克山病心肌胶质重构的形态学研究

本文以本室克山病尸检材料为基础，应用苦味酸－天狼星红染色和偏振光显微镜观察技术，结合图像分析仪测定，系统地研究了克山病心肌胶原的变化。结果显示，在新鲜瘢痕灶内，Ⅲ型胶原比例增加，陈旧性瘢痕灶内Ⅲ型胶原比例减少，Ｉ型胶原比例增加。在心肌非病变区域胶原含量明显高于对照组，出现间质纤维化。肌外膜及血管周围的胶原含量明显高于对照组。这些结果表明，在克山病心肌细胞变性坏死的同时伴随着胶原代谢的紊乱，使心肌间     

克山病心肌胶原重构的形态学研究

本文以本室克山病尸检材料为基础,应用苦味酸—天狼星红染色和偏振光显微镜观察技术,结合图像分析仪测定,系统地研究了克山病心肌胶原的变化。结果显示,在新鲜瘢痕灶内,Ⅲ型胶原比例增加,陈旧性瘢痕灶内Ⅲ型胶原比例减少,I型胶原比例增加。在心肌非病变区域胶原含量明显高于对照组,出现间质纤维化。肌外膜及血管周围的胶原含量明显高于对照组。这些结果表明,在克山病心肌细胞变性坏死的同时伴随着胶原代谢的紊乱,使心肌间质胶原发生重构,其结果出现心肌肥厚,舒张期心肌硬度增加,心肌顺应性下降,收缩力减弱,以至出现心力衰竭。     

心肌肥大的形态学诊断

近年来,对心肌肥大的形态学诊断有了新进展。本文复习心肌活检、超声心动图、心血管造影和心电图的形态诊断资料,以提高对心肌肥大的诊断水平。一、心肌肥大的活组织检查 Schaper对主动脉瓣缺损的左室肥厚进行活检,发现轻度肥大的心肌细胞除了肌节排列不规则和线粒体异常外,其它结构正常。重度肥大的左心室肌的重量增加三倍,线粒体和肌原纤维增加二倍,细胞浆增加五倍,非肌细胞与肌细胞的比例为1:4(正常为1:9)。     

克山病的心肌损伤与细胞凋亡

为探讨克山病的心肌损伤与细胞凋亡的关系，采用Ｏｎｃｏｒ公司的细胞凋亡原位检测试剂盒（ＴＵＮＥＬ）对３０例克山病尸检心肌组织进行了检测，其中急型、亚急型、慢型克山病心肌组织各１０例，以因交通事故死亡的５例正常人尸检心肌组织作为对照，结果显示，急型、亚急型、慢型克山病心肌组织中凋亡细胞阳性检出率分别为２／１０、８／１０与７／１０。５例正常心肌组织中，未检出凋亡细胞，以上结果提示：在克山病的发生发展中有凋亡机制参与。     

克山病病区与非病区胎儿心肌组织形态观察

据报导部分死于克山病的孕妇,胎儿心肌有不同程度的坏死和瘢痕形成。为了从多方面研究克山病的病因,尤其是胎儿心肌是否受到克山病致病因子的影响,我们在克山病多发病年对山东邹城市克山病重病区和非病区引产胎儿心脏进行了组织学检查,结果报告于下。一、材料和方法:病区胎心50例,由重病乡张庄、城前和田黄提供。非病区胎心34例,由城关、香城、落     

克山病病区50例家鼠心肌免疫酶标的观察

1987年6月,我们用50例病区鼠,20例非病区鼠做了光镜病理形态学及IgG免疫酶标的观察。实验组:HE染色发现50例家鼠心肌不同程度地间质水肿、单核细胞、淋巴细胞浸润、颗粒样变性,其中9例伴有小灶性的凝固性坏死和肌溶解及片状瘢痕灶。冰冻切片免疫酶染色标本50例中的12例发现有酶颗粒,呈棕褐色,颗粒大小不一致,均存在于心肌细胞的胞浆内,在12例IgG阳性标本中,9例是在石蜡切片HE染色标本中所见的肌溶解和瘢痕形成,其余3例在HE切片中只表现各种变性、水肿及细胞浸润。对照组:HE切片中仅3例见颗粒样变性,IgG切片中仅见1例阳性,其余都正常。通过克山病区50例家鼠心肌免疫酶标的观察,发现有24％的标本存在IgG沉积,证明了病区家鼠心肌与病人心肌存在同样的IgG沉积及同样的心肌病理性改变。这一现象说明人与家鼠在同一地区条件下不同程度地都受到某些因素损害,以致产生同一结果。许多调查表明,克山病区常伴有动物缺硒病,此外,用克山病区粮喂养的动物其心肌坏死的检出率较非病区明显增加。实验表明病区鼠心肌损害和IgG沉积明显高于对照组,这与病区病人心肌损害及病人心肌IgG沉积是一致的,因此,我们认为心肌损伤与病区硒、粮、水因素有密切关系。心肌损伤后,导致继发性免疫病理过程产生。     

心肌宁冲剂对调整克山病免疫功能的初步观察

在对克山病进行免疫学研究中,发现克山病人存在着免疫功能紊乱,主要表现是细胞免疫功能低下,而体液免疫功能正常。对此笔者试用具有调节和增强免疫功能的中药制成“心肌宁”冲剂进行克山病的治疗观察。     

克山病心肌坏死类型及其相互关系的研究

心肌坏死是克山病的特征性病变,研究心肌坏死的形态特点对阐明克山病心肌病变的发生、发展,探讨病因具有重要意义。本文通过对甘肃省30例克山病心脏切片重新进行系统观察,进一步明确了克山病心肌各型坏死的形态特点及相互关系。并从反映坏死的角度,对克山病心脏进行了新的分类,以便探讨两型坏死出现的规律。     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

目的 观察亚急型克山病心肌超微结构立体学病理改变及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性变化.方法 收集亚急型克山病和非心肌病(对照)组病例心肌标本,进行心肌超微结构观察;按点计数方式测量心肌线粒体体积(Vmatr)密度、嵴膜密度、体积密度;利用模型排水法测量Vmatr;用铁-铜法显示线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性.结果 亚急型克山病组心肌线粒体容积(Vmito)与细胞容积(Vcell)比值[(47.79±6.20)%]、线粒体面积(Smito)与肌浆面积(Splas)比值[(55.06±6.50)%]、Smito与肌原纤维面积(Smf)比值[(1.43±0.41)%]、线粒体切面面积(Sm)[(0.78±0.15)μm2]、线粒体嵴膜破坏消失区面积(Smcl)与基质面积(Smatr)、Vmatr比值[(67.14±13.96)%、(44.62±13.44)%],均明显大于对照组[(33.20±7.62)%、(38.07±9.43)%、(0.71±0.33)%、(0.44±0.07)μm2、(14.11±12.51)%、(9.34±11.28)%;t值分别为3.75、7.93、6.61、36.40、52.65、37.51,P均<0.05].亚急型克山病组心肌肌原纤维容积(Vmf)与Vcell比值[(34.52±5.12)%]、线粒体嵴膜面积(Sme)与Smatr比值[(32.43±14.42)%]明显小于对照组[(48.51±4.30)%、(86.04±12.37)%;t值分别为9.85、53.46,P均<0.05].亚急型克山病组线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性多呈阴性反应.结论 亚急型克山病心肌出现Smito和Vmito增大、线粒体嵴膜破坏等为主的超微结构立体学改变及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性减弱或丧失.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.     

克山病心肌超微结构立体学分析及线粒体琥珀酸脱氢酶活性观察

Objective To perform a spatial analysis of myocardium uhrastructure and the activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase in sub-acute Keshan disease. Methods Myocardium samples were collected from the cases with sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis(control), and their ultrastructure was observed under electron microscope. The density of mitochondrion volume and cristal membrane and its volume were measured by a point-counting method, while mitochondrion volume was estimated by water displacement method, succinate dehydrogenase activity of mitochondrion by iron-copper method in sub-acute Keshan disease and non-myocarditis cases. Results The volume ratio of mitochondrion to the cell on myoeardium [(47.79±6.20)%], the area ratio of mitochondrion to sarcoplasm [(55.06±6.50) %], mitochondrion to myofibrils [(1.43±0,41)%], mitochondrion section area[(0.78±0.15)μm2], and ratio of the lesion of cristal membrane area to the matrix area and mitochondrion volume[(67.14±13.96)%, (44.62±13.44)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group were obviously higher than those in control [(33.20±7.62)%, (38.07±9.43)%, (0.71±0.33)%, (0.44±0.07)μm2, (14.11± 12.51)%, (9.34±11.28)%; t = 3.75,7.93,6.61,36.40,52.65,37.51, all P < 0.05]. The volume ratio of myofibrils to cell[(34.52±5.12)%]and the area ratio of cristae mitochondria to matrix[(32.43±14.42)%]in sub-acute Keshan disease group was obviously less than those in control [(48.51±4.30)%, (86.04±12.37)%; t = 9.85, 53.46, both P < 0.05)]. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was negative in sub-acute Keshan disease group. Conclusions Myocardium ultrastructure changes in sub-acute Keshan disease including the increase of volume and areas of mitochondria and the damage of the cristal membrane in mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase activity is decreased or even disappeared.