结直肠癌肝转移的综合治疗

目的 总结和分析结直肠癌肝转移的早期诊断与治疗效果。方法 对19例结直肠癌肝转移患者通过检测血液癌胚抗原(CEA)、B超、CT扫描等检查．提出早期诊断及治疗方案。对肝转移灶根治切除的7例患者术后常规行肝动脉或门静脉插管皮下埋泵区域化疗术(DDS)．与12例仅行肝转移灶根治切除的患者进行1、3年生存率的比较。结果 早期诊断结直肠癌肝转移并到根治切除且术后行DDS的患者与单纯肝转移灶根治切除组1、3年生存率分别为86％、60％和66％、40％,统计学分析具有显著差异。结论 结直肠癌肝转移根治切除辅助术后行DDS治疗效果最好。     

结直肠癌肝转移的综合治疗

肝转移是影响结直肠癌预后的重要因素,约有50%的病人在结直肠癌确诊时或手术之后出现肝转移[1-2]。在众多治疗方法中,手术治疗术后5年存活率可达34%～38%[3],目前仍是惟一有效的治愈手段。但结直肠癌肝转移病人初诊时仅10%～25%适合手术切除,采用各种非手术治疗手段:全身静脉和介入化疗、分子靶向治疗和局部治疗(射频消融、激光消融、无水酒精注射和冷冻)等,既可提高手术切除率,又可延长无病进展生存时间,正日益受到关注[4],本文分别予以讨论。     

结直肠癌肝转移的综合治疗

作为结直肠癌的一种特定形式,结直肠癌肝转移已被认为是潜在可治愈的疾病[1]。近年来,随着规范化多学科团队诊疗模式的应用、外科技术的发展、新的化疗药物(尤其是小分子靶向药物)的涌现和非手术治疗方法的进步     

科学把握结直肠癌肝转移的多学科序贯综合治疗

结直肠癌是临床常见的肿瘤性疾病。全世界范围内每年约有新发病例近100万,死亡病例50万。最近的报道显示,结直肠癌是西方国家发病率居第3位的恶性肿瘤,而且是美国75岁以上人群发病率最高的恶性肿瘤。约有25%的患者在确诊结直     

手术治疗为主的综合治疗在结直肠癌肝转移中的应用体会

目的探讨以手术治疗为主的综合措施治疗结直肠癌肝转移的疗效。方法对我科2005年12月～2011年10月收治的29例结直肠癌肝转移患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均接受以手术治疗为主的综合治疗。结果 29例患者共行33次肝切除术,均无围手术期死亡。术后成功随访20例,16例目前仍存活,存活时间为0.5～5.5年,其中4例再次出现肝转移并再次接受手术治疗,余12例无肿瘤复发;4例死于结肠癌复发。结论以手术治疗为主的个体化综合治疗是结直肠癌肝转移的有效治疗方法,对复发性肝转移癌选择性再手术有利于提高治愈率。     

结直肠癌伴肝转移综合治疗83例临床分析

探讨结直肠癌肝转移的诊断与治疗并分析相关的预后因素。方法 我院2005年9月-2010年9月共收治113例结直肠癌肝转移患者,其中83例获得随访,并对其诊断和治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 经肠镜、B超、CT、MRI可明确诊断结直肠癌肝转移;CEA、CA199、CA125同时检查是肿瘤转移与复发的重要标志物;治疗包括手术治疗、辅助化疗、超声介入治疗,肝动脉插管或门脉插管化疗。其中原发灶+肝转移灶切除术患者共38例,1、2、3、5 年生存率分别为71.1%、26.3%、21.1%、13.2%。平均生存时间30.9个月。单纯行原发灶切除患者共19例,1、2、3、5年生存率分别为36.8%、15.8%、0%、0%。平均生存时间13.3个月。非手术治疗患者共26例,1、2、3、5年生存率为7.69%、3.8%、0%、0% 结论 对结直肠癌肝转移患者,采取积极的以原发结、直肠癌切除+肝转移灶手术为主导,辅助化疗,介入治疗等相结合的个体化综合治疗、更有利于提高患者的生活质量,延长患者的生存时间。     

结直肠癌肝转移多学科综合治疗协作组模式的规范化实施

肝转移是结直肠癌病人诊治中常见的情况,很大程度上决定了病人的预后。结直肠癌肝转移的治疗需要综合外科、化疗科、放疗科、影像科、病理科、介入科等多学科的意见。针对该方面的多学科综合治疗协作组（MDT）模式已经在临床上得到了广泛的开展,然而其运作流程尚无统一的共识和规范。明确参与人员资质、合理选择讨论对象、规范MDT流程制度、保持MDT的先进性对于结直肠癌MDT更好的开展意义重大。MDT的规范化实施将为结直肠癌肝转移病人的诊治提供有力保障。     

结直肠癌肝转移治疗体会

目的探讨结直肠癌肝转移的外科治疗。方法对新郑市人民医院1996年1月至2005年12月间手术治疗的12例结直肠癌肝转移病例资料,进行临床和病理资料的回顾性分析。结果12例患者同时癌4例,异时癌8例。肝转移灶根治性切除4例(33.3%),即手术切缘距离肿瘤边缘超过1.0 cm,肝转移灶均被切除;姑息性切除组8例(66.7%),即手术切缘有癌组织残留或肝门静脉、胆管内有癌栓或肝门部有转移淋巴结。本组患者生存期为4~76个月,中位生存期为35.1个月,5年生存期为25.0%。结论根治性切除是结直肠癌肝转移患者的重要手段。     

不同T分期结直肠癌发生肝肺转移患者的临床病理特征及预后

目的:探讨不同T分期结直肠癌发生肝肺同时转移患者的临床病理特征及其对预后的影响。方法:收集监测、流行病学与最终结果(SEER)数据库中2010年至2015年登记的结直肠癌发生肝肺转移2 602例患者的临床资料。根据T分期分为T0/T1期组545例、T2/T3期组1 138例、T4期组919例。对比3组在年龄、性别、种族...     

Extended Resections of Liver Metastases from Colorectal Cancer

Background Indications for resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer and surgical strategies are still under debate. Methods We have retrospectively reviewed the outcome of 660 patients after 685 liver resections for metastases of colorectal cancer in our institution from 1988 to 2004. All surviving patients have a minimum follow-up period of 1 year. The longest follow-up in these patients is 16 years. Three different time periods of 5 to 6 years each were analyzed. Results The 30- and 60-day mortality rates were 1.5% (n = 10) and 2.2 % (n = 15), respectively. The rate of formally curative (R0) resections was 84%. Five-year survival rates in all patients and in patients after R0 resection were 37% and 42%, respectively. If only resections from 1999 to 2004 were considered, 5-year survival in patients after R0 resection was 50%. In a multivariate analysis, surgical radicality, ligamental lymph node involvement, number of liver metastases, and time period, in which the liver resection had been performed, were independent prognostic parameters. Conclusions Outcome after liver resection for metastases from colorectal cancer has constantly improved. A formally curative resection is the most relevant prognostic parameter. Number of liver metastases and, in the few patients concerned, lymph node infiltration of the hepatoduodenal ligament, were further prognostic parameters.     

Trends in the Multimodality Treatment of Resectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: an Underutilized Strategy

Objective

Advances in multimodality therapy have led to increased survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but the impact on patients undergoing resection for colorectal liver metastases is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patterns of treatment for resectable colorectal liver metastases in the USA over the last two decades.

Methods

Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database, 1,926 patients who underwent hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastasis between 1991 and 2007 were included and divided into two cohorts: period 1 (1991–2000) and period 2 (2001–2007). Demographic data, treatment patterns, and outcomes of the two periods were compared by univariate methods. Multivariable regression models were constructed to predict the use of perioperative chemotherapy, postoperative complications, and 90-day mortality following liver resection.

Results

The overall use of perioperative chemotherapy was 33 % and did not differ between periods, but shifted from postoperative to preoperative over time. By multivariable analysis, older age, black race, stage III primary cancer, and metachronous disease were predictive of lesser likelihood of chemotherapy use. The use of preoperative chemotherapy was not associated with any increase in perioperative morbidity or mortality.

Conclusions

Despite increased survival and widespread recommendations for the use of multimodality therapy, the overall resection rate and use of perioperative chemotherapy for resectable colorectal liver metastases remain underutilized and have not increased over time. Efforts to investigate barriers to the widespread use of multimodality therapy for these patients are warranted.     

老年结直肠癌肝转移的治疗

目的 总结老年结直肠癌肝转移(CRCLM)治疗的现状,探讨老年CRCLM治疗的方法 和原则.方法 复习国内、外近年来有关老年CRCLM治疗的相关文献并作综述.结果 结直肠癌是消化系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,而最常见的转移部位是肝脏.近年来,老年结直肠癌发病率逐渐升高.虽然同年轻患者比较,老年CRCLM患者的身体状态和生理机能较差,但只要选取合适的病例,同样可以获得与年轻患者相似的治疗效果.目前,对于可切除的CRCLM患者,惟一可能治愈的手段仍然是外科手术治疗;而化疗和分子靶向药物治疗的最新进展,也让更多的老年患者生存获益.对于不可切除的CRCLM病灶尚可结合其他肝脏导向的局部治疗方法,如局部化疗、消融治疗等.结论 根据CRCLM的发病特点和老年患者的自身特点,采用多学科协作模式下的个体化治疗模式,可进一步提高老年CRCLM患者的综合治疗效果.     

Synchronous Resection of Colorectal Primary Cancer and Liver Metastases

Background Patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases are thought to have a less favorable prognosis than those with colorectal cancer alone. Surgical treatment options are controversial, be it synchronous resection or staged resection. This study compared the clinical, perioperative, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) results of patients undergoing synchronous resection versus staged resection. Methods An observational cohort study of 103 patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases was performed. All data were collected prospectively. Clinical, perioperative, DFS, and OS results of patients undergoing synchronous resection (group I, n = 73) and staged resection (group II, n = 30) were compared. Results More patients in group I had poorly differentiated colorectal cancer, bilobar liver metastases, more than three liver metastases, ≤4 cm liver metastases, and shorter hospital stays than patients in group II. There were no significant statistically differences in DFS and OS between the two groups. The median DFS of groups I and II were 28 and 26 months, respectively (p = 0.585). The median OS of groups I and II were 37 and 36 months, respectively (p = 0.900). Conclusions Synchronous resection achieved DFSs and OSs similar to those seen after staged resection while avoiding a second major operation.     

Timing of Multimodality Therapy for Resectable Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Retrospective Multi-Institutional Analysis

The optimal timing of chemotherapy relative to resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCRLM) is not known. The objective of this retrospective multi-institutional study was to assess the influence of chemotherapy administered before and after hepatic resection on long-term outcomes among patients with initially resectable SCRLM treated from 1995 to 2005. Clinicopathologic data, treatments, and long-term outcomes from patients with initially resectable SCRLM who underwent partial hepatectomy at three hepatobiliary centers were reviewed. Four hundred ninety-nine consecutive patients underwent resection; 297 (59.5%) and 264 (52.9%) were treated with chemotherapy before and after resection. Chemotherapy strategies included pre-hepatectomy alone (n = 148, 24.7%), post-hepatectomy alone (n = 115, 23.0%), perioperative (n = 149, 29.0%), and no chemotherapy (n = 87, 17.4%). Male gender (p = 0.0029, HR = 1.41 [1.12–1.77]), node-positive primary tumor (p = 0.0046, HR = 1.40 [1.11–1.77]), four or more SCRLM (p = 0.0005, HR = 1.65 [1.24–2.18]), and post-hepatectomy chemotherapy treatment for 6 months or longer (p = 0.039, HR = 0.75 [0.57–0.99]) were associated with recurrence-free survival after discovery of SCRLM. Carcinoembryonic antigen >200 ng/ml (p = 0.0003, HR = 2.33 [1.48–3.69]), extrahepatic metastatic disease (p = 0.0025, HR = 2.34 [1.35–4.05]), four or more SCRLM (p = 0.033, HR = 1.43 [1.03–2.00]), and post-hepatectomy chemotherapy treatment for 2 months or longer (p < 0.0001, HR = 0.59 [0.45–0.76]) were associated with overall survival. Pre-hepatectomy chemotherapy was not associated with recurrence-free or overall survival. Patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy had similar outcomes as patients treated with post-hepatectomy chemotherapy only. We conclude that chemotherapy administered after but not before resection of SCRLM was associated with improved recurrence-free and overall survival. However, prospective randomized trials are needed to determine the optimal timing of chemotherapy.     

Patterns of Recurrence After Ablation of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases

Purpose  

To determine the local recurrence rate and factors associated with recurrence after intraoperative ablation of colorectal cancer liver metastases.     

Survival Analysis of Resection of Lung Metastases From Colorectal Cancer

IntroductionThe publication of the International Registry of Lung Metastases (IRLM) in 1997 was a turning point in favor of surgical resection of lung metastases. Prognostic groups were defined according to resectability, number of metastases, and disease-free interval. The objective of this study was to determine survival in patients who underwent resection of lung metastases from colorectal carcinoma and to evaluate how applicable the prognostic factors established by the IRLM are in this specific patient group.Patients and MethodsPatients with lung metastases from colorectal carcinoma who underwent resection between January 1, 2000, and November 30, 2006, were retrospectively analyzed. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, with log-rank comparisons between groups.ResultsSurvivals at 1, 3, 5, and 6 years was 92%, 75%, 54%, and 43%, respectively. The main finding was that 3-year survival was better in patients who underwent atypical resection of the metastasis (75%) than those who required lobectomy (55%). There were no significant differences in survival in terms of number of lung metastases resected or disease-free interval.ConclusionsSurvival in patients requiring lobectomy for resection of lung metastases from colorectal carcinoma was worse than in those who underwent atypical resection. The number of metastases and disease-free interval may be questionable prognostic factors in the case of lung metastases from colorectal carcinoma.