原发性肝癌患者血清性激素水平的变化及意义

目的 探讨原发性肝癌患者性激素水平的变化及其意义.方法 采用放射免疫固相法检测正常对照（n=21例）组,肝硬化（n=30例）组及肝癌（n=30例）组患者血清睾酮、雌二醇、泌乳素含量并且计算雌二醇/睾酮比值（E2/T）比值.结果 与正常组比较,原发性肝癌组及肝硬化失代偿组中血清雌二醇,泌乳素及E2/T比值均升高,而睾酮则明显减少,差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）,原发性肝癌转移组E2、PRL、T、E2/T比值与未转移组比校差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 性激素失衡与男性原发性肝癌发生、发展有关.性激素水平可作为监测原发性肝癌病情的参考指标.     

雄激素对老年男性认知功能的影响

目的 研究老年男性雄激素与认知功能的关系，分析其可能机制。方法 老年男性87例，按简易智能量表（MMSE）评分分为两组；认知功能障碍组与认知功能正常组。用放射免疫法测定所有病例的血清睾酮及雌二醇水平。分析认知功能障碍组患者睾酮与几项常见认知功能的关系。结果 两组睾酮水平、雌二醇水平及年龄差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其中睾酮水平与认知功能联系更强（P〈0．01）。睾酮水平主要与空间、注意力等认知功能相关。控制年龄因素、雌二醇因素后，睾酮水平与空间、注意力等认知功能仍相关（P〈0．01）。结论 雄激素水平主要影响老年男性空间、注意力等认知功能，且不受雌激素的影响。     

社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍危险因素的病例对照研究

目的分析影响回、汉族社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的可能危险因素,为开展轻度认知功能障碍的社区干预提供参考。方法以社区现场调查诊断的124例轻度认知功能障碍患者为病例组,以性别、年龄、民族为匹配条件,采用1∶1匹配的病例对照设计,分析比较两组受试对象的血清总睾酮、雌二醇、黄体生成素、卵泡刺激素、性激素结合球蛋白以及生化指标的水平,条件Logistic回归模型用于多因素分析。结果轻度认知功能障碍组血清TC、LDL水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。条件Logistic回归最终进入方程的因素有总胆固醇(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.54~0.95)。结论在控制了性别、年龄和民族等因素的影响后,血清中性激素水平与老年人轻度认知功能障碍无关联。     

系统性红斑狼疮患者性激素水平的研究

目的：探讨性激素与系统性红斑狼疮之间的关系。方法：用放射免疫双抗体法（ＲＩＡ）检测了３０例系统性红斑狼疮患者６种性激素：泌乳素（ＰＲＬ）、促卵泡生成素（ＦＳＨ）、促黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、睾酮（Ｔ）、雌二醇（Ｅ２）及孕酮（Ｐ）的水平。结果：泌乳素水平明显高于正常组（ｐ〈０．０５），睾酮、雌二醇、孕酮水平低于正常组（ｐ〈０．０１），促卵泡生成素及促黄体生成素水平与正常组无显著性差异（ｐ〉０．０５）。结论     

慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者前列腺液中性激素水平的研究

目的:探讨性激素睾酮(Testo)、雌二醇(E2)、泌乳素(PRL)在慢性非细菌性前列腺炎(CPPS)发病机制中的作用。方法:采用化学发光免疫分析法(CIA)检测50例慢性前列腺炎患者和20例健康体检者的前列腺液中的性激素水平。结果:慢性前列腺炎组睾酮(Testo)水平比对照组明显下降(P<0.05),雌二醇(E2)水平明显升高(P<0.01),均具有显著性意义;泌乳素(PRL)水平无明显差异。结论:性激素分泌失衡与慢性非细菌性前列腺炎(CPPS)的发生发展有密切关系;但其具体机制尚需进一步研究。     

绝经期甲状腺癌患者性激素水平及其临床意义

目的 探讨绝经期甲状腺癌患者的性激素水平及其临床意义.方法 选取82例绝经期甲状腺癌患者作为绝经期甲状腺癌组,另选取42例健康志愿者作为健康对照组,比较两组研究对象血清促卵泡激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、泌乳素、孕酮、睾酮、雌二醇、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平,分析血清FSH、LH、雌二醇、孕酮、睾酮、泌乳素与血清TSH的相关性.结果 与健康对照组相比,绝经期甲状腺癌组患者的血清FSH、LH、泌乳素水平降低,血清孕酮、睾酮、雌二醇、TSH水平升高(均P<0.05).与肿瘤直径<4 cm、无包膜侵犯、无淋巴结转移、Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者相比,肿瘤直径≥4 cm、有包膜侵犯、有淋巴结转移、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者的血清FSH、LH、泌乳素水平降低,血清孕酮、睾酮、雌二醇、TSH水平升高(均P<0.05).Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清FSH、LH、泌乳素水平与血清TSH水平呈负相关,血清孕酮、睾酮、雌二醇水平与血清TSH水平呈正相关(均P<0.05).结论 绝经期甲状腺癌患者的血清孕酮、睾酮、雌二醇、TSH水平升高,血清FSH、LH、泌乳素水平降低,检测上述指标水平有助于绝经期甲状腺癌的诊断和病情进展评估.     

男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者性功能障碍的研究

目的探讨男性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(0SAS)患者性功能变化及其发生机制.方法采用国际勃起功能指数-5(IIEF-5)量表进行性功能状态测评,并用化学发光BECKMAN Access仪测定血清性激素促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、促泌乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(TT)等水平.结果与健康对照组相比,轻中度和重度OSAS组患者的性功能障碍发生率均明显增高(x2值分别为2.72和2.83;P＜0.05);而3组间的性激素水平均无明显差异(F值分别为2.558,0.860,1.205,1.954,1.267和2.146;均P＞0.05).结论OSAS患者存在明显的性功能障碍,但其发生可能与血清性激素水平无关.     

男性肝硬化患者血清性激素水平变化的病例对照研究

目的 探讨男性肝硬化患者性激素水平变化及其临床意义。方法 采用发光免疫检测技术，检测男性肝硬化患者血清中睾酮（T）、促卵泡成熟激素（FSH）、黄体生成激素（LH）、雌二醇（E2）、泌乳素（PRL）等性激素水平，并与健康男性进行比较。结果 肝硬化患者睾酮（T）、雌二醇（E2）水平下降，与正常对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；泌乳素（PRL）水平升高，与正常对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；而促卵泡成熟激素（FSH）、黄体生成激素（LH）与正常对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 肝硬化患者性激素变化与肝功能损害有关，肝功能受损可能是导致性激素异常的重要原因。     

绝经后认知功能障碍与血浆性激素水平的关系

目的:探讨绝经后早期认知功能和血浆雌素水平变化的关系.方法:用1∶1病例配对对所有病例进行一般情况、病史、神经病学、神经影像学及血脂检查,血浆性激素水平测定采用放免法.结果:与对照组比较,认知功能障碍组血浆雌二醇、孕酮水平较低,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:绝经雌激素和孕酮水平降低,可能是绝经早期认知功能障碍的危险因素之一.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者泌乳素水平与性激素和糖脂代谢的相关性

目的:探讨多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS)患者血清泌乳素水平与性激素和糖脂代谢的相关性。方法:选择2015年1月至2018年11月于黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院妇科门诊确诊为PCOS的女性657例(PCOS组),另随机选取同期在本院体检的60例非PCOS健康女性作为对照。测定PCOS患者人体量学指标、性激素指标、糖代谢指标以及脂代谢指标;根据泌乳素水平由低到高,将其分为4个亚组,Q1～Q4,通过非参数检验对4组上述指标进行分析比较。PCOS组和对照组行口服糖耐量试验(OGTT)和胰岛素释放试验(IRT),分析PCOS组与对照组以及不同泌乳素水平PCOS患者的糖代谢水平;运用多元线性回归模型分析患者PCOS病情与泌乳素水平的相关性。结果:4个亚组间年龄、腰臀比、雌二醇、睾酮、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)、三酰甘油水平及HOMA-β差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中Q4组年龄、腰臀比、雌二醇水平、HOMA-β显著低于Q1组(P<0.05),三酰甘油水平显著低于Q1及Q2组(P<0.05),睾酮显著低于其他三组(P&l...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.