人类卵巢癌顺铂耐药细胞株OV1228／cDDP的建立及其生物学特性

 目的　建立人类卵巢癌细胞顺铂耐药细胞株OV1228／cDDP,并对其生物学特性进行检测。方法　采用顺铂浓度梯度递增法,建立人类卵巢癌顺铂耐药细胞株。通过细胞形态学观察、生长曲线和群体倍增时间测定、药物敏感试验、mdr-1和PKC-α基因及蛋白表达水平的测定,来评价OV1228／cDDP的生物学特性。结果　成功建立了OV1228／cDDP耐药细胞株,耐药指数（RI）为5.97,对多柔比星和5-氟尿嘧啶具有一定的交叉耐药性。与OV1228相比,OV1228／cDDP细胞异型性增加、细胞倍增时间延长;mdr-1和PKC-α在基因和蛋白表达水平均明显增高。结论　OV1228／cDDP细胞对顺铂耐药性稳定,并呈现一定的多药耐药特性,为进一步研究耐药逆转途径提供了实验基础。     

人鼻咽癌顺铂耐药细胞系(CNE2/DDP)的建立及耐药相关基因的筛选

背景与目的：化疗是鼻咽癌最主要的辅助治疗手段,然而癌细胞耐药性的产生常常导致药物治疗的失败,因此,筛查鼻咽癌耐药相关基因,寻找逆转药物耐受的分子靶点具有重要的现实意义。本研究首先用鼻咽癌药物敏感细胞CNE2作为亲本细胞诱导建立耐药细胞系,并在此基础上,筛选鼻咽癌耐药相关基因,探讨耐药性产生的分子机制。方法：以顺铂（cisplatin,DDP)为诱导剂,采用大剂量冲击与剂量逐渐递加相结合的方法,诱导建立人鼻咽癌耐药细胞系CNE2／DDP。采用MTT法测定药物的敏感性,流式细胞术测定细胞周期及细胞内荧光物罗丹明的蓄积,并进行细胞生长曲线测绘,倍增时间测定及细胞形态学观察。随后,采用基于PCR技术改良的消减杂交法筛选并耐药相关基因,反向点杂交鉴定排除假阳性,DNA测序分析差异表达片段,RT－PCR对差异表达的基因片段做进一步验证。结果：所建立的人鼻咽癌耐药细胞系CNE2／DDP对DDP的耐药指数为27．9,对5－氟尿嘧啶（5－fluorouracil,5-FU)及长春新碱（vincristine,VCR)的耐药指数分别可达227．9和55．5,表明其具有多药耐药的特征,流式细胞测定显示耐药细胞内罗丹明的蓄积明显低于敏感细胞（12．98vs,243.62),镜下观察耐药细胞体积变小,形态变圆,细胞倍增时间明显延长（26hvs,19h)。消减杂交发现了6个差异表达的基因片段,其序列与人已知基因均有部分同源性,其中3个在耐药细胞中高表达,3个在耐药细胞中表达下调。高表达的序列中有一个是功能未知的恶性肿瘤相关基因,有完整的开放读码框,其编码产物是含有79个氨基酸的DC13蛋白,其余两个序列分别是泛素C基因和线粒体编码基因NADH脱氢酶亚单位2（NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2,ND2)。表达被抑制的基因序列分别是细胞色素氧化酶亚单位1（cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1,COX1),核糖体蛋白大亚基27单体（ribosomal protein L27,RPL27)以及核体蛋白小亚基27单体（ribosomal protein S27,RPS28).结论：建立了稳定的人鼻咽癌耐药细胞系CNE2／DDP,为进一步研究恶性肿瘤的耐药机理建立了理想的耐药细胞模型,改良的消减杂交方法是克隆差异表达基因的有效方法,有多个功能已知和未知的基因如DC13,COX1及核糖核蛋白体基因等可能共同参与了鼻咽癌耐药性的产生。     

人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系的建立及其生物学特征

背景与目的：药物耐受性是当前肿瘤研究的热点,国内外普遍应用体外建立的耐药细胞系作为研究模型。为探讨肝癌对顺铂耐药的机理。本研究首次建立了人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系并研究其生物学特性。方法：采用逐步递增顺铂浓度,间歇作用体外诱导法建立人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系QGY/cDDP;MTT法测定药物敏感性,光镜,电镜,活细胞计数法,流式细胞仪及染色体分析等方法观察其生物学特征的改变。结果：历时3个月建成人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系QGY/cDDP,其对顺铂的耐药指数为10.81,并且与5-氟尿嘧啶,表阿霉素等多种抗癌药有不同程度的交叉耐药性;QGY/cDDP的细胞形态及染色体数目发生改变;体外群体倍增时间较亲代细胞延长;细胞周期分析发现其S期与G2/M期细胞减少,G0/G1期细胞增多。结论：QGY/cDDP细胞具有耐药表型,且耐药性能稳定。     

Establishment and characterization of a new hypoxia-resistant cancer cell line, OCUM-12/Hypo, derived from a scirrhous gastric carcinoma

Background:

Many kinds of solid tumour have heterogeneously a hypoxic environment. Tumour hypoxia reported to be associated with more aggressive tumour phenotypes such as high metastatic ability and resistance to various anti-cancer therapies which may lead to a poorer prognosis. However, the mechanisms by which hypoxia affects the aggressive phenotypes remain unclear.

Methods:

We established a scirrhous gastric carcinoma cell line (OCUM-12) from ascites associated with scirrhous gastric carcinoma, and a hypoxia-resistant cancer cell line (OCUM-12/Hypo) was cloned from OCUM-12 cells by continuous exposure to 1% oxygen.

Results:

Histologic findings from orthotopic tumours derived from parent OCUM-12 cells and daughter OCUM-12/Hypo cells revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with extensive fibrosis that resembled human scirrhous gastric cancer. Necrotic lesions were frequently detected in the OCUM-12 tumours but were rarely found in the OCUM-12/Hypo tumours, although both types had multiple hypoxic loci. Apoptosis rate of OCUM-12 cells was increased to 24.7% at 1% O₂, whereas that of OCUM-12/Hypo was 5.6%. The OCUM-12/Hypo orthotopic models developed multiple metastases to the peritoneum and lymph nodes, but the OCUM-12 models did not. OCUM-12/Hypo cells showed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and high migratory and invasive activities in comparison with OCUM-12 cells. The mRNA expression levels of both E-cadherin and zonula occludens ZO-1 and ZO-2 decreased in OCUM-12/Hypo cells, and that of vimentin, Snail-1, Slug/Snail-2, Twist, ZEB-1, ZEB-2, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and MMP-2 were increased in OCUM-12/Hypo cells.

Conclusion:

OCUM-12 and OCUM-12/Hypo may be useful for the elucidation of disease progression associated with scirrhous gastric cancer in the setting of chronic hypoxia.     

人鼻咽癌顺铂耐药细胞系 (CNE2/DDP)及其亲代细胞 (CNE2)的比较基因组杂交研究

背景与目的：比较基因组杂交(comparative genomic hybridization,CGH)是一种在荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术上发展起来的,用于检测两个基因组间相对DNA拷贝数的改变(缺失或扩增),并将这些变化在染色体上进行定位的分子细胞遗传学方法。为全面了解鼻咽癌耐药细胞与药物敏感细胞在基因组DNA水平上可能存在的差异,以及这种差异在肿瘤耐药性产生中的意义,我们用CGH技术对鼻咽癌耐药细胞系(CNE2／DDP)和其亲代药物敏感细胞(CNE2)的基因组DNA进行检测和分析。方法：提取两种癌细胞及正常胎盘组织的基因组DNA,以随机引物法进行荧光标记(CNE2／DDP和CNE2 DNA以Fluorescein-12-dUTP标记,探针显绿色荧光;正常胎盘组织以Tetramethylrhodamine-5-dUTP标记,探针显红色荧光),将标记的DNA探针同时与正常淋巴细胞分裂中期染色体进行杂交,杂交信号在荧光显微镜下经CCD(charge coupled device)摄像装置摄取,并通过荧光数字图像分析系统(quips CGH program)进行数据处理,计算两种荧光的比率并绘制分析图。结果：CNE2细胞存在广泛的染色体改变,主要表现在1q,3q,5p,6p,7p,8q,9q,11p,12q,19q的扩增和4q,12p,13p,14p,15p,18,20q,21p,22的缺失。从CNE2诱导的耐药细胞系CNE2／DDP恒定表现为8q,19q的扩增和8p的缺失,其它的染色体均未发现明显异常的扩增或缺失。将CNE2／DDP在不含药物的培养基中连续传代培养1个月后重复CGH,发现与连续药物处理的CNE2／DDP结果一致。CNE2／DDP细胞较CNE2细胞具有更为正常和稳定的染色体组成。结论：CNE2／DDP细胞是在耐药诱导过程中选择出来的单一的耐药细胞克隆。肿瘤细胞耐药的产生主要是一个克隆选择过程,即被诱导产生了耐药的细胞克隆在有药物存在的生存压力下被选择出来。     

P-糖蛋白、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶的表达与胃癌细胞耐药的关系研究

目的初步探索胃癌多药耐药细胞系SGC7901／VCR的耐药机制。方法间歇诱导法,胃癌细胞系SGC7901经长春新碱（VCR）短时间诱导后,对长春新碱产生耐药。MTT法检测对VCR、5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉索的耐药性。Western blot检测P-糖蛋白（P—glucoprotein,P—gp）、谷胱甘肽-s转移酶（ghtathione—s transferring enzyme,GST—s）的表达。结果耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR对长春新碱耐药提高16．56倍,此耐药株同时对5-氟尿嘧啶、表阿霉素呈交叉耐药,耐药指数分别达6．9、13．05。SGC7901／VCR的P—gP、GST—s出现表达增强。结论长春新碱短时间诱导后,SGC7901产生多药耐药性（multi—drug resistance,MDR）,且P—gp、GST—s表达增强。反之,抑制P—gP、GsT—s蛋白的表达,则有可能降低细胞耐药从而逆转胃癌MDR。     

The effect of Irisquinone on the glutathione system and MRP expression of cisplatin-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A 549 DDP )

Objective: To investigate the Reversal Effect of Irisquinone (ANKA) on Cisplatin-resistant Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (A ₅₄₉ ^DDP ) and the change of MRP expression. Methods: MTT assay, flow cytometry, glutathione reductase recycling assay, RT-PCR were used. Results: None or low cytotoxic concentration of ANKA (10, 20, 30 μmol/L) could increase the sensitivity of A ₅₄₉ ^DDP cells to CDDP by 8.2, 7.9 and 8.9-fold in a dose independent manner. After A ₅₄₉ ^DDP cells was pretreated with 10 μmol/L ANKA for 12 h, CDDP cytotoxicity was increased 9.41-fold. The GSH content of the cells treated by ANKA is reduced significantly (P<0.001). The GSTπ protein expression was reduced by ANKA depended on its doses. ANKA also reduced expression of MRP protein, dependent on its dose and treating time (P<0.001). MRP mRNA expression was reduced only by 30μmol/L ANKA (P<0.05). Conclusion: The reversal effect of ANKA on A ₅₄₉ ^DDP cell was relative to intracellular glutathione system. Foundation item: This work was supported by the grant from the National 9th five-year program for Scientific Research of China (96-906-01-23). Biography: LIANG li (1967-), master of medicine, now works at the Department of Tumor, Peking University Third Hospital, majors in oncology.     

人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系SK-Hepl/CDDP的建立

背景与目的:多药耐药是肿瘤治疗的主要障碍,本研究旨在建立人肝癌多药耐药细胞株SK-Hep1/CDDP,并对其生物学特性及发生多药耐药的可能机制进行初步评价.方法:采用大剂量冲击,间歇诱导法获得人肝癌顺铂(Cisplatin-CDDP)多药耐药系SK-Hep1/CDDP;CCK-8法检测药物敏感性,计算半数抑制浓度(IC_(50))和耐药指数(RI);Western blot检测多药耐药基因(MDR1,ABCB1)、多药耐药相关蛋白1(MRP-1,ABCC1)、多药耐药相关蛋白2(MRP-2,ABCC2)、Bax蛋白的表达,以及加入MDR1抑制剂CsA对肝癌细胞MDR1蛋白的表达影响:流式细胞仪(FCM)检测细胞周期及凋亡率.结果:历时6个月建成SK-Hep1/CDDP细胞株,其对CDDP的耐药指数为13.76,并对盐酸阿霉素(doxombicin, DOX)、氟尿嘧啶(5-Fluororacil,5-Fu)等多种抗肿瘤药物交叉耐药:Western blot发现SK-Hep1/CDDP与亲本细胞相比MDR1、MRP-1、MRP-2的表达明显升高(P<0.01),Bax蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),加入小剂量环孢素A对肝癌细胞MDR1蛋白的表达无影响(P>0.05);细胞周期分析发现相对于亲本SK-Hep1细胞[G_1期为(59.83±3.28)%,S期为(27.91±2.16)%,G_2/M期为(12.14±3.36)%],SK-Hep1/CDDP耐药细胞[G_1期为(37.50±5.05)%,S期为(42.20±2.65)%,G_2/M期(20.67±5.69)%]的G_2/M,S期比例增加.G_1期比例减少,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);流式细胞仪分析表明CDDP对耐药细胞SK-Hep1/CDDP的凋亡率明显减少,加入MDR1抑制剂干预后可明显增加CDDP对SK-Hep1/CDDP细胞的凋亡率.结论:成功建立MDR细胞株SK-Hep-/CDDP,其耐药机制可能与MDR1、MRP-1、MRP-2蛋白的表达增加,Bax蛋白表达降低及降低化疗药物诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡作用相关.     

人肝癌顺铂耐药细胞系SK-Hep1/CDDP的建立

背景与目的:多药耐药是肿瘤治疗的主要障碍,本研究旨在建立人肝癌多药耐药细胞株SK-Hep1/CDDP,并对其生物学特性及发生多药耐药的可能机制进行初步评价。方法:采用大剂量冲击,间歇诱导法获得人肝癌顺铂(Cisplatin,CDDP)多药耐药系SK-Hep1/CDDP;CCK-8法检测药物敏感性,计算半数抑制浓度(IC50)和耐药指数(RI);Western blot检测多药耐药基因(MDR1,ABCB1)、多药耐药相关蛋白1(MRP-1,ABCC1)、多药耐药相关蛋白2(MRP-2,ABCC2)、Bax蛋白的表达,以及加入MDR1抑制剂CsA对肝癌细胞MDR1蛋白的表达影响;流式细胞仪(FCM)检测细胞周期及凋亡率。结果:历时6个月建成SK-Hep1/CDDP细胞株,其对CDDP的耐药指数为13.76,并对盐酸阿霉素(doxorubicin,DOX)、氟尿嘧啶(5-Fluororacil,5-FU)等多种抗肿瘤药物交叉耐药;Westernblot发现SK-Hep1/CDDP与亲本细胞相比MDR1、MRP-1、MRP-2的表达明显升高(P<0.01),Bax蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),加入小剂量环孢素A...     

Investigations on the mechanisms of methotrexate resistance in a cisplatin-resistant L1210 murine leukemia cell subline

 We report a murine leukemia cell variant (L1210/DDP), selected for cisplatin (DDP) resistance, to be cross-resistant to methotrexate (MTX). Cross-resistance of L1210 cells to DDP and MTX has been observed by others, and has also been recorded in P388 murine leukemia and SSC-25 human squamous carcinoma cells. We demonstrated that MTX resistance is not due to dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene amplification, increased DHFR enzyme activity or decreased MTX binding to the target enzyme. Of the mechanisms commonly proposed for MTX resistance, only differences in transport were observed when comparing sensitive (L1210/0) and resistant (L1210/DDP) cells. Our results suggest that MTX resistance in L1210/DDP cells is due to altered methotrexate uptake. Received: 3 August 1994/Accepted: 14 May 1995     

人卵巢癌永生化细胞系BUPH:OVSC-2的建立及其生物学特性研究

背景与目的：利用永生化技术建立预期表型的细胞系,已成为建设系的重要手段之一,而人卵巢癌永生化细胞系的建立国内外少有报道。本文介绍人卵巢肉瘤样癌永生化细胞系的建立,以及对其生物学特性的研究。方法：以手术切除的卵巢肉瘤样癌腹壁转移组织为材料,进行体外培养。将永生化基因SV40T抗原基因转染第10代细胞,经筛选、抗性克隆扩大培养,得到永生化细胞系。通过光学显微镜、电子显微镜、生化曲线测定、染色体分析、双层软琼脂培养、裸鼠接种、免疫组化等,研究其生物学特性,并与其来源细胞的生物学特性进行比较。结果：建立一株人卵巢肉瘤样癌永生化细胞系,命名为BUPH：OVSC－2,现已传至90年代。其生物学特性为：形态学观察细胞呈肉瘤样细胞形态,超微结构证实为上皮起源;细胞生长旺盛;具有恶性细胞的特征,恶性度高。通过比较,与其来源细胞的生物学特性无明显差别。结论：BUPH：OVSC－2为一株恶性度高的人卵巢肉瘤样癌永生化细胞系,保留了其来源细胞的生物学特性,可作为卵巢肉瘤样癌研究的实验模型。     

亚砷酸钠对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901作用机制的研究

 目的 探讨亚砷酸钠对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901生物学行为的影响及其作用机制。方法采用MTT法、光镜、电镜、流式细胞仪检测和免疫细胞化学方法研究亚砷酸钠对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901生物学行为的影响。结果 不同浓度（2.50～40.00 μmol／L）的亚砷酸钠均能抑制SGC-7901细胞生长，且具有浓度和时间依赖性，其作用72 h的中效浓度为8.69 μmol／L。流式细胞仪检测发现亚砷酸钠作用48 h，72 h后， SGC-7901细胞出现G2／M期阻滞。形态学观察显示亚砷酸钠作用72 h后，细胞出现典型的凋亡和坏死形态学改变。免疫细胞化学法发现亚砷酸钠能显著上调细胞Caspase-3蛋白的表达。结论 亚砷酸钠对SGC-7901细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用，并可诱导细胞周期阻滞及细胞凋亡和坏死，其机制可能与其抑制ROS的清除上调Caspase-3蛋白的表达有关。     

INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN GASTRIC CARCINOMA CELL LINE MGC-803 BY MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY PD4

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阿霉素诱导人肝癌细胞多药耐药株的建立及其生物学特性评价

背景与目的:多药耐药(multidrugresistance,MDR)是肿瘤治疗的主要障碍,为探讨体外逆转肿瘤MDR的新方法,本研究建立人肝癌细胞多药耐药模型HepG2/Adm,并研究其生物学特性。方法:以人肝癌细胞株HepG2为研究对象,用阿霉素(adriamycin,ADM)浓度梯度递增诱导法,建立HepG2/Adm。观察细胞的生长规律;用MTT法检测多药耐药性;流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布、细胞表面多药耐药基因(mdr1)的表达产物P-糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白(multidrugresistance-associatedprotein,MRP)、肺耐药蛋白(lung-relatedprotein,LRP)及谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathioneS-transferase,GST)的表达;逆转录PCR半定量检测4种MDR基因mRNA表达量。结果:与HepG2细胞比较,HepG2/Adm细胞倍增时间延长30.01h,S期细胞减少(5.6±0.03)%,G1、G2期细胞增多犤(4.2±0.09)%,(1.5±0.08)%犦。该细胞对多种抗肿瘤药物耐药,HepG2/Adm对阿霉素的耐药指数是亲本细胞的26倍,细胞表面多药耐药蛋白P-gp、MRP及GST的表达显著增加,LRP表达有一定的增加;上述四种耐药蛋白基因的表达均明显增加。结论:HepG2/Adm细胞具有多药耐药特性,其耐药性与P-gp、MRP及GST的过表达有关。     

Effect of glutathione depletion on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and iproplatin in a human melanoma cell line

 Previous studies from our laboratory have indicated that glutathione (GSH) may affect the cytotoxicity of iproplatin to a greater extent than four other platinum agents tested including cisplatin. Therefore we studied the effect of GSH depletion by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) on the cytotoxicity of iproplatin and cisplatin in a human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-2. Depletion of GSH was dependent on the concentration and time of incubation with BSO. BSO (100 μM) depleted GSH by 85% at 24 h and by 91% at 48 h. BSO (10 to 100 μM) by itself was not cytotoxic to SK-MEL-2 cells. At 85% depletion of GSH, cytotoxicity of iproplatin was increased by a factor of >7 and that of cisplatin by <2. These results confirm the previous finding that GSH interferes with the cytotoxicity of iproplatin to a significantly greater extent than that of cisplatin. Equitoxic IC₆₅ and IC₉₀ values of cisplatin (2 μM and 5 μM) or iproplatin (25 μM and 50 μM) had no effect on the intracellular GSH levels in SK-MEL-2 cells. Also, depletion of GSH by BSO had no effect on the accumulation of platinum from either cisplatin or iproplatin in this cell line. Our results suggest that the effect of GSH on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and iproplatin in this cell line was not a consequence either of differences in GSH–Pt conjugate formation, or of differences in platinum accumulation induced by GSH depletion. GSH may have modulated the cytotoxicity of these platinum complexes by other means such as effects on DNA repair, apoptosis, free radical scavenging or through other yet unidentified mechanisms. Received: 1 August 1995 / Accepted: 12 September 1996     

人子宫颈鳞状细胞癌细胞系HCC-0214的建立及其生物学特性

目的 建立人子宫颈鳞状细胞癌细胞系HCC-0214,为子宫颈癌研究提供实验模型。方法 无菌切除人子宫颈癌的手术标本,用组织块贴壁法体外培养,连续传代稳定生长后,绘制细胞生长曲线。采用光镜、电镜观察细胞形态,并进行细胞周期和染色体核形分析。用免疫组化法测定细胞系肿瘤标记物的(ER、PR、Keratine、PCNA)表达情况。结果 组织块贴壁法体外培养获得人子宫颈鳞状细胞癌细胞系HCC-0214(简称H),细胞维持培养16个月,传代131代,生长稳定,群体倍增时间为35．48h,细胞呈上皮镶嵌状贴壁生长,趋向复层生长,无接触抑制。超微结构显示,具有典型的桥粒结构和较多的张力原纤维。染色体数目35—156条,主流范围58—80条(64．8％),结构为人类染色体。细胞的肿瘤标记物(ER、PR、Keratine、PCNA)检测呈高表达,DNA指数为1．931。裸鼠移植瘤组织病理形态学与患者原始肿瘤一致,无血清培养成功。结论 通过组织块贴壁法体外培养建立的人子宫颈鳞状细胞癌细胞系HCC—0214,与原发癌保持相同的生物学特性,体外连续传代16个月以上,细胞形态不变,生长周期恒定,可望作为一个稳定的细胞系。     

人鼻咽癌顺铂耐药细胞系建立及其与凋亡关系的研究

目的:建立耐顺铂(DDP)人鼻咽鳞癌耐药细胞系HNE1/DDP,探讨其与凋亡的关系.方法:以DDP为诱导刺,采用浓度递增法诱导建立人鼻咽癌耐药细胞系HNE1/DDP,测定药物敏感性,绘制细胞生长曲线和分析细胞周期分布,TUNEL法测定凋亡指数,免疫细胞化学法检测凋亡相关蛋白p53、Bc1-2和Bax的表达.结果:成功建立DDP耐药细胞系HNE1/DDP,耐药指数为5.57;细胞增殖减慢,倍增时间较亲代延长(41.85h vs 37.44h),P=0.035;细胞周期分布改变,G0/G1期细胞增多,S期、G2/M期细胞减少;TUNEL法显示,耐药细胞较亲本细胞凋亡减少,凋亡细胞指数分别为3.80±0.26和21.43±0.11,x2=13.211,P=0.001;免疫细胞化学法显示,其Bax表达减少,阳性细胞指数分别为1.52±0.16和16.05±5.11,x2=11.966,P=0.001.结论:建立了稳定的人鼻咽癌耐药细胞系HNE1/DDP,其耐药机制与凋亡减少有关.     

CAL 27 is an oral adenosquamous carcinoma cell line

CAL 27 is one of the most frequently used cell lines in the field of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) studying. However, our recent studies showed that the growth pattern of CAL 27 xenograft did not seem like typical OSCC. In this study, we verified the identity of CAL 27 cells by using by short tandem repeat analysis. Then, we performed tumor formation assay, HE staining and immunohistochemistry assay to further study the growing characteristics and histopathological diagnosis of CAL 27 xenografts. Our results showed that CAL 27 xenografts grew slowly in vivo with vesicle formation at both the surfaces and deeper areas of the tumors. The CAL 27 xenografts were then diagnosed as oral adenosquamous carcinomas. Thus CAL 27 appears to be an oral adenosquamous carcinoma cell line.     

Establishment and characterization of a novel nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (SUNE2) from a Cantonese patient

The undifferentiated form of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignant head and neck cancer in South China, especially in Cantonese populations. However, few NPC cell lines have been established from the patients in this region. In this study, we established a new NPC cell line, termed SUNE2, from a Cantonese patient with undifferentiated NPC. This cell line had extremely low concentrations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in long-term culture and expressed low levels of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A), BamH1-A right frame 1 (BARF1), EBV-encoded RNA-1 (EBER1), and EBV-encoded RNA-2 (EBER2) in early passages. SUNE2 cells also showed much stronger transforming ability than 5-8F cells in colony formation assays and anchorage- independent growth assays in soft agar, and they only need 2 weeks to form tumors in nude mice. In summary, the SUNE2 cell line is a new in vitro model that can be used for further research on the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of NPC.     

Phase I trial of weekly docetaxel with a 4-weekly cisplatin administration in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma

The docetaxel-cisplatin combination is active against several tumors including gastric cancer but it is followed by severe myelosuppression. Recent experience with weekly taxanes has demonstrated a mild myelotoxicity with high dose intensity. We investigated in a phase I study a weekly schedule of docetaxel on days 1, 8 and 15 and cisplatin on day 1 every 4 weeks in 19 patients with advanced gastric cancer with no prior chemotherapy. Cohorts of patients were treated with escalating doses of docetaxel (starting dose 30 mg/m² per week and increments of 10 mg/m² per week) and cisplatin (starting dose 70 mg/m² and increments of 5 mg/m²). Febrile neutropenia was the only dose-limiting event occurring in four (20%) patients; the dose-limiting toxicity was reached at dose level three (docetaxel 40 mg/m² per week and cisplatin 75 mg/m²). The maximum-tolerated dose was 40 mg/m² per week for docetaxel and 70 mg/m² every 4 weeks for cisplatin. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in six patients (30%); early death occurred in one patient with septic shock because of neutropenia and another with acute coronary ischemia. Two (11%) complete and two (11%) partial responses were documented (ORR 22%; 95% CI 3–39%), with a median response duration of 5 months and median time to progression of 7 months. In conclusion, the combination of weekly docetaxel plus cisplatin is feasible with moderate toxicity and merits further investigation in phase II studies in advanced gastric cancer.Presented as an abstract at the 15th International Congress on Anti-Cancer Treatment, Paris, 9–12 February 2004.