保留椎弓根下壁的椎体截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形

目的 评估经后路保留椎弓根下壁椎体截骨术治疗陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形的手术方式及其临床疗效.方法 37例陈旧性胸腰椎骨折后凸畸形患者经后路行保留椎弓根下壁椎体截骨术,平均随访38.6个月.术前、术后3个月分别测量胸腰椎后凸Cobb角、截骨区前缘和后缘的高度以及填写视觉模拟疼痛量表（visual analog scale,VAS）.末次随访时测量胸腰椎后凸Cobb角.结果 术前Cobb角为41.6°±7.8°,术后3个月Cobb角为7.8°±4.3°,与术前相比差异有显著统计学意义（P＜0.05）;末次随访时Cobb角为8.6°±4.1°,较术后3个月无明显丢失（P＞0.05）.截骨区前缘高度增加（2.7±0.8）mm.截骨区后缘高度压缩（7.2±3.1）mm.术前、术后3月VAS评分分别为（7.1±2.9）分和（2.5±1.3）分,较术前明显改善（P＜0.05）.结论 保留椎弓根下壁椎体截骨术能够安全有效地矫正胸腰椎后凸畸形,完整地保留了伤椎峡部及下关节突,保持了伤椎与下位脊椎的连续性,减少了截骨区脊椎矢状面的移位,同时也保留了神经根通道的上壁,从而减少了神经根的损伤.     

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the treatment of scolioticrib hump deformity

A retrospective study of 21 patients with idiopathic scoliosis who underwent endoscopic thoracoplasty was done. The objective of the study was to report and assess the morbidity and mid term outcomes of video-assisted thoracoplasty in idiopathic scoliosis. Patients with idiopathic scoliosis often present cosmetic complaints due to their rib deformity. This deformity may still exist after surgical correction of the main scoliotic curve. Endoscopic thoracoplasty has been reported as a safe method in limited cases of idiopathic scoliosis. Between 2002 and 2004, 21 patients underwent endoscopic anterior release and thoracoplasty for significant rib hump deformity associated with idiopathic scoliosis. Patients were operated on lateral position, with two endoscopic ports. Anterior release and rib resection were performed during the first stage, and instrumented posterior fusion was performed in a second stage. Patients were evaluated preoperatively, 1 week after surgery, 6 months after surgery and at their most recent follow-up with clinical and radiological measurement of the rib deformity. The mean age at surgery was 14.9 years old (range 13–17 years). The average Cobb’s angle of the main scoliotic curve was 70° (range 60°–85°). Average follow-up was 25 months (range 23–32 months). The mean number of resected ribs was five ribs (range 4–7) and the mean length of the resected rib was 4.2 cm (range 2.2–7 cm). Average operating time of endoscopic thoracoplasty (including anterior release) was 65 min (range 45–108 min). The mean preoperative height of rib hump deformity was 3.6 cm (range 2.5–5.5 cm). It was reduced to 1.5 cm at most recent follow-up. There was no significant thoracic pain necessitating medication postoperatively. No complications related to endoscopic anterior release and rib hump resection occurred in the series. Endoscopic thoracoplasty is a safe and reliable technique in idiopathic scoliosis. If indicated, the anterior release can be performed with video-assistance and the thoracoplasty can be performed on the same stage.     

Effect of the upper instrumented vertebral level (upper vs. lower thoracic spine) on gait ability after corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity

Background Context

The relationship between gait pattern and the level of upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) in surgically treated patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) has not been fully documented.