应用EXPORT血栓抽吸导管在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的有效性观察

目的:研究急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中血栓抽吸对各项心肌灌注和临床指标的影响。方法:108例冠状动脉造影证实血栓负荷重的急性STEMI患者,随机分为血栓抽吸+PCI组(n=53)及传统PCI组(n=55),比较两组术后心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验(TIMI)血流分级、校正TIMI帧数、TIMI心肌灌注分级、ST段抬高回落百分比、血浆肌酸激酶MB同工酶、肌钙蛋白I峰值及术后30天主要心脏不良事件发生率的差别。结果:血栓抽吸+PCI组TIMI血流分级、校正TIMI帧数、TIMI心肌灌注分级、ST段抬高回落百分比均明显优于传统PCI组(P<0.05或0.01),且血浆肌酸激酶MB同工酶、肌钙蛋白I峰值显著低于传统PCI组(P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。结论:STEMI直接PCI中应用血栓抽吸可以改善血流及心肌灌注情况、降低心肌标志物峰值。     

四氢喋呤对兔缺血再灌注损伤内皮功能的保护作用

目的　研究四氢喋呤 (BH4 )对兔实验性缺血再灌注 (MI R)损伤中一氧化氮 (NO)、丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)水平及心肌梗死面积的影响。方法　 2 4只新西兰兔随机分为假手术组、模型组和药物干预组 3组。制备MI R模型 ,观察BH4 预处理后MI R损伤中NO、MDA、SOD水平的变化及对心肌梗死面积的影响。结果　模型组较假手术组NO显著减低 [(2 8± 10 ) μmol L比(116± 17) μmol L ,P <0 0 1],MDA水平明显升高 [(5 8 3± 10 4 )nmol L比 (7 0± 1 8)nmol L ,P <0 0 1],SOD活性明显减低 [(2 6 8± 17)nu ml比 (340± 2 4 )nu ml,P <0 0 5 ];而BH4 预处理组较模型组NO明显升高 [(6 2± 17) μmol L比 (2 8± 10 ) μmol L ,P <0 0 1],MDA明显减低 [(30 9± 6 1)nmol L比(5 8 3± 10 4 )nmol L ,P <0 0 1],SOD活性无明显改变 [(2 88± 2 0 )nu ml比 (2 6 8± 17)nu ml,P >0 0 5 ];BH4 预处理组和模型组心肌梗死面积差异有显著性 [(18± 4 ) %比 (16± 4 ) % ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　MI R导致内皮功能紊乱。BH4 对内皮功能有保护作用 ,从而减轻再灌注损伤。     

冠脉内应用半量替罗非班在老年急性心肌梗死急诊PCI中的疗效及安全性

目的 探讨冠脉内应用半量血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/ Ⅲa受体拮抗剂盐酸替罗非班在老年急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术中的效果及安全性。方法 2012.1—2015.1入院的125例行急诊PCI的老年(>70岁)STEMI患者,随机分为替罗非班组62例和对照组63例,替罗非班组冠脉内注射小剂量盐酸替罗非班(5μg/kg),继而以0.075μg/(kg.min)由微量泵持续静脉泵入24小时,对照组不予应用。对比分析两组PCI术后IRA TIMI血流分级,校正的TIMI计帧数(CTFC)及心肌灌注分级(TMP),PCI术后30d主要不良心脏事件(MACE)及出血并发症。结果 PCI术后IRA TIMI 3级比例替罗非班组高于对照组(91.94% vs 79.37 %, P<0.05),CTFC亦显示替罗非班组低于对照组(22.79±5.75vs 31.36±4.72, P<0.05);心肌灌注分级TMP2级以上的比例替罗非班组高于对照组(74.19% vs 55.56%, P<0.05);出血并发症两组无显著性差异,MACE发生率替罗非班组低于对照组(6.45% vs 19.05%, P<0.05)。结论：老年STEMI患者急诊PCI术前冠脉内应用半量盐酸替罗非班可以迅速抑制血小板聚集,增加IRA TIMI血流分级,改善心肌灌注,减少无复流发生,而且不增加出血并发症,减少了MACE事件发生。     

血糖对直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后患者心肌灌注的影响

目的观察血糖升高对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后的预后和心肌灌注影响。方法选取接受直接PCI治疗的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者308例,根据入院第一次随机血糖分为3组,1组<7.8MMOL/L,2组7.8～11.0MMOL/L,3组≥11.0MMOL/L。1组为血糖正常组,2、3组为血糖升高组。结果入院随机血糖高的患者,女性所占比例较高(19.2%比31.4%、37.9%,P<0.05),平均年龄较大[(58.5±11.3)岁比(61.6±11.2)岁、(63.6±11.2)岁,P<0.05)]。3组与1组相比血甘油三酯[(1.53±0.77)MMOL/L比(1.30±0.67)MMOL/L,P<0.05]浓度较高。冠状动脉造影结果中,2、3组多支血管病变较多(53.8%比72.1%、69.7%,P<005)。PCI术后梗死相关血管TIMI血流分级(TFG)3级,三组差异无统计学意义(89.7%、86.0%和86.3%,P>0.05)。血糖升高的两组,PCI术后梗死相关血管的校正TIMI帧计数(CTFC)数值高于第1组[(28.4±18.3)和(27.1±17.2)比(22.3±12.8),P<0.05],TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)0～1级(30.3%和29.0%比17.3%,P<0.05)多见。PCI术后心电图分析:3组1HST段回落≥50%及3HT波倒置较1组少(56.7%比72.0%,58.3%比73.4%,P<0.05)。左室射血分数在2、3组患者明显降低[(54.9±10.0)和(54.8±10.0)比(57.9±9.0),P<0.05]。血糖≥11.0MMOL/L组30D内病死率高于血糖正常组(10.4%比2.6%,P<0.05)。结论入院随机血糖升高的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者,进行直接介入治疗后的心肌灌注较差,进而影响心功能,增加患者30D内病死率。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后中性粒细胞水平与心肌灌注和心功能的相关性研究

目的:评价急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后中性粒细胞水平与心肌灌注和心功能的相关性。方法:入选发病12 h内195例成功接受PCI的STEMI患者。PCI后12 h进行中性粒细胞计数检测,随访6个月记录心脏不良事件。根据其中性粒细胞水平分为3组:中性粒细胞4.78×109/L组(A组),32例;中性粒细胞4.78~8.79×109/L组(B组),118例;中性粒细胞8.79×109/L组(C组),45例。结果:①急诊PCI后B组和C组患者TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)0~1级所占比例高于A组、TMPG达3级所占比例低于A组(均P0.05);②C组心功能Killp分级≥2级患者所占比例明显高于A组和B组(均P0.05);③随访6个月时C组心脏不良事件的发生率明显高于A组和B组(均P0.05)。结论:STEMI患者PCI后中性粒细胞水平越高,心肌灌注越差。PCI后中性粒细胞数早期监测有利于急性心肌梗死患者PCI后临床预后的评价。     

腺苷对急性心肌梗死病人PCI术后心肌再灌注损伤的临床观察

目的观察腺苷对急性心肌梗死(AM I)患者行PC I后再灌注损伤心肌的保护作用。方法AM I患者分为腺苷组和生理盐水组,行PC I时一组冠脉内推注腺苷,一组推注生理盐水,并测定血浆SOD、MDA、CK-MB峰值。结果腺苷组MDA较生理盐水组低(5.01±0.80 vs 6.97±0.86,P<0.05),腺苷组SOD较生理盐水组高(80.70±3.23 vs 61.63±3.49,P<0.05),腺苷组CK-MB峰值较生理盐水组明显降低(123.6±84.3 vs186.1±92.2,P<0.05)。结论AM I患者行急诊PC I术时冠脉内应用腺苷能减轻心肌再灌注损伤。     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者行急诊PCI时替罗非班的使用时机及安全性

目的探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)时替罗非班的使用时机及安全性。方法选择182例STEMI行急诊PCI患者。将患者分为3组:在抢救室应用替罗非班患者为早期应用组(98例),在导管室应用替罗非班患者为常规应用组(40例),未应用替罗非班者为对照组(44例)。观察各组PCI术前、术后即刻梗死相关动脉的血流及心肌灌注情况、心肌损伤标志物、主要不良心脏事件,记录出血并发症和血小板减少症的发生率。结果早期应用组PCI术前心肌梗死溶栓试验血流分级、心肌灌注分级明显高于常规应用组和对照组(P均<0.05),心肌损伤标志物、主要不良心脏事件明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。3组间出血并发症、血小板减少症、再发心绞痛、心肌梗死、病死率等比较无统计学意义。结论 STEMI患者行急诊PCI早期应用替罗非班是安全的,且可改善PCI术前即刻梗死相关动脉的血流和心肌灌注。     

早期口服尼可地尔在老年急性 ST 段抬高心肌梗死急诊 PCI 中的效果

目的 通过观察早期口服尼可地尔对老年急性ST段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）患者急诊PCI术后的心肌受损程度、冠脉微循环灌注水平、心脏功能的影响及MACE,探讨尼可地尔对老年急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者心肌保护作用。方法 2013.7—2015.1入院的115例行急诊PCI的老年STEMI患者（>60岁）,随机分为尼可地尔组57例和对照组58例,尼可地尔组入院确诊后即刻顿服尼可地尔15mg,对照组仅行再灌注治疗,尼可地尔组术后继续口服尼可地尔5mg TID,而对照组口服单硝酸异山梨酯片20mg TID。监测手术前后心肌损伤标志物肌钙蛋白。术中记录所有病人梗死相关动脉情况、PCI后校正TIMI帧数（CTFC）及心肌灌注分级（TMP)。PCI术后一周行超声心动图检查,记录左室射血分数（LVEF）及左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）。记录PCI术后30d主要不良心脏事件（MACE）。结果 两组患者PCI术后12小时、24小时静脉血cTnI检测结果均较术前明显升高,但均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。尼可地尔组术后校正的TIMI帧数（CTFC）小于对照组（29.64±3.18 vs 32.70±4.55, P<0.05）;心肌灌注分级TMP2级以上的比例尼可地尔组高于对照组（78.95% vs 62.07%, P<0.05）。尼可地尔组病人的射血分数高于对照组（54.36±5.03vs. 51.09±4.45,P<0.05）。PCI术后30d尼可地尔组MACE发生率低于对照组（7.02% vs 20.69%, P<0.05）。结论：早期口服尼可地尔可减轻老年急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者急诊PCI术后的心肌受损程度,改善心肌微循环灌注,保护左心室功能,减少了MACE事件发生。     

盐酸替罗非班在ST段抬高急性心肌梗死急诊PCI中的安全性分析

目的:评价GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂盐酸替罗非班(商品名欣维宁)在ST段抬高急性心肌梗死(STEMI)急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内介入术(PCI)治疗中的安全性。方法:65例急诊入院STEMI行急诊PCI患者,分为试验组(盐酸替罗非班+PCI)36例和对照组(直接PCI29例)。观察2组住院期间主要心血管事件(MACE)包括死亡、新近心肌梗死和顽固缺血状态、术后左心室射血分数(LVEF)、压迫止血时间及不良反应(出血、血小板减少)。结果:住院期间主要心血管事件(majoradversecardiovascularevents,MACE)发生率,试验组低于对照组(5.6%比13.7%);术后LVEF(59.42±8.06比52.65±5.20)高于对照组;2组均未发生严重出血并发症(包括大量出血和颅内出血等),出血事件发生率试验组较对照组有增多的趋势(11.1%比3.4%),试验组部分凝血活酶时间(activatedpar_tialthromboplastintime,APTT)较对照组延长(58.15±11.86比33.78±11.28),(P<0.05);压迫止血时间明显延长(37.25±6.34比20.12±5.55),(P<0.05),但未增加穿刺点出血和血肿。结论:血小板GPⅡb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂盐酸替罗非班联合PCI可能成为STEMI患者急诊PCI安全和有效的再灌注手段。     

缺血性修饰白蛋白在急性冠脉综合征患者中的改变及临床意义

目的观察缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者中的变化及临床意义。方法选择本院166例ACS患者,其中不稳定型心绞痛(UA)68例,ST段抬高急性心肌梗死(STEMI)56例,非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTE-MI)42例,在入院后30min内采静脉血检测其IMA水平,并与40例正常对照组进行比较分析。结果 ACS组血清IMA水平显著高于对照组[(69.71±11.56)U/ml vs(42.91±7.54)U/ml,P<0.01],STEMI组均显著高于UA组[(76.27±11.91)U/ml vs(65.05±9.25)U/ml,P<0.01]和NSTEMI组[(76.27±11.91)U/ml vs(68.53±10.56)U/ml,P<0.01],血清IMA水平与年龄无相关性(ACS组r=-0.07,对照组r=-0.11,两组联合r=-0.05;均P>0.05),对照组IMA的阴性率为100%,ACS患者中阳性预测值为100%,阳性率为89.2%,其在UA、STEMI和NSTEMI组中的阳性率分别为97.10%、85.70%和81.00%,本组中阴性预测值为69%。结论血清IMA显著升高对诊断ACS有一定的临床价值。     

Aspiration coronary thrombectomy for acute myocardial infarction increases myocardial salvage

Objectives : The aim of the study was to assess if aspiration thrombectomy in high risk patients with STEMI and angiographic evidence of thrombus may improve myocardial salvage. Background : It is unclear if thrombus aspiration before percutaneous intervention (PCI) improves myocardial salvage. Methods : The trial was a prospective randomized study. The inclusion criteria were: first STEMI within 12 hr from symptoms onset, culprit lesion in left anterior descending or right coronary artery, culprit artery TIMI flow ≤ 2 and angiographic evidence of thrombus. The primary endpoint was myocardial salvage index (MSI) as assessed by ^99mTc‐sestamibi SPECT imaging. Results : We randomized 137 patients (98 male, mean age 64.1 ± 12.5 years) either to aspiration thrombectomy followed by standard PCI with stent implantation (n = 67) or to standard primary PCI (n = 70). Index perfusion defect was similar in both study groups: 34.2% ± 13.1% in thrombectomy group versus 37.1% ± 12.0% in primary PCI group (P = 0.2). MSI was larger in aspiration thrombectomy group than in control patients [25.4% (IQR 13.5–44) vs. 18.5% (IQR 7.7–30.3) respectively, P = 0.02]. The final infarct size was smaller in patients treated with aspiration thrombectomy (23.1% ± 13.3% vs. 28.9% ± 10.2% in the control group, P = 0.002). Conclusions : Aspiration thrombectomy improves myocardial salvage in high risk STEMI patients with angiographic evidence of thrombus. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Elevated admission microalbuminuria predicts poor myocardial blood flow and 6-month mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Background:

Microalbuminuria (MA) is considered a major risk factor predisposing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by MA have been well described. However, data regarding admission MA and coronary and myocardial flow are scant. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of admission MA on coronary blood flow and prognosis in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI.

Hypothesis:

Did elevated admission microalbuminuria predict poor myocardial blood flow and 6‐month mortality in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention?

Methods:

A total of 247 patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI within 12 hours after symptom onset were studied. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to admission urinary albumin extraction rate (UAER): (1) an MA group (UAER 20–200 µg/min), and (2) a normoalbuminuria (NA) group (UAER < 20 µg/min).

Results:

Microalbuminuria was observed in 108 patients. Univariate analyses showed statistical differences between the NA and MA groups in serum creatine level, plasma glucose level, and peak creatine kinase level on presentation. Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grades (TFGs) 0–2 in the MA group were more frequent (9.4% vs 21.2%, P < 0.05) than in the NA group, and corrected TIMI frame count was higher (23.9 ± 18.5 vs 29.8 ± 23.5, P < 0.05). Admission MA was an independent predictor of poor myocardial perfusion (adjusted relative risk: 3.14, 95% confidence interval: 0.99–6.78) and a higher rate of 6‐month mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI (adjusted relative risk: 1.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.74–3.39).

Conclusions:

Admission MA levels are associated with impaired myocardial flow and poor prognosis in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.

     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者冠脉侧支循环形成不良的影响因素及对预后的指导意义

目的 探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者冠脉侧支循环(CCC)形成不良的影响因素及对预后的影响。 方法 选取2016年5月至2020年1月在我院心血管内科住院并接受PCI手术治疗的STEMI患者110例,依据Rentrop分级将患者分为CCC形成良好组和CCC形成不良组,比较两组患者临床资料,采用Logistic回归法分析STEMI患者CCC形成不良的影响因素,并建立CCC形成不良的预测模型。术后对患者随访1年,比较两组患者心血管事件发生率及全因死亡率。 结果 单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,无梗死前心绞痛、无梗死后心肌缺血、Killip心功能分级≥Ⅱ级、病变血管支数及冠状动脉狭窄程度均为STEMI患者CCC形成不良的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。利用以上独立危险因素构建列线图模型,其一致性指数（C-index）为0.756（95%CI:0.711~0.801）,ROC曲线AUC为0.766（95%CI:0.709~0.823）,具有较好的区分度;Calibration校准曲线评价结果提示模型准确性较好。两组患者术后1年心血管事件发生率无显著差异,但CCC形成良好组STEMI患者全因死亡率与CCC形成不良组比较显著降低（P<0.05）。 结论 无梗死前心绞痛、无梗死后心肌缺血、Killip心功能分级≥Ⅱ级、病变血管支数及冠状动脉狭窄程度是STEMI患者CCC形成不良的独立危险因素,CCC形成良好与否对STEMI患者PCI术后1年心血管事件发生率无显著影响,但CCC形成良好对降低STEMI患者全因死亡率具有积极作用。     

急性ST段抬高心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后心肌再灌注不良对近、远期预后的影响

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后心肌再灌注状态不良的发生率及其对近、远期临床预后的影响.方法 回顾性收集964例急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)行急诊PCI治疗患者的临床资料、冠状动脉造影资料与心电图,以ST段回落程度与心肌梗死溶栓试验心肌灌注(TMP)分级等指标评估心肌再灌注状态.患者分为4组:A组为ST段回落率≥50%并且术后TMP分级为Ⅲ级;B组为ST段回落率<50%并且术后TMP分级为Ⅲ级;C组为ST段回落率≥50%并且术后TMP分级≤Ⅱ级;D组为ST段回落率<50%并且术后TMP分级≤Ⅱ级.以A组代表心肌灌注状态良好者,D组代表心肌灌注状态不良者.分析心肌再灌注不良患者的发生率及其对近远期预后的影响.结果 STEMI急诊PCI术后梗死相关动脉前向血流达到TIMIⅢ级而TMP分级为Ⅱ级以下者占27.3%(237/964),心电图ST段回落小于50%者占30.6%(266/964).11.31%(109/964)的患者发生远端栓塞.A组占总例数的48.9%(425/964),D组占总例数的10.5%(91/964).与A组比较,D组患者在住院期间(RR=64.63,P<0.01)以及随访期间(RR=11.69,P<0.01)均有较高的主要不良心脏事件发生风险.结论 急性心肌梗死急诊PCI后不到50%的患者心肌再灌注良好,心肌再灌注状态与近、远期临床预后显著相关.     

国产替罗非班在大量血栓负荷的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接介入治疗中的应用

目的对大量血栓负荷的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者,急诊直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用国产替罗非班,评价其对冠状动脉血流的影响。方法98例大量血栓负荷的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死大行急诊PCI的患者纳入试验,随机分为替罗非班组52例,对照组46例,比较两组间的冠状动脉血流、ST段回落、住院临床事件等。结果两组术后TIMIⅢ级获得率无统计学差异,替罗非班组的校正TIMI计帧数低于对照组[(31.2±3.6)帧vs.(23.6±9.1)帧,P<0.05],术后90min心电图相应导联ST段回落幅度大于对照组[(38.9±12.6)%vs.(61.2±13.1)%,P<0.05],住院期间心血管事件发生率、出血发生率两组间无统计学差异。结论急诊PCI术期间短程应用替罗非班能安全、有效地改善冠状动脉血流和心肌灌注。     

Bimodal response to aspirin loading in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Patients with stable coronary disease who exhibit platelet hypo-responsiveness to aspirin (ASA) have worse outcomes. Little data exist regarding platelet response to ASA in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Our objective was to assess acute platelet response to ASA loading in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study comprised 102 consecutive patients with STEMI. All patients received a loading dose of 300?mg chewable ASA upon admission. Platelet reactivity was assessed immediately prior to primary PCI, at a median of 95(63?139) minutes after ASA loading. A bimodal response to arachidonic acid (AA) stimulation was observed, such that two distinct populations could be discerned: “good responders” had a mean AA-induced platelet aggregation of 36?±?11% vs. 79?±?9% for “poor responders.” Despite equivalent demographic, clinical, and angiographic characteristics, good responders were significantly more likely to demonstrate early ST-segment resolution ≥70% after primary PCI (80% vs. 48%, p?=?0.001), suggestive of better myocardial reperfusion. Early inhibition of AA-induced platelet aggregation post-ASA loading in the setting of STEMI is associated with better tissue reperfusion; however, a sizeable proportion of patients do not achieve significant inhibition of AA-induced platelet aggregation in response to ASA loading at the time of primary PCI.     

急性心肌梗死“罪犯血管”自发再通的介入治疗108例临床观察

目的:评价急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者"罪犯血管"自发再通后早期介入策略与择期介入策略的远期疗效。方法:108例急性ST段抬高心肌梗死伴自发再通患者随机分为2组,每组各54例。早期介入组立即按常规行直接经皮冠状动脉介入;择期介入组药物治疗7d后行择期经皮冠状动脉介入。随访1年,主要研究终点死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、靶病变再次血运重建;次要研究终点包括无复流或慢血流、心肌缺血复发和左心室射血分数。结果:随访1年,与早期介入组比较,择期介入策略组死亡(1.9%vs.1.9%,P=0.736);心肌梗死(5.6%vs.1.9%,P=0.763);靶病变再次血运重建(4.6%vs.5.6%,P=0.879);无复流或慢血流(2.3%vs.18.5%,P=0.029);左心室射血分数[(60±10)vs.(55±12)%,P=0.005];心肌缺血复发(29.6%vs.11.1%,P=0.031)。结论:急性ST段抬高心肌梗死自发再通血流恢复,心肌梗死溶栓分级(TIMI 3)级的患者采取择期介入策略,可以改善心肌灌注、提高患者远期左心室收缩功能。     

急性ST段抬高心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后心肌灌注不良的影响因素

目的:探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死(心梗)(STEMI)急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后心肌灌注不良的影响因素。方法:根据PCI后心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)心肌灌注分级(TMPG),91例患者分为心肌灌注不良组(TMPG0～2级,n=30)和心肌灌注正常组(TMPG3级,n=61),比较2组基本临床资料和造影结果以及介入结果,并对各因素进行Logistio回归分析,总结急性心梗急诊PCI后心肌灌注不良的影响因素。结果:91例患者中男76例,女15例,年龄38～84(62.3±11.8)岁,心肌灌注不良组合并高血压病的比例更高(80.0%比54.1%,P=0.0163),心梗部位以非前壁心梗居多(70.0%比29.5%,P=0.002);造影结果中,心肌灌注不良组梗死相关血管以右冠状动脉(RCA)更多见(63.3%比18.0%,P     

Concordant improvements in coronary flow reserve and ST‐segment resolution during percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: A benefit of postconditioning

Objective: To assess the effect of ischemic postconditioning on indices of coronary microvascular function during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Background: Myocardial tissue level perfusion remains suboptimal in many patients with STEMI despite restoration of antegrade flow in the epicardial coronary artery. Methods: Twenty‐four patients with an evolving anterior STEMI were randomized to undergo a previously‐validated ischemic postconditioning protocol or usual care during PCI. The extent of resolution of ST segment elevation along with Doppler‐tip catheter velocimetry was used as indices of myocardial reperfusion and microvascular function, respectively. Results: Postconditioned patients exhibited a greater, and therefore more rapid, extent of ST segment resolution (postconditioning, 70% ± 15%; control, 48% ± 16%; P = 0.0002) by the end of the procedure. Postconditioned patients also exhibited a greater hyperemic coronary vasodilator response at the completion of the procedure (coronary flow velocity reserve, CFVR: postconditioning, 2.2 ± 0.1; control, 1.5 ± 0.1; P < 0.0001). The end‐procedure CFVR was directly related to the extent of the ST segment resolution (r = 0.85) but inversely related to the absolute magnitude of ST segment elevation at end procedure (r = ?0.76). Peak serum creatine kinase was significantly lower in postconditioned patients (postconditioning, 1,524 ± 435 IU/l; control, 1,862 ± 561 IU/l; P = 0.03). Conclusions: Ischemic postconditioning, as described, can be expeditiously performed during PCI for STEMI. Concordant changes in coronary flow reserve and ST segment resolution, measures of microcirculatory function, and myocardial perfusion, were greater in postconditioned patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.