慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者冬病夏治的护理

目的 探讨药物穴位贴敷治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的护理方法.方法 对300例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者进行穴位贴敷,同时对患者进行辨证施护.结果 连续坚持3个疗程后,临床控制51例(17.0%),显效93例(31.0%),有效102例(34.0%),无效54例(18.0%),总有效率82.0%.结论 穴位贴敷治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病临床效果显著.配合辨证施护避免了皮肤感染等并发症,提高了患者治疗依从性.     

68例慢性阻塞性肺疾病护理体会

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的护理方法.方法:对68例COPD患者在给予抗感染、化痰、平喘等综合治基础上,同时实施基础护理、营养指导、心理护理、合理氧疗、呼吸道护理、呼吸功能锻炼等针对性的护理干预.结果:64例经治疗和护理后咳嗽、咯痰、呼吸困难均较前减轻,病情好转出院,有效率94.1％.结论:对COPD患者给予合理的治疗以及护理措施能有效控制呼吸道感染,改善肺心功能,从而控制病情发展,提高患者生活质量.     

冬病夏治治疗反复呼吸道感染患儿的护理

对236例反复呼吸道感染患儿进行冬病夏治贴敷治疗。结果显效64例,有效135例,总有效率84.3%。出现局部皮肤发红瘙痒、疼痛140例,皮肤发泡50例,均经抽液、涂药等处理好转。提示反复呼吸道感染患儿冬病夏治贴敷治疗效果好,贴敷前加强心理护理、做好环境准备,贴敷中正确取穴,贴敷后做好健康指导、加强局部护理是治疗成功的关键。     

稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的家庭护理干预

目的提高稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者治疗依从性及生活质量。方法将60例稳定期COPD患者随机分为对照组和干预组各30例，出院前对两组患者发放健康教育资料并进行健康指导，午预组在此基础上，对患者进行戒烟、心理支持、运动训练、营养指导等家庭护理干预。比较两组干预前后患者的临床症状、生活厦量、治疗依从性及肺功能改善情况。结果干预后干预组临床症状及生命质量评分显著低于对照组，而治疗依从性显著高于对照组（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论家庭护理干预能显著提高稳定期COPD患者对疾病的认识程度，对延缓其肺功能下降和提高生活质量有积极的作用。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的远程护理干预

目的探讨远程护理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者康复的影响。方法将符合纳入标准的83例COPD患者随机分为对照组42例和干预组41例,在患者出院后3个月内,对照组接受常规护理随诊,干预组在此基础上运用电话、QQ和邮件方式对患者实施远程护理干预。结果干预组患者出院后呼吸困难评分及症状严重程度评分显著低于对照组,3个月内再入院率显著低于对照组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论对出院后COPD患者实施远程护理干预,可有效改善其病情与症状,效果优于常规方法。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的远程护理干预

目的探讨远程护理干预对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者康复的影响。方法将符合纳入标准的83例COPD患者随机分为对照组42例和干预组41例,在患者出院后3个月内,对照组接受常规护理随诊,干预组在此基础上运用电话、QQ和邮件方式对患者实施远程护理干预。结果干预组患者出院后呼吸困难评分及症状严重程度评分显著低于对照组,3个月内再入院率显著低于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论对出院后COPD患者实施远程护理干预,可有效改善其病情与症状,效果优于常规方法。     

冬病夏治治疗反复呼吸道感染患儿的护理

对236例反复呼吸道感染患儿进行冬病夏治贴敷治疗.结果 显效64例,有效135例,总有效率84.3%.出现局部皮肤发红瘙痒、疼痛140例,皮肤发泡50例,均经抽液、涂药等处理好转.提示反复呼吸道感染患儿冬病夏治贴敷治疗效果好,贴敷前加强心理护理、做好环境准备,贴敷中正确取穴,贴敷后做好健康指导、加强局部护理是治疗成功的关键.     

稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的家庭护理干预

目的 提高稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者治疗依从性及生活质量.方法 将60例稳定期COPD患者随机分为对照组和干预组各30例,出院前对两组患者发放健康教育资料并进行健康指导,干预组在此基础上,对患者进行戒烟、心理支持、运动训练、营养指导等家庭护理干预.比较两组干预前后患者的临床症状、生活质量、治疗依从性及肺功能改善情况.结果 干预后干预组临床症状及生命质量评分显著低于对照组,而治疗依从性显著高于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 家庭护理干预能显著提高稳定期COPD患者对疾病的认识程度,对延缓其肺功能下降和提高生活质量有积极的作用.     

分子吸附再循环系统治疗慢性重型肝炎病人的护理

应用分子吸附再循环系统(mokcular adsorbent recirculation system,MARS)治疗慢性重型肝炎8例(18例次)。结果治疗后生化指标下降明显．临床症状明显改善。认为完善的心理护理,严格的技术操作规程,严密的病情观察,及时的并发症处理等护理措施是顺利进行MARS治疗的保障。     

辨证施护对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨辨证施护对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者生活质量的影响.方法 将80例COPD患者按入院奇偶数分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组在常规护理的基础上根据疾病证型进行辨证施护.采用COPD患者生活质量评定量表评价两组患者的生活质量.结果 干预2个月后两组日常生活、社会活动、抑郁、焦虑及生活质量总均分比较,差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.05).结论 辩证施护能提高COPD患者的生活质量.     

Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: Recommendations for Diagnosis,Treatment and Care

ObjectiveTo describe an evidence- and experience-based expert consensus on the most relevant issues of patients with COPD exacerbations.MethodsThe Delphi technique was used. Evidence was reviewed by a scientific committee and 60 experts. A questionnaire was prepared containing 3 sections: diagnosis of the exacerbator; treatment, and healthcare processes. The survey was answered in 2 rounds by 60 pneumologists on an online platform. Statements were scored on a Likert scale from 1 (total disagreement) to 9 (total agreement). Agreement and disagreement were defined as a score of 7–9 or 1–3, respectively, given by more than two thirds of the participants.ResultsA total of 48 statements were included, one of which was added in the second round. Consensus was reached in 37 items (78.7%) after the first round (agreement), and in 43 (89.5%) after the second round (42 agreement, 1 disagreement). The statements with the highest proportion of experts agreeing were as follows: in exacerbators, chronic bronchial infection favors lung function decline (93.1%); long-acting bronchodilators should not be withdrawn (93.1%); treatment must be personalized if new exacerbations occur despite optimal bronchodilator treatment (96.6%); management must be coordinated between primary care and the respiratory medicine department (93.1%), and patients must be followed up in specific integrated multicomponent programs (94.8%).ConclusionsThe findings of this study could assist in the diagnosis and treatment of COPD exacerbators in our area.     

BILT肝病治疗仪治疗慢性肝病的效果观察及护理

目的观察BILT肝病治疗仪（下称治疗仪）治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化的疗效。方法随机将110例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化患者分为常规治疗组（常规组,52例）和治疗仪辅助治疗组（治疗仪组,58例）。常规组给予常规治疗和护理,治疗仪组在常规治疗的基础上加用治疗仪照射肝区及针对性护理,连续治疗20d后评价效果。结果治疗仪组治疗后乏力、纳差、腹胀、胁痛症状改善率显著高于常规组,ALT、AST、TBil含量显著低于常规组（均P〈0．01）。结论对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化患者采用治疗仪照射肝区及针对性护理,可提高疗效。     

Muscle Glucose Metabolism in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

IntroductionMuscle dysfunction is one of the most extensively studied manifestations of COPD. Metabolic changes in muscle are difficult to study in vivo, due to the lack of non-invasive techniques. Our aim was to evaluate metabolic activity simultaneously in various muscle groups in COPD patients.MethodsThirty-nine COPD patients and 21 controls with normal lung function, due to undergo computed axial and positron emission tomography for staging of localized lung lesions were included. After administration of 18-fluordeoxyglucose, images of 2 respiratory muscles (costal and crural diaphragm, and rectus abdominus) and 2 peripheral muscles (brachial biceps and quadriceps) were obtained, using the standard uptake value as the glucose metabolism index.ResultsStandard uptake value was higher in both portions of the diaphragm than in the other muscles of all subjects. Moreover, the crural diaphragm and rectus abdominus showed greater activity in COPD patients than in the controls (1.8±0.7 vs 1.4±0.8; and 0.78±0.2 vs 0.58±0.1; respectively, P<.05). A similar trend was observed with the quadriceps. In COPD patients, uptake in the two respiratory muscles and the quadriceps correlated directly with air trapping (r=0.388, 0.427 and 0.361, respectively, P<.05).ConclusionsThere is greater glucose uptake and metabolism in the human diaphragm compared to other muscles when the subject is at rest. Increased glucose metabolism in the respiratory muscles (with a similar trend in their quadriceps) of COPD patients is confirmed quantitatively, and is directly related to the mechanical loads confronted.     

冬令营式干预改善低BMI型COPD患者生活质量的研究

目的 改善低体重指数(BMI)型慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的生活质量.方法 将98例低BMI型COPD患者按自愿原则分为观察组(48例)和对照组(50例).对照组予常规社区护理3个月;观察组立冬时入驻冬令营,实施营养支持、呼吸操训练、空气监测、低流量吸氧及健康教育等措施,连续3个月,于立春日结束.结果 干预后,观察组BMI、6 min步行距离及肺功能改善程度显著优于对照组(均P＜0.05);两组干预前后QOL评分比较,差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.05).结论 冬令营式的综合干预可显著改善低BMI型COPD患者BMI及肺功能,从而改善其生活质量.     

BILT肝病治疗仪治疗慢性肝病的效果观察及护理

目的 观察BILT肝病治疗仪(下称治疗仪)治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化的疗效.方法 随机将110例慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化患者分为常规治疗组(常规组,52例)和治疗仪辅助治疗组(治疗仪组,58例).常规组给予常规治疗和护理,治疗仪组在常规治疗的基础上加用治疗仪照射肝区及针对性护理.连续治疗20 d后评价效果.结果 治疗仪组治疗后乏力、纳差、腹胀、胁痛症状改善率显著高于常规组,ALT、AST、TBil含量显著低于常规组(均P<0.01).结论 对慢性乙型病毒性肝炎和肝炎肝硬化患者采用治疗仪照射肝区及针对性护理.可提高疗效.