specific complication rates, in hospital mortality, local recurrence and duration of hospitalization. Data was reported as a Peto odds ratio (Peto OR), odds ratio (OR), weighted mean difference (WMD) or relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThree randomized controlled trials with a total of 633 anastamoses were included. The omentoplasty group demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage (Peto OR: 0.26; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.52), and reduced duration of hospitalization (WMD −2.13; 95% CI −3.57 to −0.69). There was no significant difference between the omentoplasty and non-omentoplasty groups in the incidence of anastomotic strictures (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.33 to 2.57), hospital mortality (RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.29 to 2.51), pulmonary complications (RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.35) and recurrence after surgery (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.43).ConclusionsOmentoplasty may reduce the incidence of anastomotic leakage following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值早期预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的价值

目的探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)在早期预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘中的临床价值。方法收集2014年1月至2017年12月就诊于郑州大学附属肿瘤医院普外科、行直肠癌根治术的787例患者的临床资料。患者于术后第1、3、5天分别检测血常规,记录白细胞计数(WBC),计算NLR。分析术后第1、3、5天NLR与吻合口瘘的关系,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,并计算曲线下面积(AUC),评价术后NLR预测吻合口瘘的准确率。结果术后第1、3、5天,吻合口瘘患者的平均WBC分别为13.2×10^9/L、9.1×10^9/L和8.9×10^9/L,吻合口愈合患者的平均WBC分别为12.9×10^9/L、9.0×10^9/L和8.8×10^9/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后第1天,吻合口瘘和吻合口愈合患者的平均NLR分别为13.3和11.6,差异无统计学意义(P=0.364);吻合口瘘患者术后第3、5天的平均NLR分别为10.9和7.6,吻合口愈合患者术后第3、5天的平均NLR分别为9.3和5.3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,术后第3天NLR截点值为8.6时,预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的灵敏度为73.2%,特异度为75.6%,AUC为0.744。术后第5天NLR截点值为5.5时,预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的灵敏度为69.6%,特异度为75.5%,AUC为0.726。多因素分析显示,术后第3天NLR为预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的独立因素。结论术后第3天NLR可以较为准确地预测直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的发生,有助于早期发现吻合口瘘,减少吻合口瘘导致的并发症。     

Management and outcomes of anastomotic leakage after McKeown esophagectomy: A retrospective analysis of 749 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer

PurposeCervical anastomotic leakages may manifest either cervically or intrathoracically. We retrospectively investigated the management strategies and clinical outcomes of patients who developed anastomotic leakages after McKeown esophagectomy and the spectrum of its clinical manifestations.MethodsPatients with esophageal cancer who underwent McKeown esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis (n = 749) between January 2015 and December 2018 were included.ResultsCervical anastomosis leakage was diagnosed in 53/749 (7.3%) patients. The leakage was primarily limited to cervical region in 16 (30.2%) patients, whereas intrathoracic spread was present in 37 (69.8%) patients. Intrathoracic manifestations were more commonly accompanied by fever (75.7% vs. 18.8%, P < 0.001) and leukocytosis than cervical manifestations (81.1% vs. 25.0%, P < 0.001). Compared to patients with cervical manifestations, those with intrathoracic manifestations had a longer duration of hospital stay (median; 58 vs. 40 days, P = 0.006) and higher incidence of tracheal fistula (21.6% vs. 0%, P = 0.045). Drainage through the neck wound was effective in all patients with cervical manifestations. Patients with intrathoracic manifestations who had transnasal inner drain or mediastinal drain placed intraoperatively achieved satisfactory drainage (27/37, 73.0%). Subsequent healing of anastomotic leaks was observed in 50 (94.3%) patients. There was no mortality associated with complications related to anastomotic leakage.ConclusionIntrathoracic manifestations of cervical anastomotic leakage are common in patients after McKeown esophagectomy. However, they are diagnosed later and are associated with more severe clinical consequences than cervical manifestations. Thus, a high index of suspicion and an early intervention policy for such anastomotic leaks should be adopted and strengthened to decrease the incidence of adverse clinical outcomes.     

经食管床食管胃粘膜延长不等边吻合法的临床应用

目的:观察经食管床食管胃粘膜延长不等边吻合法的临床效果。方法:113例食管癌患者均应用经食管床食管胃粘膜延长不等边吻合法进行吻合,术后随访6个月以上,记录吻合口瘘、狭窄和反流的发生率。结果:113例中,弓下吻合16例,弓上吻合83例,颈部吻合14例,在距肿瘤5cm的切缘癌残留18.58%(21/113),再切2cm为11.50%(13/113),有3例连续4次冰冻达颈部才阴性;吻合口瘘的发生率0.88%(1/113),吻合口狭窄发生率3.95%,吻合口的反流率为9.21%。结论:经食管床食管胃粘膜延长不等边吻合法能有效减少吻合口瘘和狭窄的发生率,并且有较好的抗反流作用,使患者的生活质量明显提高。     

Greater-omentum lesion-score (GOLS) as a predictor of residual disease in different regions of the peritoneal cavity in patients undergoing interval cytoreductive surgery for advanced ovarian cancer and its potential clinical utility

Background and aimThe greater omentum(GO) is a common site of residual disease in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. The presence of tumor in the GO could predict presence of disease in other peritoneal regions. The goal of this study was to perform a correlation between the greater-omentum lesion-score(GOLS) and presence of disease in different peritoneal regions and determine its potential utility in guiding interval cytoreductive surgery(CRS).MethodsThis prospective study included 134 patients undergoing interval CRS from July 1, 2018 to June 30, 2020.Each region of Sugarbaker's Peritobneal Cancer Index(PCI) was given a lesion score(LS) from 0 to 3 according to the diameter of the largest tumor in the region. The GOLS was recorded separately from other structures in the region. Correlation between the GOLS and surgical and pathological LS in each region was performed.ResultsAs the GOLS increased, the incidence of disease(surgical LS) in other regions of the peritoneal cavity increased. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves showed area under curve more than 80% for regions 1–2 and 7–8 indicating a high probability of disease in these regions in patients with GOLS 1–3. The positive predictive value(PPV) of preoperative imaging for GOLS was 95.7%. No cut-off of the GOLS could predict presence of disease on pathology with more than 70% accuracy.ConclusionsPresence of disease in the GO warrants performing upper abdominal exploration and/or cytoreduction and interval CRS should be planned accordingly in these patients. Imaging has a high PPV in detecting disease in the GO.     

食管胃两定点吻合法和食管血供的研究

作者报告了一种食管、贲门癌外科手术治疗中防止食管胃吻合口瘘的新的手术方法——“食管胃两定点吻合法”。食管胃两定点吻合法的技术要领是：利用定点吻合线的牵引作用，使食管胃吻合口的创缘自然合拢于一个平面上，使全层缝合状况改善，为创缘组织生长创造了良好环境。结果表明，本组连续４００例无一例吻合口瘘发生。作者同时进行３２例成人尸体食管血供的系统观测研究，发现下胸段食管动脉分支共有１５８支（平均４．９６±１．７３支），上胸段食管动脉分支共有１１２支（平均３．５３±１．８３支），腹段食管动脉分支共７５支（平均２．３０±１．２３支），作者认为食管全程血供丰富，手术治疗中，只要遵循外科手术的基本要求。吻合口血供能够得到满足。