气相色谱法测定莲花清瘟胶囊中薄荷脑的含量

目的:建立气相色谱法测定莲花清瘟胶囊中薄荷脑含量的方法。方法:气相色谱法条件为采用Agilent HP-INNOWax色谱柱(30 m·0.25 mm,0.25μm),FID检测器,载气为N2,流速为1 mL/min,进样体积为1μL。结果:薄荷脑在5.58⁴46.72μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9995,平均回收率为99.34%(RSD=0.33%,n=3)。结论:本方法操作简便,结果准确、可靠,可作为莲花清瘟胶囊中薄荷脑质量控制方法。     

气相色谱法测定薄荷脑鼻用原位凝胶喷雾剂中薄荷脑的含量

目的 建立薄荷脑鼻用原位凝胶喷雾剂中薄荷脑含量的测定方法.方法 采用气相色谱法测定.色谱柱为AgilentDB-WAX毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),柱温为120℃,检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为260℃,进样口温度为220℃,进样量为1μl,载气为氮气,柱流速为1.0 ml/min.结果 薄荷脑质量浓度在0.02~0.20 mg/ml范围内具有良好的线性关系(r=0.9991);精密度、重复性、稳定性试验的RSD<2%;加样回收率为95.1%~103.4%,RSD为2.3%(n=6).结论 该方法操作简便、结果可靠、重复性好,可用于测定薄荷脑鼻用原位凝胶喷雾剂中薄荷脑含量.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定西瓜霜润喉片中冰片和薄荷脑的含量

目的:建立了用毛细管气相色谱测定西瓜霜润喉片中冰片、薄荷脑含量的方法。方法:采用SUPELCOWAX—10(0.53mm×30m×1.0μm)石英毛细管色谱柱,以萘为内标,进样口、检测器温度250℃,柱温130℃。结果:薄荷脑的线性范围为6.848~513.6μg/mL,平均回收率为101.64%,RSD=2.42%(n=6);冰片的线性范围为3.944~246.0μg/mL,平均回收率为100.05%,RSD=3.16%(n=6)。结论:本方法简便、快速,可准确测定西瓜霜润喉片中冰片及薄荷脑的含量。     

GC法测定脑清乳剂中薄荷脑、异龙脑和龙脑的含量

目的建立同时测定脑清乳剂中薄荷脑、异龙脑及龙脑质量分数的毛细管气相色谱方法。方法采用Varian CP-Wax52CB毛细管柱(30 m×0.32 mm×0.45μm),氢火焰离子化检测器(FID),以正十四烷为内标物;色谱条件:80℃维持8 min,以20℃/min升至140℃维持6 min,以30℃/min升至240℃维持30 min;载气为N2,流速1.0 mL/min;进样口温度:250℃;检测器温度:300℃。结果薄荷脑在3.592～35.920μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5,n=7),异龙脑在11.616～116.160μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 3,n=7),龙脑在16.704～167.040μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5,n=7);平均回收率分别为99.0%、98.1%和99.2%。结论本方法操作简便、专属性好、重复性好,可用于脑清乳剂的质量控制。     

GC内标法测定复方愈酚麻黄糖浆中的薄荷脑含量

目的:建立GC内标法测定复方愈酚麻黄糖浆中的薄荷脑含量。方法:岛津气相色谱仪GC-2014;FID检测器;色谱柱:PEG-20为固定相的毛细管柱(30m×320μm,0.25!m);结果:薄荷脑在0.0310~0.3102μg范围内线性关系良好(R~2=0.9999),方法回收率为101.74%(RSD=0.7%)(N=9);结论:该方法简便,快速,准确,可用于该制剂中薄荷脑的含量测定。     

气相色谱法检测复方薄荷脑滴鼻剂薄荷脑和樟脑的含量

目的:建立复方薄荷脑滴鼻剂中薄荷脑和樟脑含量测定的气相色谱检测方法。方法:采用DB-FFAP(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25μm)毛细管柱,以氮气为载气,FID检测,程序升温。结果:薄荷脑和樟脑均在1.0～100.0μg·mL~(-1)范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 1)。结论:本方法简便、准确、快速,可用于复方薄荷脑滴鼻剂中薄荷脑和樟脑的含量测定,控制药品质量。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定他唑巴坦钠中钠离子含量的研究

目的:建立HPLC-ELSD法测定他唑巴坦钠中钠离子含量。方法:采用Waters Spherisorb SCX离子色谱柱(150mm*4.6mm,5μm),以0.05mol/L醋酸铵溶液(用冰醋酸调节pH值至4.8)-甲醇(95:5,v/v)为流动相,流速为1.0ml/min,柱温为25℃,进样量为20μl,以蒸发光散射检测器检测,雾化温度为50℃,载气(氮气)压力为25psi,动力级别为100%。结果:钠离子在浓度1μg/ml~100μg/ml范围内与峰面积呈良好的幂函数关系,r=0.9998;检测限为0.5μg/ml,定量限为1.0μg/ml;加样回收率(n=3)分别为99.0%、100.6%、99.4%,RSD分别为1.5%、2.4%、0.7%。结论:本方法通用性好,专属性强,线性范围宽,耐用性好,可用于他唑巴坦钠中钠离子含量的测定。     

气相色谱法测定白芥子挥发油中异硫氰酸烯丙酯的含量

目的采用气相色谱法测定白芥子挥发油中异硫氰酸烯丙酯的含量。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法进行挥发油提取,通过气相色谱法测定异硫氰酸烯丙酯含量。色谱柱:RTX-5毛细管柱(30m×0.53mm×3.0μm);进样口温度:230℃;检测器温度:260℃;载气为高纯氮气,流速为3ml/min;进样方式为分流进样,分流比为10∶1;进样量:2μl。结果异硫氰酸烯丙酯在10～100μg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 6);平均回收率为97.64%(RSD=2.39%)。结论本方法简单、灵敏、重复性好,可用于白芥子挥发油中异硫氰酸烯丙酯的含量测定。     

GC-FID技术测定苏麻降脂软胶囊中α-亚麻酸的含量

目的建立气相色谱法测定苏麻降脂软胶囊中α-亚麻酸的含量,为质量评价和标准的建立提供依据。方法采用Agilent Innowax毛细管柱(0. 25μm×0. 32 mm×30 m),载气为高纯度氮气。气体流速:氮气20 mL/min,空气350 mL/min,氢气40 mL/min,分流比30:1,检测器为氢离子火焰检测器(FID)。柱温:程序升温,进样口温度230℃,检测器温度250℃。结果α-亚麻酸在0.21～6.57μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 6);平均回收率为97. 91%(RSD=2.94%,n=6)。三批苏麻降脂软胶囊中α-亚麻酸含量范围在12.66%～13.61%,均值为13.07%。结论该方法操作简便,结果准确,重复性良好,可用于苏麻降脂软胶囊中α-亚麻酸的含量测定。     

HPLC蒸发光散射法测定中药炮制辅料牛胆汁中胆酸的含量

目的:建立牛胆汁中胆酸HPLC含量测定的方法,为制定中药炮制辅料牛胆汁的药用标准打下基础.方法:采用5C18-PAQ Waters柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-水-冰醋酸(72:28:0.2)为流动相,流速1 ml/min;蒸发光检测器载气流速2.2 L/min,漂移管温度85℃.结果:胆酸在1.648μg～4.944μg,呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为99.48%,RSD为4.2%.结论:本方法准确,简便,重复性好,可用于牛胆汁中胆酸的含量测定.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.