GST-Gankyrin融合蛋白的原核表达及抗体制备

目的:为进一步研究在肝癌上过表达的癌相关基因Gankyrin的功能,进行GST-Gankyrin融合蛋白表达载体的构建、原核表达、及抗体制备.方法:采用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)法从人肝癌细胞系hepG2中扩增Gankyrin Cdna编码区,并将其重组于谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)融合蛋白表达质粒Pgex-4T2中,经酶切、序列鉴定分析后,用该重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH-5α,经IPTG诱导获得表达,并将Gankyrin蛋白免疫家兔,经过Western blot检测抗Gankyrin抗体的产生.结果:成功构建了Gankyrin原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌DH-5α中获得表达,Western blot检测证实获得了抗Gankyrin抗体.结论:成功表达了Gankyrin蛋白并制备了其特异性抗体.     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NSl蛋白表达影响因素分析

目的 优化高表达禽流感病毒NS1蛋白的实验方法。方法将基因工程菌接种LB培养基,设定IPTG终浓度为0.3mmol／L,诱导温度为37℃,诱导表达6．0h,SDS-PAGE分析融合蛋白表达情况,确定最佳诱导时间。以o．1mm01／L为梯度,设置不同IPTG诱导浓度,37℃诱导4.0h,分析融合蛋白表达,确定最佳IPTG诱导浓度。设定IPTG至终浓度为0。6mmo1／L,分别于24℃、28℃、32℃、37℃和42℃下诱导表达4．0h,分析融合蛋白表达,确定最适诱导温度。采用最优表达条件,超声裂菌后SDS-PAGE分析融合蛋白,Westernblotting对融合蛋白进行鉴定。结果当培养温度为37℃,IPTG浓度为0。3mmol／L时,融合蛋白GST-NSl在IPTG诱导5．0h时的表达量最高,达28．5％;当IPTG诱导浓度为0。6ram01／L,在37℃诱导表达4。0h时,融合蛋白的表达量可达27．9％。选用优化的表达条件,IPTG0．6mmo1／L,37℃诱导表达4．0h,融合蛋白的表达量最高可达33．2％。进一步分析显示,融合蛋白大部分以可溶形式表达,其表达量可占菌体总蛋白的25．1％。经SDS-PAGE电泳、电转移后,用小鼠抗GST单克隆抗体进行免疫印迹分析,出现一条阳性反应带。结论通过实验优化了工程菌诱导表达的最佳IPTG浓度、最适时间和培养温度,实现了融合蛋白的可溶性高表达。     

肿瘤相关抗原RCAS1重组质粒的构建与GST-RCAS1融合蛋白的表达和纯化及鉴定

目的：构建RCAS1的重组质粒、表达GST—RCAS1融合蛋白并进行纯化和生物学活性鉴定。方法：从MCF-7细胞提取总RNA，通过RT—PCR得到RCAS1的扩增产物，纯化后用EcoRⅠ和BarnHⅠ双酶切。选择pGEX-2T作为载体，用EcoRⅠ和BarnHⅠ双酶切后与上述酶切后DNA连接，转化感受态JM109大肠杆菌，挑单个菌落提取质粒进行双酶切和测序鉴定。选择测序正确的质粒重新转化BL21大肠杆菌，用终浓度0．1mmol／L的IPTG诱导表达GST—RCAS1蛋白，用GST亲和层析纯化并通过SDS—PAGE电泳和Western印迹试验证实。利用特异性抗RCAS1多抗（N-18和C-20）鉴定所表达的融合蛋白，通过流式细胞仪检测GST—RCAS1融合蛋白诱导活化T细胞凋亡的作用。结果：通过RT—PCR得到大小为642bp的产物，重组质粒通过双酶切和测序鉴定正确。通过IPTG诱导在BL21大肠杆菌中表达并纯化得到GST—RCAS1蛋白，通过SDS—PAGE电泳鉴定分子量为52kMr，与预测一致，并由Western印迹试验证明为GST融合蛋白。该融合蛋白能被特异性抗RCAS1（N-18和C-20）多抗识别。GST—RCAS1对诱导活化的T细胞凋亡有一定的作用。结论：成功构建RCAS1的重组质粒，并表达GST—RCAS1融合蛋白，对其生物学活性作了初步研究。     

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶人趋化因子CCL3L1的表达

目的克隆人趋化因子CCL3L1基因,表达并初步纯化谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)-CCL3L1融合蛋白。方法从乳腺癌细胞MCF7中提取总RNA,采用RT-PCR扩增CCL3L1cDNA基因,克隆入GST融合表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,重组载体经酶切和测序鉴定后,在BL21大肠杆菌中用异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达,获得GST-CCL3L1融合蛋白,采用SDS-PAGE和Westernblotting分析表达产物。结果经测序、酶切鉴定证明CCL3L1基因已正确插入到pGEX-4T-1中,经IPTG诱导后,表达出相对分子质量为34000的新生GST-CCL3L1融合蛋白。结论GST-CCL3L1融合蛋白可被成功表达。     

人分化抑制因子Id-2基因在大肠埃希氏菌中的高效表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

目的 在大肠杆菌中表达人Id-2与谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)的融合蛋白,并制备抗人Id-2的多克隆抗体.方法 从乳腺癌组织中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR扩增Id-2基因的编码序列,克隆至表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,重组质粒经PCR、酶切、测序鉴定后,在大肠杆菌中经IPTG诱导表达获得GST-ld-2蛋白,SDS-PAGE分析表达产物.通过亲和层析法纯化表达的GST-Id-2融合蛋白,Western-Blot检测重组抗原的免疫原性,并以此为抗原制备多克隆抗体.结果 经PCR、酶切、测序鉴定证明,Id-2基因已正确克隆至pGEX-6P-1中,经IPTG诱导后,表达出相对分子质量40 000的GST-Id-2融合蛋白.Western-Blot、ELISA和琼脂双向扩散实验鉴定所制备的多克隆抗体可以与GST-Id-2特异性反应.结论 Id-2基因在在大肠杆菌中的成功表达及制备的多克隆抗体,为检测Id-2及其在各种组织中的表达提供了一种检测方法,也为分析Id-2分子结构及抗原表位奠定了基础.     

重组猪生长抑素的基因克隆、表达与纯化

目的：在大肠杆菌中克隆表达猪重组生长抑素基因,并进行纯化和鉴定．方法：根据GenBank公布的猪生长抑素基因序列,按照大肠杆菌偏爱密码子设计并合成2条DNA单链,退火后获得猪生长抑素基因序列．克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1质粒中,转化感受态细胞DH5α,经IPTG诱导表达重组融合蛋白并用GST亲和柱对其进行纯化．结果：重组质粒经酶切鉴定和DNA序列测定证明基因完全正确,经IPTG诱导后在大肠杆菌DH5α中得到高水平表达,表达产物经超声和溶菌酶破碎和Glutathione Sepharose4B亲和层析纯化获得重组蛋白．结论：猪生长抑素基因得到了高水平表达,纯化后纯度达到95％以上,为表达产物的大量制备、重组疫苗的进一步优化及在畜牧业生产上的应用研究奠定了基础．     

人表皮生长因子受体胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域原核表达

目的研究人表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域的原核表达及纯化条件。方法构建原核表达人EGFR胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域的重组质粒pGEX／GST—EGFR-TKD，在大肠杆菌中表达目的融合蛋白，通过在尿素中变性、在梯度尿素中透析复性，经GST融合蛋白纯化，肠激酶去除GST“标签”后获得人EGFR胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域蛋白。结果限制酶切分析和测序表明成功构建重组质粒pGEX／GST—EGFR—TKD；SDS-PAGE分析表明，异丙基硫代-β-D半乳糖苷诱导下可以表达融合蛋白GST—EGFR-TKD，但以不溶性包涵体的形式存在。经尿素变性、梯度透析复性及去除GST“标签”后，获得重折叠的人EGFR胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域蛋白。结论在大肠杆菌中可成功表达人EGFR胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域蛋白。     

黄粉虫抗菌肽Tenecin基因的克隆、原核表达及其抑菌活性

目的为研究黄粉虫体内抗菌肽表达调控的分子机制,克隆黄粉虫抗菌肽Tenecin基因,并研究其原核表达产物的抑菌活性。方法用大肠杆菌DH-5α菌液(1×108/ml)腹部注射黄粉虫5龄幼虫,72 h后提取其总RNA,RT-PCR克隆Tenecin基因,测序并进行生物信息学分析;构建原核表达重组载体pET-28a(+)-Tenecin并转入大肠杆菌BL21菌株,用IPTG诱导观察其表达情况;将4种不同浓度的原核表达产物Tenecin蛋白作用于大肠杆菌DH-5α,测量抑菌圈直径大小,观察其抑菌作用。结果电泳及测序结果显示:Tenecin基因的大小为255 bp左右;用1 mmol/L IPTG诱导后,经SDS-PAGE电泳检测在9 000附近有目的条带,与理论值大小相符;体外抑菌试验表明:试验设3个重复,浓度为80、60、40、20μg/ml的Tenecin蛋白与大肠杆菌DH-5α共培养18 h后,抑菌圈直径(mm)分别为25.1±0.03、20.7±0.06、17.2±0.11、9.3±0.04。结论成功克隆黄粉虫抗菌肽Tenecin基因,并成功表达Tenecin蛋白,该蛋白对大肠杆菌DH-5α有明显抑制作用,为后期临床应用奠定基础。     

重组原核表达载体pGEX6P1-Osx的构建与表达

目的构建原核表达载体pGEX6P1-Osx,并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GST）融合蛋白。方法提取新生小鼠牙髓总RNA,RT-PCR扩增Osx目的基因片段,并将该片段克隆至PCR-TopoII载体中;经鉴定正确后目的基因定向连接至表达载体pGEX6P1;将重组质粒pGEX6P1-Osx转化至大肠杆菌BL21,以异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导表达,表达产物进行SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定;免疫印迹法检测纯化的GST融合蛋白。结果IPTG诱导宿主菌BL21有效表达融合蛋白;免疫印迹法鉴定该融合蛋白为GST-Osx。结论成功构建原核表达载体pGEX6P1-Osx,且GST-Osx融合蛋白可在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。     

结核分支杆菌Ag85B融合蛋白表达载体的构建及纯化

目的：构建结核分支杆菌Ag85B基因在大肠杆菌的融合表达载体,制备MBP／Ag85B融合蛋白并将其纯化。方法：常规方法构建重组表达质粒pMAL-p2-Ag85B,内切酶EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ酶切鉴定;重组表达质粒pMAL-p2-Ag85B转化大肠杆菌,经0．3mmol／L异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（isopropyl-β-D thiogalactoside,IPTG）诱导表达产生融合蛋白（MBP／Ag85B）,Western blot鉴定表达产物。pMAL纯化树脂（Amylose resin）对MBP／Ag85B融合蛋白纯化。结果：重组质粒pMAL-p2-Ag85B经EcoRⅠ／HindⅢ酶切后,1％琼脂糖凝胶电泳证实Ag85B正向插入pMAL-p2载体,重组菌经IPTG诱导后,有约70kD蛋白表达,与预期的融合蛋白分子量相符,蛋白表达量约占细菌总蛋白量的40％;Western blot显示,MBP／Ag85B融合蛋白与人抗结核IgG抗体呈特异性反应;经Amylose resin纯化后,MBP／Ag85B融合蛋白的纯度可达95％以上。结论：成功构建结核分支杆菌Ag85B重组融合蛋白表达质粒并制备及纯化其融合蛋白,为进一步研究Ag85B生物学功能及其抗原表位分析奠定了物质基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.