Ligation-assisted endoscopic submucosal resection with circumferential mucosal incision for duodenal carcinoid tumor

Here we present the case of a 64-year-old female with a duodenal carcinoid tumor treated by ligation-assisted endoscopic submucosal resection(ESMR-L) with circumferential mucosal incision(CMI). Band ligation was effective in resecting the duodenal carcinoid tumor after CMI,with an uneventful post-procedural course. Histopathological examination showed clear tumor margins at deeper tissue levels. Thus,in the present case,ESMR-L with CMI was useful for the treatment of duodenal carcinoid tumor.     

Infection of submucosal tumor after endosonography-guided needle biopsy]

Endosonography fine needle guided aspiration (EUS-FNA) biopsy is an interesting technique for the diagnosis of suspected gastrointestinal lesions, and is rarely complicated by infection. We report one case of severe infection after EUS-FNA of benign oesophageal leiomyoma, leading to an oesophagectomy. Recent studies about this technique described only infectious complications after biopsy of cystic lesions. They also show that EUS-FNA may misdiagnose leiomyosarcoma. Our report confirms these data, and relates a hitherto non-reported complication, i.e. the infection of a non-cystic lesion.     

Success rate of curative endoscopic mucosal resection with circumferential mucosal incision assisted by submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate

BACKGROUND: Circumferential mucosal incision around a lesion is effective for reliable endoscopic mucosal resection. However, mucosal incision with a needle knife is difficult, even with submucosal injection of normal saline solution. To make needle-knife incision easier and safer, sodium hyaluronate has been used rather than normal saline solution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of endoscopic mucosal resection with circumferential mucosal incision assisted by submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate. METHODS: For 70 gastric lesions treated by submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate, the size of the lesion and the resection specimen, the en bloc resection rate, complications, and local recurrence during follow-up were assessed. RESULTS: The mean size of the lesions and resection specimens were, respectively, 19.9 mm and 30.0 mm. The en bloc resection rates were 89% (42/47) for lesions up to 20 mm in diameter and 48% (11/23) for those greater than 20 mm (1-20 mm vs. >20 mm, p = 0.0004). Three patients underwent surgery because of invasive cancer in the EMR specimen. During follow-up (median 14 months, range 3-38 months), 2 recurrent lesions were found. No major complication occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate is a reliable method with a high success rate for en bloc resection of lesions up to 20 mm in diameter. Mucosal incision with a needle knife can be performed safely with submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate.     

术前活检在胃黏膜病变内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗中的价值分析

目的 评价术前活检在胃黏膜病变内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗中的应用价值.方法 对195例术前活检明确诊断为胃上皮内瘤变或早癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性总结,统计术前活检诊断与ESD术后病理诊断的差异性.结果 术前活检与术后病理总符合率达93.8％ (183/195),完全一致率为50.8％ (99/195),其中低级别上皮内瘤变完全一致率为49.4％(42/85),高级别上皮内瘤变完全一致率为38.0％(30/79),早癌完全一致率为87.1％ (27/31),早癌诊断一致率明显高于低级别上皮内瘤变和高级别上皮内瘤变(P＜0.05),而低级别上皮内瘤变诊断一致率与高级别上皮内瘤变比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).有66例(33.8％,66/195)术后病理较术前活检病理程度加重,其中低级别上皮内瘤变有36例(42.4％,36/85),高级别上皮内瘤变有30例(38.0％,30/79);有18例(9.2％,18/195)术后病理较术前活检病理程度减轻,其中高别上皮内瘤变有14例(17.7％,14/79),早癌有4例(12.9％,4/31);术后病理证实为炎性组织12例(6.2％,12/195),其中低级别上皮内瘤变有7例(8.2％,7/85),高级别上皮内瘤变有5例(6.3％,5/79).结论 术前活检病理结果不能完全代表胃黏膜病变的性质,但术前活检病理对ESD切除胃黏膜病变具有良好的提示作用.     

Colonic perforation after endoscopic biopsy of a submucosal tumor: successful conservative treatment

Colonoscopy is a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic procedure with a recognized risk of complications ranging from perforation to hemorrhage and septicemia. Perhaps the most dangerous complication associated with this procedure is bowel perforation. Although some colonic perforations can be treated medically, prompt surgery is generally preferred to minimize morbidity and mortality. We present a case of colonic perforation resulting from bite biopsy followed by mucosal resection of a submucosal tumor. Perforation occurred in a delayed manner despite prophylactic closure of the mucosal defect by the replacement of endoclips. The patient recovered spontaneously after antibiotic treatment and reduction of oral intake. We carried out successful conservative medical treatment of a minor iatrogenically induced bowel perforation without operation.     

Risk factors for local recurrence after en bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer

AIM: To investigate factors related to recurrence following en bloc resection using endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in patients with early gastric cancer(EGC). METHODS: A total of 1121 patients(1215 lesions) who had undergone ESD for gastric neoplasia between April 2003 and May 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Data from 401 patients(415 lesions) were analyzed, following the exclusion of those who underwent piecemeal resection, with deep resection margin invasion or lateral margin infiltration, and diagnosed with benign lesions. RESULTS: Local recurrence after en bloc ESD was found in 36 cases(8.7%). Unclear resection margins, long procedure times, and narrow safety margins were identified as risk factors for recurrence. Lesions located in the upper third of the stomach showed a higher rate of recurrence than those located in the lower third of the stomach(OR = 2.9, P = 0.03). The probability of no recurrence for up to 24 mo was 79.9% in those with a safety resection margin ≤ 1 mm and 89.5% in those with a margin 1 mm(log-rank test, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Even in cases in which en bloc ESD is performed for EGC, local recurrence still occurs. To reduce local recurrences, more careful assessment will be needed prior to the implementation of ESD in casesin which the tumor is located in the upper third of the stomach. In addition, clear identification of tumor boundaries as well as the securing of sufficient safety resection margins will be important.     

新型牵引装置在结直肠侧向发育型肿瘤内镜黏膜下剥离术中的有效性研究

目的 研究新型牵引装置在结直肠侧向发育型肿瘤（laterally spreading tumor,LST）内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）中的有效性。 方法 收集2018年8月—2020年4月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院内镜中心经ESD治疗的结直肠LST患者资料,根据手术过程中是否使用牵引,分为传统ESD组（不使用牵引）及牵引辅助ESD组（利用3个夹子和1个橡皮圈组成弹性三角形牵引装置进行牵引）。分析两组总切除时间、黏膜下剥离时间、黏膜下剥离速率以及安全性等相关指标。 结果 共纳入54例结直肠LST患者,其中29例为传统ESD组,25例为牵引辅助ESD组。两组年龄、性别构成、病变位置比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。牵引辅助ESD组的病变面积为13.30（7.55,15.91）cm2,较传统ESD组的6.90（5.50,13.50）cm2大,差异有统计学意义（U=503.50,P=0.014）。传统ESD组与牵引辅助ESD组总切除时间[48.00（35.50,58.00）min比34.00（29.00,35.00）min,U=109.00,P<0.001]和黏膜下剥离时间[（39.52±12.37） min比（25.68±7.37）min,t=4.89,P<0.001]比较差异有统计学意义。牵引辅助ESD组黏膜下剥离速率快于传统ESD组[0.17（0.13,0.30）cm2/min比0.52（0.30,0.62）cm2/min,U=604.00,P<0.001]。传统ESD组有2例（6.9%）穿孔,牵引辅助ESD无穿孔发生,但穿孔发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.493）。 结论 利用夹子及橡皮圈进行牵引辅助的ESD相对于传统ESD治疗结直肠LST更加安全、有效。     

内镜下胃黏膜剥离术后出血的相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨胃黏膜病变经内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)后出血情况及其相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析自2009年1月至2011年10月间215例因胃黏膜病变行ESD患者的相关临床、内镜及病理资料,统计分析以下相关因素:(1)患者相关因素:如性别、年龄、伴发高血压、糖尿病及其他慢性病,既往服用抗凝药物等情况;(2)病变相关因素:病变大小、部位,表面溃疡或瘢痕情况,大体形态,病理类型;(3)操作相关因素:整块切除情况,创面喷洒猪源纤维蛋白粘合剂,操作时间等因素.结果 纳入研究病例对应病变共有223处,有13例患者(13处病变)发生ESD术后出血,其中7例(53.8％)于术后24h内发生出血,5例(38.5％)于术后1周内发生出血,1例(7.7％)发生于术后第16天.通过单因素与多因素分析,病变长度≥5.0 cm(OR值8.663,95％CI:2.081 ～ 36.075)是ESD术后出血的独立危险因素.结论 病变大小为ESD术后出血的独立危险因素,对于较大病变,ESD术中与术后应予重视,同时应优化ESD术前评估使病变最小化以预防术后出血.     

复方角菜酸酯栓在直肠隆起病变经内镜下黏膜切除或剥离术后的应用价值

[目的]观察复方角菜酸酯栓应用在直肠黏膜及黏膜下隆起病变经内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)或内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)后的疗效及安全性。[方法]60例患者随机分为A组和B组,各30例。A组在术后常规处理的基础上加用复方角菜酸酯栓塞肛,1次/d;B组在术后仅用常规处理;2组疗程均为1周。观察2组术后便血、大便隐血以及术后即刻、1周创面愈合情况。[结果]A组术后出血率明显低于B组(P0.05),术后1周A组创面愈合评分优于B组(P0.05)。[结论]复方角菜酸酯栓可有效预防直肠隆起病变EMR及ESD后出血并发症,并可以促进术后创面愈合,且安全有效,无不良反应。