高通量滤器干预对维持性血液透析患者钙、磷、甲状旁腺的代谢调节作用

目的:探讨高通量滤器干预对维持性血液透析患者血清钙、磷以及甲状旁腺素水平的影响。方法:48例维持性血液透析患者改用高通量滤器透析治疗3个月为高通量组,另48例采用低通量滤器干预维持血液透析患者作为低通量组。比较2组血清钙、磷、全段甲状旁腺素(i PTH)水平的差异。结果:与低通量组比较,高通量组患者血钙水平显著升高,血磷、甲状旁腺素水平明显降低(均P0.05),高通量组血清钙2.10~2.50 mmol/L、血清磷0.81~1.45 mmol/L、i PTH 130~600 ng/L达标控制率显著高于低通量组(P0.05)。结论:高通量滤器透析能够有效改善尿毒症维持性血液透析患者钙、磷、甲状旁腺代谢紊乱,值得在临床中推广应用。     

四种血液透析对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病相关因素血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素等的临床研究

目的探讨普通血液透析、血液透析滤过、血液滤过、高通量血液透析对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病相关因素血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素等的影响。方法选取2014年7月~2016年4月我院肾性骨病血液透析患者76例,根据透析方式不同分为A组(普通血液透析)、B组(血液透析滤过)、C组(血液滤过)、D组(高通量血液透析),各19例,比较各组透析前后血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素、血清白蛋白水平下降率及不良反应发生情况。结果透析后B、C、D组血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平下降率优于A组,C、D组血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平下降率优于B组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)各组间透析后不良反应发生情况对比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高通量血液透析可有效改善维持性血液透析肾性骨病患者血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平。     

高通量透析对维持性血液透析患者钙磷代谢及甲状旁腺激素的影响

目的探讨高通量透析对维持性血液透析(MHD)患者钙磷代谢及甲状旁腺激素的影响。方法选择2013-02~2014-12该院行MHD治疗的62例患者作为研究对象,将患者按随机数字表法分为高通量组32例和低通量组30例,分别给予高通量和低通量血液透析治疗,比较两组透析前及透析后1个月、6个月时血钙、血磷及甲状旁腺激素的水平变化。结果与透析前相比较,透析后1个月和6个月时高通量组血磷、钙磷乘积、甲状旁腺激素水平均明显下降(P0.05),而低通量组所有指标均未出现明显变化(P0.05)。与低通量组比较,透析后1个月、6个月时高通量组血磷、钙磷乘积、甲状旁腺激素水平均明显较低(P0.05)。结论高通量血液透析能有效降低MHD患者甲状旁腺激素的水平及改善磷代谢紊乱。     

常用血液净化方法对维持性血液透析患者血清甲状旁腺素的清除效果

目的探讨常用血液净化方法对维持性血液透析患者血清甲状旁腺素的清除效果。方法选取眉山市彭山区人民医院2014年1月—2017年1月收治的维持性血液透析慢性肾衰竭患者90例,按照计算机随机数字分组法分为A组、B组、C组,各30例。A组患者采取血液透析治疗,B组患者采取血液透析滤过治疗,C组患者采取血液透析+血液灌流治疗,比较3组患者治疗前后肾功能指标(血肌酐、尿素氮)、血清甲状旁腺素水平及降低幅度。结果治疗前后3组患者血肌酐、尿素氮水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后3组患者血肌酐、尿素氮水平低于治疗前(P0.05)。A组患者治疗前后甲状旁腺素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);B组、C组患者治疗后甲状旁腺素水平低于治疗前(P0.05);B组、C组患者甲状旁腺素水平降低幅度大于A组(P0.05),但B组和C组患者甲状旁腺素水平降低幅度比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在维持性血液透析患者中,采用血液透析滤过、血液透析联合血液灌流、血液透析这三种血液净化方法进行治疗均可有效改善患者的肾功能,但血液透析滤过、血液透析联合血液灌流对甲状旁腺素的清除效果更好。     

不同透析方式治疗尿毒症皮肤瘙痒的疗效比较及对血清甲状旁腺素、β2微球蛋白水平的影响

目的探讨不同透析方式治疗尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒的疗效及对患者血清甲状旁腺素和β2微球蛋白水平的影响。方法选择该院2011²013年收治的80例尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者,随机分为高通量血液透析组(HFHD组)和血液透析滤过组(HDF组),各40例。两组患者分别进行不同血液透析治疗,透析时间每周22013年收治的80例尿毒症皮肤瘙痒患者,随机分为高通量血液透析组(HFHD组)和血液透析滤过组(HDF组),各40例。两组患者分别进行不同血液透析治疗,透析时间每周2³次,每次4.03次,每次4.0⁴.5 h,共观察12 w,应用视觉模拟评分法评估皮肤瘙痒程度,并于治疗前后检测患者血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、钙、磷、甲状旁腺素(PTH)和β2微球蛋白(β2-M)水平。结果治疗前HFHD组和HDF组皮肤瘙痒评分分别为(6.57±2.08)分、(6.52±1.96)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后HFHD组和HDF组皮肤瘙痒评分分别为(2.17±0.85)分、(3.82±0.94)分,与治疗前比较,治疗后两组皮肤瘙痒评分均显著下降(P<0.05),且治疗后HFHD组皮肤瘙痒评分显著低于HDF组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者血Cr、BUN、钙、磷比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后两组血Cr、BUN水平均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),而治疗后两组之间Cr、BUN水平比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组患者透析后血钙均显著升高、血磷显著下降(P<0.05),HFHD组治疗后血钙显著高于HDF组,血磷显著低于HDF组(均P<0.05)。透析后两组PTH和β2-M均显著降低(P<0.05),HFHD组治疗后PTH和β2-M显著低于HDF组(P<0.05)。结论高通量血液透析和血液透析滤过对尿毒症患者皮肤瘙痒均有较好的疗效,高通量血液透析效果更佳。     

高通量血液透析治疗老年尿毒症患者钙磷代谢异常的临床疗效

目的探讨高通量血液透析对老年尿毒症患者钙磷代谢异常的临床疗效。方法选取老年尿毒症患者钙磷代谢异常患者146例,随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各73例。对照组给予低通量血液透析治疗,观察组给予高通量血液透析治疗,两组均治疗6个月。对两组治疗前后血磷、血钙、血肌酐及血甲状旁腺素水平变化及不良反应发生情况进行观察。结果治疗前两组患者血磷、血钙、血肌酐和血甲状旁腺素水平均无明显差异(P0.05),治疗后两组血磷、血钙、血肌酐和血甲状旁腺素水平差异显著(P0.05);治疗期间,两组患者均无明显不良反应发生。结论高通量血液透析可显著改善老年尿毒症患者钙磷代谢异常,无明显不良反应,安全有效,值得推广。     

常用血液净化方法对维持性血液透析患者血清甲状旁腺素的清除效果

目的探讨常用血液净化方法对维持性血液透析患者血清甲状旁腺素的清除效果。方法选取眉山市彭山区人民医院2014年1月—2017年1月收治的维持性血液透析慢性肾衰竭患者90例,按照计算机随机数字分组法分为A组、B组、C组,各30例。A组患者采取血液透析治疗,B组患者采取血液透析滤过治疗,C组患者采取血液透析+血液灌流治疗,比较3组患者治疗前后肾功能指标(血肌酐、尿素氮)、血清甲状旁腺素水平及降低幅度。结果治疗前后3组患者血肌酐、尿素氮水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后3组患者血肌酐、尿素氮水平低于治疗前(P<0.05)。A组患者治疗前后甲状旁腺素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组、C组患者治疗后甲状旁腺素水平低于治疗前(P<0.05);B组、C组患者甲状旁腺素水平降低幅度大于A组(P<0.05),但B组和C组患者甲状旁腺素水平降低幅度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在维持性血液透析患者中,采用血液透析滤过、血液透析联合血液灌流、血液透析这三种血液净化方法进行治疗均可有效改善患者的肾功能,但血液透析滤过、血液透析联合血液灌流对甲状旁腺素的清除效果更好。     

肝硬化患者血清钙、磷、甲状旁腺素及骨密度指标的变化与Child-Pugh分级的关系

目的 探讨肝硬化患者血清钙、磷、甲状旁腺素及骨密度指标的变化与Child-Pugh分级的关系.方法 肝硬化患者43例,Child-Pugh分级A级12例,B级16例,C级15例.正常对照组15例,男10例,女5例.用免疫放射法(IRMA)测定甲状旁腺素(PTH),生化检测血清钙(Ca2 )、磷(P3 ),单光子骨矿分析仪检测尺骨平均密度.结果 血清甲状旁腺素随病情加重显著升高(P＜0.01);血清钙、尺骨平均骨密度随病情加重显著降低(P＜0.01);Child-Pugh分级A级患者血清甲状旁腺素、钙及骨密度和正常对照组检测结果比较,差异无统计学意义.结论 肝硬化患者血清钙、甲状旁腺素及骨密度的变化与肝性骨营养不良之间有密切关系,且与肝硬化程度密切相关.     

Clinical analysis of hyperphosphataemia in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的 了解维持性血液透析患者高磷血症的临床特点,提高透析患者生活质量.方法 选取2009年6月1日和6月2日在我院血液透析中心接受维持性血液透析且透析时间超过3个月的患者118例.根据基线血磷水平将患者分为高磷组(71例,血磷≥1.78 mmol/L)和对照组(47例,血磷＜1.78 mmo/L).随访观察2年,探讨血磷水平与透析患者心脏结构和功能的关系.结果 高磷组与对照组的性别、年龄及透析通路等比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而透析方式、透析龄、透析间期每日尿量、透析器面积、透析血流量等比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组患者在透析前血清肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸、总二氧化碳、全段甲状旁腺激素、白蛋白、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等比较差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),但两组患者血钙和血红蛋白水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).心脏彩超检查显示高磷组患者左心室后壁、室间隔厚度、左心室舒张末期容积及心脏质量显著高于对照组,但两组射血分数及左心室收缩末期容积比较差异无统计学意义.随访2年,两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但高磷组冠心病发生率显著高于对照组(35.2％和17.0％,P＜0.05).结论 患高磷血症的维持性血液透析患者往往存在透析不充分,其患冠心病的风险显著升高,充分透析、积极降低血磷水平能改善血透患者生活质量.     

高通量透析对尿毒症血液透析患者血脂代谢的影响

目的 探讨高通量透析对尿毒症血液透析患者血脂代谢的影响.方法 将60例尿毒症患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例,观察组采用高通量血液透析治疗,对照组采用常规血液透析治疗,比较两组患者的血浆胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、脂蛋白A、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)的变化情况.结果 两组患者的BUN、Cr 水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),观察组患者血浆TC、TG、LDL 和脂蛋白A均明显低于对照组,而HDL明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 高通量透析可以显著改善透析患者的血脂代谢.     

成年血液透析患者矿物质及骨代谢紊乱调查

目的 调查江苏省昆山市第一人民医院维持性血液透析（maintenance hemodialysis,MHD）患者的慢性肾脏病矿物质及骨代谢异常（chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders,CKD-MBD）情况,比较分析老年和非老年患者CKD-MBD的特点,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 调查234例MHD患者的透析龄、透前肌酐、血小板、白蛋白、血色素、血钙、血磷、ALP及iPTH的水平及临床资料,与指南比较分析老年组和非老年组血钙、血磷、ALP及iPTH的特点.结果 我院MHD患者非老年组患病率高于老年组（P＜0.05）;透析龄、干体重、透前肌酐、白蛋白水平等指标两组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;血清钙、磷、iPTH达标率分别为83.76％、19.66％、40.17％.两组比较,老年组血清钙、磷、iPTH、ALP均不同程度的低于非老年组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 老年组MHD患者CKD-MBD指标低于非老年组,提示两组患者CKD-MBD发生机制存在差异,老年患者容易合并低转运骨病（akinesis bone disease,ABD）.     

透析患者甲状旁腺机能亢进与左心室肥厚的关系

目的　了解透析患者甲状旁腺机能亢进与左心室肥厚 (L VH)的相关关系。方法　分别测量我院 46例腹膜透析 (CAPD)患者、73例血液透析 (HD)患者、18例透析前慢性肾衰竭患者及 16例健康人的超声心动图 ,以了解左心室肥厚的发生率 ,并分别检查血甲状旁腺素 (i PTH)、钙、磷水平 ,分析血钙、磷、i PTH与 L VH之间的关系。结果　CAPD组、HD组、肾衰竭组的 i PTH较对照组明显增高 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,以肾衰竭组升高明显 ,并且与 L VH呈显著正相关 (r=0 .70 5 ,P<0 .0 0 1)。 CAPD组、HD组的血钙值、血磷值与对照组无明显差别 ,而慢性肾衰竭组则血钙明显低下、血磷明显升高。结论　尿毒症患者普遍存在甲状旁腺机能亢进 ,是导致透析患者心血管疾病发病率增高的原因之一     

维持性血液透析患者的血压与透析充分性及相关因素分析

目的观察维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血压与透析充分性及其它相关因素间的关系。方法 56例MHD连续12次记录透析前后血压、体重、超滤量(FV),分别计算收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和平均动脉压(MAP)的均值,第0、1、2、3个月透析前后测定血液生化值、甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct),计算尿素清除指数(Kt/V)、尿素下降率(URR)。结果透析充分组(Kt/V≥1.2、URR≥0.65)MHD患者血压明显低于透析不充分组(Kt/V<1.2、URR<0.65)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Hct≥0.22组与Hct<0.22组比较MAP差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示透析间期体重增加量、体重增加率、透析不充分及血清PTH水平与透析前收缩压密切相关(OR=1.98~3.50,P<0.05)。结论充分透析、减少容量负荷是控制MHD患者高血压的关键,透析不充分、透析间期体重增长过多、高血清甲状旁腺激素水平与透析前收缩压升高有密切关系。     

维持性血液透析患者继发甲状旁腺功能亢进甲状旁腺切除后左心室功能的变化

目的了解维持性血液透析患者甲状旁腺切除后左心室收缩与舒张功能的变化。 方法选择2013年3月至2016年9月在济南军区总医院维持性血液透析继发甲状旁腺功能亢进行甲状旁腺切除术的患者33例,采用自身对照,将患者治疗前定为对照组、手术后定为观察组。分别于术前1个月内、术后6个月检测甲状旁腺激素(intact parathyroid hormone,iPTH)、血钙、血磷、钙磷乘积等生化指标,左心室舒张末期室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左心室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end-diastolic volume,LVdV)、二尖瓣E/A值、组织多普勒获得的二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值(Ea)与舒张晚期峰值(Aa)比值,左心室整体应变率(strain rate,SR,SR)。采用配对样本t检验。 结果观察组iPTH、血钙、血磷、钙磷乘积以及LVEF、LVdV、二尖瓣E/A值、Ea/Aa、SR较对照组均明显下降(P值分别为0.000、0.037、0.008、0.000、0.037、0.021、0.026、0.017、0.033,P均<0.05),生化指标变化幅度以iPTH下降最为明显,依次为钙磷乘积、血钙、血磷(P>0.05),反映左心室舒张功能的二尖瓣E/A值、Ea/Aa变化幅度(23.88±10.24、0.43±13.17)明显大于反映左心室收缩功能的LVEF、SR变化幅度(16.48±3.76、16.79±4.32)(P<0.05),LVEF与SR的变化幅度两者之间无明显差异(P>0.05),E/A与Ea/Aa的变化幅度两者之间有明显差异(P＝0.020)。 结论维持性血液透析患者继发甲状旁腺功能亢进甲状旁腺切除后左心室舒张功能的改善程度高于收缩功能。     

Serum Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor‐κ B Ligand,Osteoprotegrin, and Intact Parathyroid Hormone in Hemodialysis and Renal Transplant Patients

Serum receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κ B ligand and osteoprotegrin are mediated to vascular calcification in the general population. Our knowledge is very sparse in hemodialysis and renal transplant patients. Receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κ B ligand, osteoprotegrin, intact parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphorus were measured in blood samples of 45 hemodialysis and 45 age‐matched renal transplant patients. Osteoprotegrin (P = 0.001) and intact parathyroid hormone (P = 0.001) levels in the hemodialysis patients were higher than the renal transplant recipients. Osteoprotegrin had positive correlation with duration of dialysis and age in the hemodialysis (r = 0.88, P = 0.001 and r = 0.34, P = 0.02, respectively) and renal transplant patients (r = 0.92, P = 0.001 and r = 0.46, P = 0.001, respectively). Hemodialysis patients have higher osteoprotegrin levels than the renal transplant recipients. It may act as a protective factor for renal osteodystrophy or only as a secondary phenomenon of advanced renal failure.     

Intravenous alfacalcidol once weekly suppresses parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis patients

Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism is difficult because of the interrelationship of parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus. This study was carried out to assess the efficacy of intravenous administration of alfacalcidol once weekly versus twice weekly in patients with severe hyperparathyroidism. Twenty-one hemodialysis patients with intact parathyroid hormone >88 pmol/L were divided into two groups. Eleven patients (Group 1) were given a once-weekly alfacalcidol intravenously for 12 weeks. The starting dose was 4 microg which was increased or decreased by 1 microg per week. Ten patients (Group 2) were given twice-weekly alfacalcidol intravenously for 12 weeks. The starting dose was 2 microg twice weekly which was increased or decreased by 0.5 microg/dose. The dose was increased or decreased according to serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured weekly and intact parathyroid hormone every 4 weeks. Intact parathyroid hormone reduced significantly (P = 0.0001) from 128.12 +/- 35.42 pmol/L to 82.93 +/- 65.20 pmol/L and from 113.74 +/- 40.83 pmol/L to 64.24 +/- 35.17 pmol/L after 4 weeks in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. After 4 weeks alkaline phosphatase declined significantly (P = 0.0001) from 146.0 +/- 57.3 IU/L to 116.0 +/- 45.6 IU/L in Group 1 and from 139.0 +/- 45.1 IU/L to 116.6 +/- 38 IU/L in Group 2. There were no significant differences in serum levels of calcium, phosphorous or their product. Interestingly, an adenoma disappeared in one patient from Group 1, and out of two adenomas, one disappeared from another patient in the same group. These results indicate that intravenous alfacalcidol once weekly is safe and effective in suppressing high parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis patients.     

Effect of Calcium Carbonate Combined With Calcitonin on Hypercalcemia in Hemodialysis Patients

This short‐term study assessed the efficacy and safety of calcium carbonate combined with calcitonin in the treatment of hypercalcemia in hemodialysis patients. Patients (n = 64) on hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease for more than 6 months were included based on total serum calcium more than 10.5 mg/dL. All patients were randomized (1 : 1) to receive calcium carbonate combined with calcitonin (Group I) or lanthanum carbonate (Group II) for 12 weeks. Blood levels of calcium, phosphorus and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured every month, bone mass density (BMD) and coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) were measured at 3 months. During the study period, serum calcium decreased from 10.72 ± 0.39 to 10.09 ± 0.28 mg/dL (P < 0.05), serum phosphorus decreased from 6.79 ± 1.05 to 5.46 ± 1.18 mg/dL (P < 0.05), and serum iPTH levels in the Group I and Group II were not significantly different from the baseline. There were no significant differences in CACS in either group. There were no significant differences in the BMD values between Group I and baseline. In Group II, the BMD values at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were significantly lower than those before the trial and significantly lower than the corresponding values of Group I (P < 0.05). Calcium carbonate combined with calcitonin and lanthanum carbonate were equally effective in the suppression of hypercalcemia in hemodialysis patients. There were no serious treatment‐related adverse events in treatment with calcium carbonate combined with calcitonin.     

Control of parathyroid function in patients with a short history of hemodialysis

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is one of the serious complications in patients with chronic kidney disease. Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), stimulated partly by hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia complicating chronic kidney disease (CKD). Use of a calcium-based phosphate binder might be sufficient to reduce serum PTH levels in mild SHPT, while the recent K/DOQI clinical guidelines recommended vitamin D therapy for dialysis patients with serum level of intact parathyroid hormone of 300 pg/mL or more. We conducted a 6-month prospective controlled trial of 50 patients initiating hemodialysis therapy who were randomized to receive oral calcium carbonate alone or the drug plus oral vitamin D sterol, calcitriol or alfacalcidol. The primary end point was the proportion of randomized patients who had a mean PTH level of 300 pg/mL or less at the end of this study. The secondary end point included the percent change in the values for corrected calcium, phosphorus, the calcium-phosphorus product, and PTH. Eighty percent of patients receiving calcium carbonate without vitamin D sterols (20 of 25) reached the primary end point-a mean PTH level of 300 pg/mL or less after the period-as compared with 84% of those receiving calcium carbonate and vitamin D sterol (21 of 25) (Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.18-3.25, P = 0.71). The other effects of the two regimens on the secondary end points were not significantly different after 6 months. In SHPT of dialysis patients initiating hemodialysis, oral calcium carbonate use alone was not inferior to additional vitamin D sterol use with calcium carbonate in reducing serum PTH levels. Our result indicated that, if serum calcium and phosphorus levels are controlled primarily regardless of used agents, it will be followed by reduction of serum PTH level in these patients.     

不同血液净化方法对肾衰合并继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者血清甲状旁腺激素水平的影响

目的探讨不同血液净化方法对慢性肾衰竭（CRF）合并继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进（SHPT）患者血清甲状旁腺激素水平的影响。方法将53例CRF合并SHPT患者随机分为血液透析（HD）组16例,血液透析滤过（HDF）组22例,血液灌流＋血液透析（HP＋HD）组15例,比较治疗前及治疗后6个月血清甲状旁腺激素（PTH）和钙、磷水平的变化。结果治疗后6个月与治疗前比较,HDF组、HP＋HD组PTH水平明显下降（P均〈0.01）,HP＋HD组血磷水平明显下降（P〈0.05）;三组治疗后血钙水平无明显变化。结论HP＋HD与HDF均能够使CRF合并SHPT患者PTH水平下降。     

Effects of Lowering Dialysate Calcium Concentration on Bone Metabolic Markers in Hemodialysis Patients With Suppressed Serum Parathyroid Hormone: A Preliminary Study

Although the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend a dialysate calcium concentration between 2.5 and 3.0 mEq/L, its optimal concentration remains unclear. A total of 53 hemodialysis patients with intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels <150 pg/mL were enrolled in this prospective observational study. A dialysate calcium concentration was converted from 3.0 to 2.75 mEq/L and bone metabolic markers including bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐5b (TRACP‐5b) were examined. After 3 months, serum corrected calcium levels decreased (P < 0.001), while serum intact PTH, BAP and TRACP‐5b levels increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analyses showed that the amount of change in BAP was significantly associated with dialysis vintage (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the lowering of dialysate calcium concentration stimulated parathyroid gland and bone remodeling in hemodialysis patients with suppressed PTH, particularly with longer dialysis vintage.