性病门诊患者健康教育需求调查与分析

目的了解性病门诊患者及护士对健康教育的态度,以提高健康教育质量。方法通过对性病门诊98名患者进行问卷调查,对5名门诊护士进行访谈,分析患者对健康教育的需求及护士的具体实施方法。结果患者对健康教育内容的需求与护士选择的施教内容是一致的,但在宣教时间与实施方法上均存在差异。结论为最大限度缓解患者心理压力,提高健康教育水平,护理人员应提高健康教育的质量,引导患者养成健康的行为习惯,以达到控制性病传播和蔓延的目的。     

糖尿病患者教育依从性与医疗费用的相关研究

目的 探讨对糖尿病患者实施健康教育后,患者的依从程度与医疗费用之间的关系.方法 对120例2型糖尿病患者实施相同的强化教育和个性化教育,用自行设计的依从性调查表进行评分.按依从性评分结果分为依从性好组(A组)和依从性较差组(B组),比较2组患者的医疗费用情况.结果 A组患者文化程度、家庭经济收入、享受医疗保障的程度高于B组(P＜0.05);A组监测费用显著高于B组(P＜0.05),并发症及住院总费用则显著低于B组(P＜0.05),2组治疗费用比较差异无统计学意义;A组血糖控制情况显著优于B组(P＜0.05).结论 对糖尿病患者进行健康知识教育并提高其依从性可影响医疗费用的支出,使长期医疗费用降低,使血糖得到明显的控制,有利于糖尿病患者并发症的控制,并提高患者的生活质量.     

Sleep disorders among psychiatric outpatients

Mental health clinics, particularly the ones serving middle-aged and elderly patients, are usually confronted with serious problems of insomnia, which could trigger or aggravate physical or emotional ailments. It could also lead to drug dependence or contribute to polypharmacy. In this study, we have attempted to make a profile of the insomniacs of a VA Mental Hygiene Clinic and to correlate several variables found in common among the patients. Our work indicated that certain drugs such as benzodiazepines were more effective than others. It also indicated that certain types of insomnia, such as that with frequent awakenings, were more amenable to treatment.     

社区居民在健康生产中对健康教育依从性分析

目的 探讨健康教育在居民健康生产中的作用,为居民健康投资提供咨询和帮助.方法 选取96名居民作为调查对象,采取自行设计的调查表,对居民8项健康投资项目于健康教育前一个月、健康教育后二个月分别调查一次,比较社区居民在健康教育前后健康投资的变化.结果 健康教育后有6项健康投资发生改变,与健康教育前比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01).结论 在健康投资中树立成本意识,分析经济投入与健康产出比例关系,培养社区中的女性居民作为保健积极分子,在社区企事业单位建立健康管理组织.加强社区护士力量,能够加强健康教育效果,为居民健康投资提供科学依据.     

Medication adherence among geriatric outpatients prescribed multiple medications

BackgroundPoor medication adherence (PMA) is associated with higher risks of morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. Polypharmacy is not only a determinant of PMA but is also associated with many adverse health outcomes.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of PMA in an older population with polypharmacy.MethodsBaseline data from 193 older adults from the Medication Safety Review Clinic Taiwan Study were analyzed. Patients were either prescribed ≥8 long-term medications or visited ≥3 different physicians between August and October 2007. PMA was defined as taking either <80% or >120% of prescribed amounts of a medication. Patients were classified as no (0%), low level (>0 but <25%), and high level (≥25%) PMA depending on what percentage of entire medication regimen taken reached PMA.ResultsMean (SD) age was 76 (6) years, and mean number of medications was 9 (3), with a mean medication class number of 4 (1). Of the 1713 medications reviewed, 19% had PMA. However, at patient level, 34%, 32%, and 34% of patients were classified as no, low level, and high level PMA, respectively. Correlates varied by levels of PMA. Compared with patients without PMA, higher medication class number and use of alimentary tract, psychotropic, and hematologic agents were associated with both low and high level PMA. History of dizziness was associated with low level PMA, and higher Mini Mental Status Examination score was associated with high level PMA.ConclusionsTo enhance medication adherence in older adults prescribed multiple medications, medication class numbers and certain high-risk medication classes should be taken into account. Physicians should also routinely assess systemic (eg, cognition) or drug-specific characteristics (eg, side effects).     

中青年原发性高血压患者教育依从性与医疗费用的相关研究

目的 探讨对中青年原发性高血压患者实施健康后,患者的依从程度与医疗费用之间的关系.方法 对140例中青年原发性高血压患者实施相同的科学的强化教育和个性化教育,用自行设计的依从性调查表进行评分,结果分为依从性好组(A组)和依从性差组(B组),比较两组患者的医疗费用情况.结果 A组患者文化程度、家庭经济收入、享受医疗保障程度高于B组(P＜0.05);A组药物费用显著高于B组(P＜0.01);并发症及住院总费用则显著低于B组(P＜0.01),两组监测费用比较差异无统计学意义;A组血压控制情况显著优于B组(P＜0.01).结论 对中青年原发性高血压患者进行健康知识教育提高其依从性,使长期医疗费用支出降低,血压得到很好的控制,减少了心、脑、肾并发症的发生,并提高了患者的生活质量.     

健康教育在精神疾病患者全程治疗中的作用

目的探讨全程健康教育在精神疾病患者治疗中的作用。方法将120例精神病患者随机分为两组各60例,两组均按常规的方法进行护理,研究组在此基础上实施系统的全程健康教育,于患者入院时、出院时采用自拟问卷对患者健康教育效果进行评定分析。结果出院时研究组对精神疾病相关知识的掌握程度较对照组提高显著,住院时间较对照组显著缩短(P<0.01);出院6mo末,两组复发率比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),12mo末研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),18mo末极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论实施全程健康教育可以有效提高患者及家属对精神疾病的认识水平,增强患者战胜疾病的信心,提高患者治疗依从性,缩短住院时间,延缓疾病复发,降低再次住院率,减轻患者及家属的经济负担,从而提高患者的生活质量。     

强化心理健康教育对新冠肺炎患者护理依从性的影响

目的：探讨在新冠肺炎患者的护理中,实施强化心理健康教育的意义。方法：采取回顾性分析方法,研究对象为武汉协和医院、武汉大学人民医院2020年2月15日到3月31日收治的新型冠状病毒感染患者共120例,根据护理方法不同分组：对照组60例常规护理,研究组60例在常规护理基础上增加强化心理健康教育,对比两组护理效果。结果：研究组患者干预后的PHQ-9评分、焦虑评分低于对照组(P＜0.05),研究组患者的Herth评分、各项护理依从性、总护理满意率高于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论：新冠肺炎患者经强化心理教育干预,可有效改善患者的不良情绪,提高患者治疗的依从性。     

流动人口精神病患者家属心理健康状况调查及心理干预效果评价

目的：探讨流动人口精神病患者家属的心理健康状况及心理干预效果。方法对100名流动人口精神病患者家属于患者入院时采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评定心理健康状况,根据测评结果予以有针对性的心理干预,于患者出院时再次进行测评分析。结果本组62．0％的患者家属存在不同程度的焦虑抑郁情绪;心理干预前焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表总分显著高于国内常模（ t＝21．19、19．14,P＜0．01）,心理干预后较心理干预前显著降低（ t＝14．92、11．08,P＜0．01）,但仍显著高于国内常模（ t＝6．93、6．34,P＜0．01）。结论流动人口精神病患者家属存在不同程度的焦虑抑郁情绪,对其开展有针对性的心理干预能缓解其焦虑抑郁情绪,提高心理健康水平。     

Differences in self-reported importance of elements of health and subjectively experienced health among outpatients in community mental health services

Positive dimensions of mental health are strong protective factors against physical and mental illness in general population. A cross-sectional study including a randomly selected sample of 141 outpatients was performed to explore differences in patients' self-reported importance of elements of health and subjective experiences of health related to sociodemographic background variables. The examination of differences in self-reported importance of elements of health showed differences regarding gender, and the analyses of subjectively experienced health showed differences regarding age and diagnosis. Clinical interventions aiming at strengthening positive dimensions of health are required in community mental health services to meet the patients' individual needs of enhanced health.     

个体化健康教育在门诊高血压病病人中的应用

[目的]了解病人与疾病相关的不健康行为,给予针对性的健康指导。[方法]以病人的知识缺失点作为健康教育的切入点,有计划地实施健康教育,针对每位病人具体情况,实施有针对性的个体化健康教育。[结果]改善了高血压病病人不良生活及饮食习惯,提高了服药依从性,使血压得到有效控制。[结论]个体化健康教育有助于降低高血压病病人血压水平,减少合并症的发生。     

Perceived barriers to mental health service use among individuals with mental disorders in the Canadian general population

BACKGROUND: Eliminating barriers to care is important for improving health service use. However, the barriers to mental health care have not been well investigated. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to provide information about the barriers to mental health service use and to identify clinical factors associated with perceived barriers among individuals with depressive-, anxiety-, and substance use-related disorders in the communities. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health and Well-being was instituted. SUBJECTS: Participants with depressive-, anxiety-, and substance use-related disorders in the past 12 months, assessed by the World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview, were included (n = 4094). RESULTS: In participants with mental disorders, 19.5% reported barriers to mental health service use. The percentage of perceived barriers due to acceptability was higher than those for barriers due to accessibility and availability. Participants with comorbid mental disorders were more likely to have experienced barriers than those with one disorder in both mental health service users and in the nonusers. Role impairment was a significant factor predicting barriers to care, overall and in the service nonusers, in the groups having anxiety disorders only, having any depressive or anxiety disorders, and having any alcohol or drug dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical characteristics play an important role in perceiving barriers to mental health care. Future efforts should pay particular attention to the needs of those with chronic and severe mental health problems and focus on improving the effectiveness of mental health services.     

健康教育对老年慢性心力衰竭病人依从性的影响

[目的]探讨院内外健康教育对老年慢性心力衰竭病人治疗依从性的影响。[方法]对66例老年慢性心力衰竭病人,入院后给予院内健康指导,出院后将其随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组继续给予院外健康指导,对照组常规出院指导;入院时与健康教育后第10天按健康教育效果表进行自身对比,出院后半年对两组病人进行遵医行为和生存质量的比较。[结果]健康教育后第10天病人较入院时的健康知识掌握率明显提高;出院后半年两组病人的遵医率和生存质量比较,均有统计学意义。[结论]通过对老年慢性心力衰竭病人有效的院内及院外的健康指导,可明显提高病人的治疗依从性,改善其生存质量。     

健康教育对老年慢性心力衰竭病人依从性的影响

[目的]探讨院内外健康教育对老年慢性心力衰竭病人治疗依从性的影响。[方法]对66例老年慢性心力衰竭病人，入院后给予院内健康指导，出院后将其随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组继续给予院外健康指导，对照组常规出院指导；入院时与健康教育后第10天按健康教育效果表进行自身对比，出院后半年对两组病人进行遵医行为和生存质量的比较。[结果]健康教育后第10天病人较入院时的健康知识掌握率明显提高；出院后半年两组病人的遵医率和生存质量比较，均有统计学意义。[结论]通过对老年慢性心力衰竭病人有效的院内及院外的健康指导．可明显提高病人的治疗依从性．改善其生存盾号。     

强化健康教育对门诊慢性乙肝病毒感染者心理应激水平的影响

目的 探讨强化健康教育对门诊慢性乙肝病毒感染者心理应激水平的影响.方法 以80例门诊慢性乙肝病毒感染者为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组各40例.对照组只接受医院门诊常规健康教育;实验组在常规健康教育的基础上,接受本研究专门设计的强化健康教育.用个人基本情况问卷(DDRF)和肝炎应激量表(PSSH)分别在干预前和干预后对研究对象进行测试.结果 干预前2组PSSH得分均较高,差异不显著;干预后2组PSSH得分均有所下降,但实验组心理应激水平改善程度显著优于对照组,差异显著.结论 本研究设计的强化健康教育能有效降低门诊慢性乙肝病毒感染者的心理应激水平.     

高血压患者药物治疗依从性与健康教育

目的提高高血压患者的药物治疗依从性。方法从影响高血压患者药物治疗依从性的相关因素入手,开展有针对性的健康教育。结果高血压患者的药物治疗依从性增高。结论健康教育可提高高血压患者的药物治疗依从性,有效的提高高血压的控制率,减少并发症。