中西医结合治疗预防再发性脑梗塞88例临床观察

中西医结合治疗预防再发性脑梗塞８８例临床观察季福金，杨淑范哈尔滨市第三医院１５００６６腔隙性脑梗塞是脑血管意外中最多见的一种，也是中老年人的一种多发病，其临床表现属祖国医学的中风范畴。目前，首发病例经临床治疗，大部分可以治愈，但由于中老年人存在着动脉...     

侵袭性血管粘液瘤的临床及病理分析

目的探讨侵袭性血管粘液瘤（aggressive angiomyxoma，AAM）的临床病理特征及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2例侵袭性血管粘液瘤的临床病理学资料。结果2例均采取手术治疗，1例患者给予肿瘤包块切除后复发，复发者及另一例均采取局部广泛切除，至今未见复发。术中见：肿瘤无包膜，剖面均一灰白色、胶质样，有粘液性间质分隔。病检示：瘤细胞呈梭形或星形疏松排列于粘液间质背景中，核无有丝分裂活性，其间有厚壁血管。免疫组化显示：desmin，vimentin，ER，PR（＋），SMA、S-100（-）。结论AAM是一种罕见的、局部浸润性间质肿瘤。侵袭性、复发性是其重要特征，需提高首次诊断的正确性，首次治疗以局部广泛切除为宜，且需长期随访监测。     

病理性瘢痕的治疗策略

在过去的几十年中,人们对增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩的形成机制、治疗策略进行了大量的研究。但由于参与病理性瘢痕发病的调控因素众多、机制复杂,至今其的确切病因仍不十分明了,在现有的治疗方法中也尚无一种方案能达到完全治愈的效果。本文对目前具有代表性的病理性瘢痕的治疗方法,进行了综述。     

治愈两例特重度烧伤的临床体会

目的：总结基层诊所治愈特重度烧伤病例经验。方法：两例病人全程应用烧伤湿性医疗技术(MEBT／MEB0)进行系统性全身治疗和对创面的规范化处理。结果：两例烧伤面积90％、95％的患者分别在伤后28天、35天内治愈，未植皮，无功能障碍。结论：MEBT／MEBO是一种从局部到全身系统性治疗的先进医疗技术，它以患者痛苦小、治疗效果好、无需很高的医疗设备而受到医务人员和患者的欢迎。该疗法在基层诊所救治特重度烧伤方面具有较大的可行性。     

非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的诊断与手术治疗经验

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床特征、诊断要点及手术治疗原则。方法对2000年1月—2006年2月本院的25例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎(真菌性上颌窦炎18例,真菌性蝶窦炎7例)的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果25例中23例一次性治愈,随访1~6年无复发,1例非侵袭性真菌性蝶窦炎和1例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎、筛窦炎分别于术后3月和1年后复发,经再次手术后完全治愈。结论对有深部头痛或一侧头痛患者伴有回吸性血痰等症状的鼻窦炎患者应进行详细的鼻内窥镜检查和鼻窦CT检查,手术中尽量扩大病变的蝶窦开口和上颌窦开口,手术后定期冲洗窦腔是防止复发的关键。     

骨肉瘤热化疗疗效分析

骨肉瘤是高度恶性的间叶组织肿瘤，好发于青少年和年轻成人，特点是恶性肉瘤基质细胞产生骨样基质，在局部呈侵袭性生长并且易发生转移，生存期短、致死致残率高。我院于2001年至今采用热化疗治疗骨肉瘤患者共12例，收到较好效果，现将疗效分析如下。     

侵袭性和非侵袭性胸腺瘤的CT特征

胸腺瘤是前纵隔常见的原发性肿瘤，是胸腺的内皮性肿瘤，大多数的胸腺肿瘤有完整的包膜，但是有部分侵袭性胸腺瘤包膜不完整和可以侵袭周围邻近组织，由于愈后不同，在治疗前鉴别侵袭性胸腺瘤和非侵袭性胸腺瘤，对手术、放疗、化疗的方案的制定是极为重要的。本研究通过分析侵袭性胸腺瘤和非侵袭性胸腺瘤的CT表现及特征，为鉴别侵袭性胸腺瘤和非侵袭性胸腺瘤提供依据，现报告如下。     

MEBO治疗特发性阴囊坏疽(附2例报告)

目的：特发，性阴囊坏疽是一种少见的细菌感染，性疾病，探索，性的采用MEBO治疗。方法：局部涂布MEBO，每8小时1次，并与清除坏死组织相结合。结果：一例2周治愈，另一例4周治愈，未行自体皮移植治疗。结论：MEBO可促使创面愈合，且有较强的抗链球菌与金葡菌的作用。     

高强度聚焦超声消融治疗子宫肌瘤的临床应用

子宫肌瘤发病率高且患者逐渐低龄化.高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)的问世,为子宫肌瘤的治疗开辟的新的途径.HIFU是一种非侵袭性治疗实体肿瘤的方法,利用超声波的穿透性、可聚焦性和人体组织对超声波的吸收特性,将体外低能量超声波聚焦于靶区组织,产生高温使局部组织发生凝固坏死.随着其治疗技术日趋成熟,HIFU逐渐被患者和临床医师接受.大量临床实践及研究表明,HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤具有疗效肯定、安全性高、并发症少等优点,现就其临床研究予以简述.     

乳腺癌外科治疗的进展与评价

乳腺癌的外科治疗已有几百年的历史，直到目前为止，外科手术仍是可治愈性乳腺癌的主要治疗方法，其目的是最大限度的减轻肿瘤负荷，以求最大限度的发挥术后综合治疗的作用，以利于机体自身的免疫功能更有效的发挥作用，并可供病理组织学检查及检测癌组织雌激素和孕酮受体；手术同时还可清除第一站的淋巴结引流，了解区域淋巴结有无转移及转移数量，为临床分期及手术后选择适宜的辅助治疗提供依据。历史回顾1853年Paget首先对乳癌肿块行单纯局部切除治疗，但术后局部很快又出现新的癌肿以致治疗失败。1867年Moors分析以上现象认为单纯切除…     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.