参归软肝胶囊对实验性肝损伤的保护作用研究

目的探讨参归软肝胶囊对D-氨基半乳糖引起的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法小鼠72只,随机分为6组,对照组、模型组、阳性对照组和参归软肝胶囊高(5.4 g/kg)、中(2.7 g/kg)、低(1.35 g/kg)剂量组。连续灌胃7 d,2次/d,于末次给药后1 h,除空白对照组外,各动物均经腹腔注射D-氨基半乳糖800 mg/kg造成小鼠急性肝损伤2,4 h后取血测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST),取肝脏匀浆测定肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量及进行肝脏组织学检查。结果参归软肝胶囊中、高剂量组可降低D-氨基半乳糖引起的肝损伤小鼠的ALT、AST、MDA水平,并能减轻肝细胞的病理损害。结论参归软肝胶囊对D-氨基半乳糖引起的小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

肝复康胶囊对氨基半乳糖所致小鼠肝损伤的疗效研究

目的 探讨肝复康胶囊对氨基半乳糖所致小鼠肝损伤的疗效.方法 将肝复康胶囊灌胃给予,腹腔注射氨基半乳糖致小鼠肝损伤.用半自动生化分析仪测小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,取小鼠肝脏做病理形态学观察.结果 给予肝复康胶囊(0.9、1.8、3.6 g/kg.d)可显著降低氨基半乳糖肝损伤小鼠血清ALT和AST活性,并使肝病理损伤有不同程度减轻.结论 肝复康胶囊对小鼠急性肝损伤有明显治疗作用.     

春柴胡及北柴胡水提部位对急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察北柴胡和春柴胡对急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用.方法 采用D-氨基半乳糖胺致小鼠急性肝损害模型,以存活率、肝功能等作为观察指标比较春柴胡及北柴胡水提部位的保肝作用.结果 北柴胡5.0、10.0 g/kg剂量组、春柴胡10.0 g/kg剂量组均能显著降低肝损伤模型的血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT),血清门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),血清胆红素(T-Bili).结论 春柴胡和北柴胡水提部位均具有一定的保肝作用,北柴胡保肝疗效优于春柴胡.     

HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响

目的:研究HG颗粒对免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的影响.方法:50只小鼠用卡介苗联合脂多糖腹腔注射,建立小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,其中4组分别给予HG颗粒高(9 g/kg)、中(4.5 g/kg)、低(2.25 g/kg)剂量及复方鳖甲软肝片(1.5 g/kg)灌胃治疗,余10只模型小鼠(模型对照组)和10只未造模小鼠(正常对照组)给予蒸馏水灌胃,1次/d,10 d后,检测各组小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性.结果:模型对照组小鼠血清ALT、AST活性较正常对照组增高.HG颗粒组血清ALT、AST活性均较模型对照组下降(P＜0.05).结论:HG颗粒具有保护卡介苗联合脂多糖致免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝功能的作用.     

鬼针草提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的预防作用

目的研究鬼针草提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)致小鼠肝损伤的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法昆明种小鼠50只随机分为正常对照组、模型组、联苯双酯组、鬼针草提取物低剂量10 g/(kg.d)、鬼针草提取物高剂量组20 g/(kg.d)5组。用四氯化碳(CCl4)建立小鼠肝损伤模型,测定小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性为指标观察鬼针草提取物对肝脏损伤的保护作用。结果鬼针草提取物能明显降低动物模型的血清ALT、AST和肝匀浆MDA含量,提高肝脏GSH-Px活性。结论鬼针草提取物对化学性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,且与药物剂量有关。     

决明子乙醇提取物对大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

[目的]探讨决明子乙醇提取物对D-氨基半乳糖所致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.[方法]灌胃给予给药组大鼠10,5 g/kg决明子乙醇提取物,阳性对照组大鼠给予0.2 g/kg联苯双酯,正常对照组及模型对照组大鼠给予等体积生理盐水,连续5 d.实验第4日给予模型对照组和给药组大鼠腹腔注射0.5 g/kg D-氨基半乳糖,给予正常对照组大鼠腹腔注射等体积生理盐水.24 h后摘眼球取血,剖取肝组织,制备肝线粒体悬浮液,分别测定血清ALT,AST,SOD,GSH-PX活性及MDA含量,测定肝线粒体SOD,GSH-PX活性及MDA含量.[结果]决明子乙醇提取物可显著抑制D-氨基半乳糖所致急性肝损伤大鼠血清中ALT,AST质量浓度的升高,并提高血清及肝线粒体SOD,GSH-PX活性,降低MDA含量.[结论]决明子乙醇提取物对D-氨基半乳糖所致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用.     

北柴胡乙醇提取物对急性肝损伤小鼠肝脏的保护作用及成分分析

[目的]探讨北柴胡乙醇提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并对北柴胡乙醇提取物成分进行分离和结构鉴定.[方法]灌胃给予小鼠北柴胡乙醇提取物,利用D-氨基半乳糖胺制作小鼠急性肝损伤模型,采用比色法测定血清中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性.采用正反相柱层析和核磁共振等方法,对北柴胡的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定.[结果]北柴胡乙醇提取物显著降低D-氨基半乳糖胺所致小鼠血清AST,ALT活性的升高,与模型对照组相比较有显著性差异.从北柴胡乙醇提取物中分离得到了各1种三萜皂苷类化合物和神经酰胺类化合物.[结论]北柴胡乙醇提取物对D-氨基半乳糖胺所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用;分离得到三萜类化合物Saikosaponin b2,神经酰胺类化合物Lonijaposide A,其中Lonijaposide A首次从北柴胡中分离得到.     

美味猕猴桃提取物对D-半乳糖胺诱导的肝损伤的影响

目的 研究美味猕猴桃根提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 以D-半乳糖胺为化学毒物制成小鼠急性肝损伤模型,采用赖氏法测定各组动物血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性,并测定肝匀浆MDA含量.结果 模型组小鼠的血清ALT和AST均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.01), MDA含量高于正常对照组(P＜0.01),表明D-半乳糖胺造模成功.血清AST美味猕猴桃根提取物中剂量组明显低于模型组(P＜0.01)、肝脏MDA含量(P＜0.01和P＜0.05),ALT、AST活性和MDA含量低剂量组明显低于模型组(P＜0.01).结论 美味猕猴桃根提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤有预防作用.     

草苁蓉正丁醇及水萃取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

[目的]探讨草苁蓉正丁醇及水萃取物对D-氨基半乳糖（GalN）及内毒素（LPS）联合诱发的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.[方法]将实验小鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、水飞蓟素组（阳性对照组）及草苁蓉正丁醇及水萃取物大、小剂量（240,120mg/kg）组,每日分别灌胃给予实验小鼠相应药物,共7d.实验末期,腹腔注射给予GalN和LPS建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型,并检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）活性及肝组织Caspase-3和Caspase-8活化水平.[结果]草苁蓉正丁醇及水萃取物均可明显降低肝损伤小鼠血清ALT和AST水平,降低肝组织Caspase-3和Caspase-8活化水平.[结论]草苁蓉正丁醇及水萃取物对GalN和LPS联合诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抑制肝细胞凋亡作用有关.     

红景天超微粉对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

[目的]探讨红景天超微粉及乙醇提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,比较两者对肝损伤保护作用的差异.[方法]用D-氨基半乳糖制作小鼠急性肝损伤动物模型,分别灌胃给予不同组小鼠相应剂型及剂量的红景天超微粉和乙醇提取物,连续4 d,末次给药1 h后测定小鼠血清丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)及天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)含量,肝脏匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,同时行肝组织切片,染色,观察病理变化.[结果]红景天超微粉和乙醇提取物均可明显降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT,AST及肝组织匀浆中MDA含量,提高SOD活性.[结论]红景天超微粉和乙醇提取物对小鼠急性肝损伤均具有保护作用,而红景天超微粉的作用优于红景天乙醇提取物.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.