TMJ ankylosis after neonatal septic arthritis: literature review and two case reports

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can be a result of several causes such as trauma, degenerative changes, infection, and space-occupying lesion. When occurring during early childhood, it can result in severe functional disability and facial deformity. Septic arthritis is an uncommon disease associated with systemic and local factors being most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae. This paper presents two unusual cases of TMJ ankylosis following neonatal infections treated surgically and does a literature review about the topic.     

Computed tomography imaging findings of simultaneous bifid mandibular condyle and temporomandibular joint ankylosis: case report

Bifid mandibular condyle is an uncommon entity described in the literature as having a controversial etiology. Despite the absence of clinical symptomatology, the radiologist must be aware and should have some knowledge of this abnormality, as well its implications regarding functional and morphological changes. TMJ ankylosis is a disabling disease with involvement of the mandibular condyle, articular fossa and base of the skull. The association of bifid condyle with temporomandibular joint ankylosis is rare and must be carefully evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of simultaneous bifid mandibular condyle and temporomandibular joint ankylosis and to describe its computed tomography imaging findings.     

Cone-beam computed tomography for the diagnosis of mandibular condylar fractures: 11 case reports

The temporomandibular joint has many complex anatomical and functional features compared with other joints. Therefore, caution should be exercised in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint fractures. Although panoramic tomography is widely used for the screening of orofacial trauma as well as other diseases, this modality often overlooks evidence of a condylar fracture. Cone-beam computed tomography is also used for diagnosing orofacial diseases. The purposes of this report are to show the usefulness of cone-beam computed tomography in diagnosing condylar fractures and to describe the imaging features of condylar fractures.     

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of maxillofacial trauma

A study of 34 patients who were investigated for maxillofacial trauma using high resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning is presented. The areas where this increasingly available technique offers more accurate information than conventional plain radiographs are discussed.     

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of an odontogenic keratocyst

Computed tomography (CT) was found to be useful in the diagnosis of an odontogenic keratocyst. A CT scanner is described and its advantages, radiation dose levels, and limitations are discussed.     

Treatment of TMJ ankylosis in Jordanian children - a comparison of two surgical techniques.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report Jordanian experience in surgical treatment of TMJ ankylosis in 22 children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective clinical study included children who were diagnosed with TMJ ankylosis and were treated in a dental teaching centre between 1993 and 2001. Patients underwent the release of 24 temporomandibular joint ankyloses and two different surgical techniques were used: either reconstruction of the condyle using costochondral grafts, or using the temporalis muscle as an interpositional material. Patients were followed up for 1-8 years. RESULTS: Twenty-two children (13 males and 9 females) were included in the study. Costochondral grafts were used as a reconstruction material in 16 TMJs (67%), whilst temporalis muscle was used as an interpositional material in 8 joints (33%). The mean preoperative maximum interincisor distance was 6.6 mm+/-1.3, which was increased to a mean of 30.3 mm+/-2.5 postoperatively. Two female patients (9%) suffered recurrence of the ankylosis within 6-12 months postoperatively. In one of these, a costochondral graft was used and temporalis muscle interposition in the other. CONCLUSION: Costochondral graft as a reconstruction material and temporalis muscle as an interpositional material showed comparable success rates when treating TMJ ankylosis in 22 children.     

颞颌关节强直续发OSAS硬组织头影测量特征

本研究通过对１２例成年男生颞颌关节强直续发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者和１８名成年男和下一步空作对照的头影测量分析研究后发现；以下颌改变为显著的颅面硬组织结构向上缩进和舌骨至下颌平面距离明显地增加是颞颌关节强直续发ＯＳＡＳ患者头影硬组织测量特征。     

Endo-orbital osteoma: two case reports

Osteoma is a benign, slow-growing tumor, which mainly occurs in the bones and cavities of the middle third of the face, representing the most frequent benign tumor of the paranasal sinuses. Osteoma of the paranasal sinuses is generally asymptomatic and it is discovered only as a coincidental radiological finding; when it becomes symptomatic, the most common presenting symptoms are headaches and facial pain. Rarely the sinusal osteoma may entail secondary orbital extension, with ocular signs and symptoms. Primary intraorbital involvement is extremely rare. The authors present a review of the literature and report two cases of primary orbital osteoma. In both cases surgical treatment led to the complete remission of symptoms. Diagnosis and surgical therapy are discussed.     

Treatment modalities of TMJ ankylosis: experience in Delta Nile,Egypt

The study reports the authors’ experience in managing TMJ ankylosis in Delta Nile, Egypt (1995–2006) and compares the surgical modalities used. 101 patients (109 joints) were reviewed in this retrospective study. Pre- and postoperative assessment included history, radiological and physical examination, and mouth opening. Age, sex, aetiology, joint(s) affected, surgical modality, complications and follow up periods were evaluated. Various types (fibrous, fibro-osseous and bony) of TMJ ankylosis were diagnosed; trauma was the commonest aetiology. The patients’ age range was 2–41 years, 62% were female, and the follow up period ranged from 14 to 96 months. Average mouth opening was significantly increased from 5.3 mm pre-operatively to 32.9 mm 12 months postoperatively (P = 0.0001). Marked improvement in mouth opening was documented when the ramus-joint complex was reconstructed using distraction osteogenesis (34.7 mm), costochondral graft (34.4 mm) and Surgibone (34.6 mm). Gap arthroplasty showed least satisfactory mouth opening compared with other techniques (P = 0.001). Minor and major complications were encountered in 33% of cases, including 5% recurrence rate. Early release of TMJ ankylosis; reconstruction of the ramus height with distraction osteogenesis or bone grafting combined with interpositional arthroplasty, followed by vigorous physiotherapy is successful for managing TMJ ankylosis.