History of the Research Institute of Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences

The article provides data on the activities of the Laboratory of Physiology established at the Institute of Labour Hygiene and Occupational Pathology in 1924-1930 on the initiative of Prof V. A. Obukh, Head of the Moscow City Health Department. Physiologists I. P. Razenkov was the founder of the Laboratory. Other Soviet physiologists--Kh. S. Koshtoyants, E. V. Babsky, S. E. Severin, P. G. Sinyakin, known for their innovative research, started their scientific careers at this Laboratory. Profound research in lead and zinc effects on man, muscle overload, dietetic studies for different professional groups were performed at the laboratory, along with other issues set forth by clinical practice.     

博物馆工作的职业危害探讨

在博物馆藏品保管工作中,对标本进行防鼠、防虫、防螨、防霉等净化处理都离不开化学药剂,馆藏标本的数量越多,库房内的药物残留量也就越多,该文论述了馆藏工作人员长期在这种环境下工作所接触到的3种有害化学物对健康的影响。     

我国职业卫生与职业病学的发展史

目的论述对职业卫生与职业病学做出过贡献的人和事,划分职业卫生与职业病发展时段,方便学术研讨。方法结合职业卫生与职业病学学科演变、职业卫生工作进展等资讯进行分析并予以确定。结果职业卫生与职业病学可分为3个期和3个阶段,3个期为萌芽(雏形)期、成形(冠名)期、发展(深化)期;3个阶段是工业卫生阶段、劳动卫生阶段、职业卫生阶段。结论职业卫生与职业病学是预防医学的一个重要分支学科,它学术性强,专业理论博杂,要想在职业卫生与职业病学工作中有所建树,必须精通专业理论知识和相关学科理论知识。职业卫生与职业病学工作保障了工人的身体健康,遏制了职业病危害,促进了国民经济的有序发展。学习和掌握职业卫生与职业病学知识,了解和熟悉职业卫生与职业病学发展史,对职业病防治工作的开展及学术研讨有明显的帮助。     

Occupational Diseases of Teeth

Occupational diseases of the teeth have, in general, receivedscant attention. The chief cause of this is lack of awarenessamong occupational physicians. Exposure to various chemicalsubstances is one of the causes of occupation-related dentaldisorders. Physical and biological factors also contribute.The combination of these factors plus poor dental hygiene aggravatesthe condition. The present article aims to focus the attentionof occupational physicians towards this important problem. Requests for reprints should be addressed to: Dr B. N. Gupta, Epidemiology Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box 80, Lucknow-226001, India