PTTG表达与垂体腺瘤侵袭性关系

目的 探讨垂体瘤转化基因(Pituitary tumor transforming gene，PTTG)表达与腺瘤侵袭性的关系及其临床意义。方法 回顾近年我科经手术切除的44例垂体腺瘤标本及6例正常垂体组织，均经10％的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋。联合运用Knosp影像学标准及任祖渊标准，参考术中情况，将肿瘤标本分为侵袭组与非侵袭组；运用免疫组化的方法检测这50例标本中PTTG蛋白表达情况；分析PTTG表达与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的内在关系。结果 免疫组化实验结果显示PTTG蛋白在侵袭性垂体腺瘤组中显著高表达，在非侵袭性腺瘤组中有一定表达，在正常垂体组织中未见表达。结论 原癌基因PTTG表达水平和垂体腺瘤侵袭性密切相关，可作为腺瘤侵袭性的标志物。     

垂体腺瘤中血管生成与肿瘤侵袭性关系的研究

目的 研究CD34(Cluster of differentiation，白细胞分化抗原)蛋白在垂体腺瘤中表达，探计抗CD34单抗标记肿瘤血管生成与腺瘤侵袭性的关系及其临床意义。方法 收集近年我科经手术切除的44例垂体腺瘤标本及6例正常全体组织，均经4％的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋。回顾这些病例的详细临床资料，联合运用Knosp影像学标准及任祖渊标准，参考术中情况，将肿瘤标本分为侵袭组与非侵袭组；运用免疫组化方法检测50例标本中抗CD34单抗标记的肿瘤血管生成(指标为微血管密度—Mi-crovascular Density，MVD)情况；分析肿瘤血管生成与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的内在关系。结果 免疫组化实验结果显示CD34蛋白在侵袭性垂体腺瘤组中显著高表达，在非侵袭性腺瘤组及正常垂体组中也有一定表达，抗CD34单抗标记的肿瘤血管生成情况与垂体腺瘤侵袭性密切相关(P＜0．001)，非侵袭组及正常垂体组表达无统计学差异。结论 抗CD34单抗标记的肿瘤血管生成情况与垂体腺瘤侵袭性密切相关，可作为腺瘤侵袭性的分子标志。     

垂体腺瘤中血管生成及其与肿瘤侵袭性关系的研究

目的：研究CD34（Cluster of differentiation，白细胞分化抗原)蛋白在垂体腺瘤中表达，探讨抗CD34单抗标记肿瘤血管生成与腺瘤侵袭性的关系及其临床意义。方法：集近年我科经手术切除的44例垂体腺瘤标本及6例正常垂体组织，均经4％的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋。回顾这些病例的详细临床资料，联合运用Knosp影像学标准及任祖渊标准，参考术中情况，将肿瘤标本分为侵袭组与非侵袭组；然后运用免疫组化的方法检到这50例标本中抗CD34单抗标记肿瘤血管生成(其指标为微血管密度—Microvascular Density,MVD)的情况；分析肿瘤血管生成与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的内在关系。结果：免疫组化实验结果显示既物蛋白在侵袭性垂体膝瘤组中显著高表达，在非侵袭性腺瘤组及正常垂体组中也有一定表达，抗CD34单抗标记的肿瘤血管生成情况与全体腺瘤侵袭性密切相关(P＜0．001)，非侵袭组及正常垂体组表达无统计学差异。结论：抗CD34单抗标记的肿瘤血管生成情况与垂体腺瘤侵袭性密切相关，可作为腺瘤侵袭性的分子标志。     

垂体腺瘤中CXCR4、VEGF的表达及其与侵袭性之间的关系

目的观察基质细胞衍生趋化因子-1（SDF-1）受体CXCR4及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在垂体腺瘤中表达水平,为侵袭性垂体腺瘤的治疗提供理论和实验依据。方法采用免疫组化SABC方法检测9例非侵袭垂体腺瘤及39例侵袭性垂体腺瘤（Ⅰ级15例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级10例）瘤组织中CXCR4及VEGF水平。采用多功能真彩色病理分析系统进行免疫组化分析。结果 39例侵袭性垂体腺瘤和9例非侵袭性垂体腺瘤均可见CXCR4和VEGF的表达。非侵袭性垂体腺瘤患者与侵袭性垂体腺瘤患者比较,CXCR4和VEGF的表达差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Ⅲ级侵袭腺瘤的CXCR4及VEGF表达均高于Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级侵袭性垂休腺瘤及非侵袭性垂体腺瘤,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Ⅱ级侵袭性垂体腺瘤表达高于非侵袭垂体腺瘤,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。CXCR4的表达与VEGF的表达之间存在明显相关（r=0.653,P〈0.01）。结论 CXCR4及VEGF在侵袭性垂体腺瘤的表达明显高于非侵袭性垂体腺瘤,且随着侵袭程度的加剧而增高,与垂体腺瘤的侵袭性相关;CXCR4与VEGF呈正的直线相关关系,对垂体腺瘤的侵袭性生物学行为的评估有重要意义,并为临床制定合理的治疗方案、预后判断及疗效评定提供客观参考依据。     

垂体腺瘤中PTEN蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨抑癌基因PTEN蛋白在垂体腺瘤中的表达及其与垂体腺瘤侵袭性的关系。方法:应用免疫组化(S-P法)检测59例垂体肿瘤与4例正常脑组织中PTEN蛋白的表达情况。结果:PTEN蛋白在4例正常脑组织中全部表达,非侵袭性垂体腺瘤中PTEN蛋白表达高于侵袭性垂体腺瘤,具有显著性差异(P<0.01),在不同功能类型的垂体腺瘤之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。PTEN蛋白表达在无囊变、卒中垂体腺瘤组中高于有囊变、卒中组,两者有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:垂体瘤的发生发展中存在PTEN基因失活现象,并与垂体腺瘤的侵袭性相关。     

垂体腺瘤bFGF表达、血管形成与侵袭性的关系

目的：探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 ( bFGF )表达、肿瘤血管形成在垂体腺瘤侵袭性中的意义. 方法：用免疫组化法(SABC法)检测 39例侵袭性垂体腺瘤、19例非侵袭性垂体腺瘤和4例正常垂体腺组织中 bFGF的表达,并用第Ⅷ因子相关抗原(F8-RA)免疫组化染色来计数垂体腺瘤的血管数量(微血管密度),探讨二者与肿瘤侵袭性的关系. 结果：bFGF的表达、肿瘤血管形成与垂体腺瘤的侵袭性密切相关.侵袭性垂体腺瘤bFGF表达水平、血管计数显著高于非侵袭性垂体腺瘤和正常垂体腺组织,而非侵袭性垂体腺瘤与正常腺组织间则无显著差异(t=1.469,P>0.05);侵袭性腺瘤中bFGF表达水平与肿瘤微血管数量呈正相关(r=0.361,P<0.05). 结论：bFGF可能通过促血管生成作用刺激垂体腺瘤生长与侵袭.     

CXCL12/CXCR4在涎腺腺样囊性癌及周围神经组织中的表达

目的:探讨趋化因子CXCL12及其受体CXCR4与涎腺腺样囊性癌嗜神经侵袭之间的关系.方法:涎腺腺样囊性癌病例标本41例,舌癌病例标本30例,腮腺多形性腺瘤病例标本20例,正常神经组织标本20例.所有标本均制成4 μm厚的切片.应用EnVision法检测CXCR4在腺样囊性癌肿瘤组织内的表达以及CXCL12在周围神经组织内的表达.结果:腺样囊性癌癌组织内CXCR4阳性表达率为63.41%,显著高于舌癌(36.67%)及多形性腺瘤(35%)(P<0.05);周围神经组织内CXCL12高表达(64.38%),在腺样囊性癌内的神经组织与舌癌内的神经组织及正常神经组织中CXCL12阳性率无显著差异.结论:趋化因子受体CXCR4在腺样囊性癌中高表达,趋化因子CXCL12在周围神经组织内高表达,提示CXCL12/CXCR4可能在腺样囊性癌嗜神经侵袭中发挥重要作用.     

侵袭性垂体腺瘤与免疫相关分子的研究进展

侵袭性垂体腺瘤的诊断和治疗一直是神经外科的一个难题.近年来研究发现侵袭性垂体腺瘤与一些免疫相关分子关系密切.CD105对于侵袭性垂体腺瘤的侵袭性生长和丰富血供有很好标记作用;CD147在侵袭性垂体腺瘤中的表达明显升高,可以作为肿瘤侵袭性的一项指标;CD31在复发性垂体腺瘤中的表达强度明显升高,对侵袭性垂体腺瘤的预后评估及治疗方案的选择有重要指导意义;CD44s与血CD44V6浓度值与侵袭性垂体腺瘤密切相关.IL-17及其受体、IL-4Roα、IL-13Rα1、IL-2Rγ、IL-1Rα、IL-6、IL-2及趋化因子受体CXCR4都与垂体腺瘤侵袭性关系密切.这些免疫相关分子为侵袭性垂体腺瘤的诊断和治疗提供了更广阔的前景.     

趋化因子CXCL12及其受体CXCR4在头颈部鳞癌中的表达和临床意义

目的研究趋化因子CXCL12及其受体CXCR4在头颈部鳞癌中的表达情况及其与分化程度、侵袭性及淋巴结转移的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法检测96例头颈部鳞癌和20例头颈部正常上皮组织中CXCL12和CXCR4蛋白的表达情况及其与临床病理特征的关系。结果免疫组化结果发现CXCL12蛋白在头颈部鳞癌组织细胞中阳性表达率为68.8%,CXCR4蛋白在头颈部鳞癌组织细胞中阳性表达率为66.7%。CXCL12及其CXCR4在头颈部正常上皮组织中的表达为阴性。CXCR4的表达与T分期及N分期呈正相关（P〈0.05）,CXCR12的表达与T分期及N分期无关;CXCL12和CXCR4在头颈部鳞癌组织中的表达与肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤位置、患者年龄及性别无关。结论头颈部鳞癌组织中CXCL12和CXCR4蛋白的表达程度明显高于头颈部正常上皮组织,提示CXCR4-CXCL12轴在头颈部鳞癌发生、发展中发挥作用;CRCR4的表达与头颈部鳞癌局部浸润及淋巴结转移呈正相关,提示CXCR4在头颈部鳞癌组织中的表达可成为头颈部鳞癌预后不良的因素之一。     

PLGF及其受体VEGFR-1在侵袭性垂体腺瘤中的表达

目的:探讨胎盘生长因子(Placenta growth factor,PLGF)及其受体血管内皮生长因子受体-1(Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1,VEGFR-1)在侵袭性和非侵袭性垂体腺瘤中的表达及与垂体腺瘤侵袭发生发展的相关性.方法:收集57例垂体腺瘤手术标本,按侵袭性垂体腺瘤综合判定方法分为侵袭组和非侵袭组,采用免疫组化检测PLGF和VEGFR-1蛋白的表达,RT-PCR法检测PLGF和VEGFR-1 mRNA的表达,分析侵袭组和非侵袭组PLGF和VEGFR-1表达水平的差异.结果:57例垂体瘤患者中,30例为侵袭性垂体腺瘤,27例为非侵袭性垂体腺瘤.侵袭性垂体腺瘤组PLGF和VEGFR-1的蛋白和mRNA表达均较非侵袭性腺瘤组增高.结论:垂体腺瘤的侵袭性与PLGF和VEGFR-1蛋白及mRNA的高表达密切相关,二者可能参与侵袭性垂体腺瘤的发生及发展过程.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.