地椒抗氧化活性部位化学成分的研究?

目的研究地椒抗氧化活性成分,阐明地椒抗氧化活性化学成分组成。方法采用1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)和2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)(ABTS)自由基清除试验筛选评价地椒5个极性部位的抗氧化活性;采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和MCI GEL CHP-20P等柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,并根据质谱、核磁数据和参考文献数据等鉴定化合物的结构。结果地椒乙酸乙酯层和正丁醇层显示很好的抗氧化活性。从该两萃取层中,分离鉴定18个化合物分别为野黄芩苷(1),野黄芩素(2),5,6,7-三羟基-4'-甲氧基黄酮(3),4'5-二羟基-6,7,8,-三甲氧基黄铜(xanthomicrol)(4),芹菜素(5),4'-甲氧基木犀草素(6),木犀草苷(7),木犀草素(8),芦丁(9),丹参素(10),香草酸(11),原儿茶酸(12),绿原酸(13),咖啡酸(14),阿魏酸(15),2,6-二羟基-4-异丙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(16),齐墩果酸(17)和胡萝卜苷(18)。结论化合物1~3和16首次从百里香属植物中分离得到,化合物4~8,10~12,14~15和17~18首次从地椒植物中分离得到。     

Aloin, cinnamic acid and sophorcarpidine are potent inhibitors of tyrosinase

Objective To evaluate the effects of aloin, cinnamic acid and 15 other kinds of natural chemicals on the activity of tyrosinase, in order to provide lightening agents in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders and cosmetic additives.Methods Tyrosinase activity was estimated by measuring the oxidation rate of L-dopa. Inhibition of the enzyme was deduced according to the Lineweaver-Burk plots compared to the control.Results Cadabine, paeonal, farrerol, evodin, cinnamic acid, aloin and sophorcarpidine had different levels of inhibition of tyrosinase. The inhibitory rates of cinnamic acid （2 mmol/L, 0.5 mmol/L）, aloin （2 mmol/L） and the rest were significantly higher than that of hydroquinone （0.5 mmol/L)(p<0.05). Conclusions Tyrosinase activity can be greatly inhibited by cinnamic acid, aloin and sophorcarpidine, of which sophorcarpidine functions as an uncompetitive inhibitor, compared to aloin and cinnamic acid, which are mixed-type inhibitors     

中国南海海绵Cinachyrella australiensis 化学成分研究

目的:研究中国南海海绵Cinachyrella australiensis的化学成分.方法: 用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定. 结果:从中国南海海绵C. australiensis中分离得到19个化合物,分别为2 -甲氧基-6,12,15-三烯-8-炔-十八酸(1),邻苯二甲酸二正丁基酯(2),邻苯二甲酸二-(2-乙基)-己基酯(3),(-)(3S)-1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉-3-羧酸(4),L-色氨酸(5),对羟基苯甲醛(6),对羟基苯乙醇(7),对羟基苯丙醇(8), 胆甾-4-烯-3-醇(9),2-甲基-6-氨基嘌呤脱氧核苷(10),6-氨基嘌呤脱氧核苷(11),6-氨基嘌呤核苷(12),尿嘧啶(13),胸腺嘧啶(14),胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷(15),尿嘧啶脱氧核苷(16),乙基-α-脱氧核糖苷(17),异光黄素(18),zarzissine(19). 结论:1和18为新化合物,化合物2～17,19系首次从该种中分离得到.     

王浆酸锗对U14瘤的抑制作用

目的 观察王浆酸锗体内外对小鼠U14瘤的抑制作用。方法 MTT法评价王浆酸锗体外抑制U14瘤的活性;建立小鼠U14瘤模型,以王浆酸锗高、中、低剂量连续给药10d,分离瘤体,计算肿瘤抑制率,评价其体内抗肿瘤活性。结果 MTT法显示王浆酸锗(1 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L)体外对U14瘤的抑制率分别为18.43%, 33.12% 和 55.20%,IC50为43.60 mg/L;体内活性实验表明王浆酸锗高、中剂量组和低剂量组的抑制率分别为70.0%, 51.8% 和 42.4%。结论 王浆酸锗对小鼠U14瘤有较强的抑制作用。     

雌激素对小鼠骨髓粒系定向祖细胞集落产率的影响

本文介绍了用“体外琼脂培养技术”和“体内扩散盒琼脂培养技术(ADC 法)”观察雌激素对小鼠骨髓粒系定向祖细胞集落产率(VCFU-C)的影响。体外培养的结果表明,雌激素对小鼠股骨骨髓中 CFU-C 的增殖具有抑制效应。     

大豆低聚糖和低聚肽对高脂血症大鼠抗氧化作用及粪胆汁酸代谢的影响

目的 探讨大豆低聚糖(SOS)和大豆低聚肤(SOP)对高脂血症大鼠的抗氧化作用及粪胆汁酸代谢的影响.方法 60只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为5组:分别饲喂正常饲料(正常对照组,NCG),高脂饲料(高血脂模型组,HCG),高脂饲料 +2%SOS(SOS组)、高脂饲料+3%SOP(SOP组)、高脂饲料+2%SOS+3%SOP(SOSP组)8周,测定大鼠血浆和肝脏SOD活性、MDA含量及粪胆汁酸含量,并观察肝脏脂肪沉积情况.结果 各实验组均能显著降低高脂血症大鼠血清和肝脏MDA含量,增加粪胆汁酸的排泄,但对SOD活性无明显影响.病理检查可见肝脏脂肪沉积明显减轻.以SOSP组的复合干预组效果最佳.结论 SOS和SOP通过减少MDA生成,抗脂质过氧化,和通过促进粪胆酸排泄,有效调节体内胆固醇代谢,从而预防高脂血症,发挥抗动脉粥样硬化的作用.     

新型11-脱氧甘草次酸-30-酰胺衍生物的研究

目的合成新型的11-脱氧甘草次酸衍生物,寻找抗炎活性高的药物。方法用甘草次酸还原制得11-脱氧甘草次酸,再和R取代的苯基异唑衍生物偶联,合成了一系列新型11-脱氧甘草次酸-30-酰胺衍生物,用IR、1H-NM R1、3C-NM R、M S等分析方法进行结构确证,以苯甲酸引起的小鼠耳肿模型和醋酸引起的小鼠腹膜炎模型评价了抗炎活性。结果IR1、H-NM R1、3C-NM R、M S等数据表明这些化合物结构正确。其中Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ和Ⅶ化合物具有明显的抗炎活性,某些甘草次酸-30-酰胺衍生物差异有统计学意义。结论合成的系列新化合物结构正确,具有明显的抗炎活性。     

Antimutagenesis of beta-carotene to mutations induced by quinolone on Salmonella typhimurium

BACKGROUND: Quinolone-induced mutagenesis in the Salmonella typhimurium hisG48 strains suggests that these antibiotics are oxygen free radical generators. The use of beta-carotene as antioxidant was evaluated as an alternative to reduce oxidative cell damage in patients who need therapy with nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, or pipemidic acid. The studied beta-carotene (30%), used by pharmaceutical laboratories as dietary complements, was not toxic or mutagenic for the S. typhimurium TA102 strain at a dose equivalent to 1,500 I.U. At the studied concentrations, the evaluated antimutagen did not modify the minimum inhibitory concentration of nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, or pipemidic acid against uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. METHODS: The mutagenic effect of nalidixic acid and norfloxacin against hisG48 strains was inhibited with 1500 I.U. of beta-carotene. The antimutagenic effect of beta-carotene against mutations induced by pipemidic acid was observed even with 150 I.U. of beta-carotene. The antimutagenic effect against mutations induced on S. typhimurium TA102 or TA104 strains was observed only when the aroclor 1254 rat-induced liver S9 mixture was used. RESULTS: This mutagenic effect was detected only when the strains were exposed to quinolones and the beta-carotene simultaneously with the S9 mixture, suggesting that quinolones induce oxygen free radicals that may be scavenged by beta-carotene. CONCLUSIONS: The antimutagenic effect of this vitamin A precursor is probably due to the active molecule of vitamin A, a desmutagen with the ability of radical capture. A diet rich in beta-carotene or vitamin A could be a good alternative to reduce genotoxic risk to patients being treated with quinolone.