肝脏血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的影像表现与病理基础

肝脏血管平滑肌脂肪瘤 (Ｈｅｐａｔｉｃａｎｇｉｏｍｙｏｌｉｐｏｍａ ,ＨＡＭＬ)是肝脏少见的良性间质肿瘤 ,由不同比例的血管、平滑肌和脂肪构成 ,部分ＨＡＭＬ尚可见髓外造血细胞。Ｉｓｈａｋ[1 ] 于 1976年首次报道该疾病以来 ,讫今英语文献共报道 10 0多例[2 ] ,中文文献15例[3～ 4] ,其中大多数为个案和病理报道。 1983年Ｋａｗａｒａｄａ首次用ＣＴ术前确诊ＨＡＭＬ以来 ,近年有一些关于综合利用ＵＳ、ＣＴ和ＭＲＩ对ＨＡＭＬ术前确诊的报道。本文对ＨＡＭＬ的影像表现与病理基础做一综述 ,目的在于提高对ＨＡＭＬ的认识。1　临床表…     

三角籽骨综合征的发生机制与影像学评价

三角籽骨综合征（Os trigonumsyndrome）是后踝关节慢性反复疼痛常见的病因之一,本病在1804年首次报道,认为是附属于距骨的副骨[1]。1822年Shepard等[2]认为三角籽骨是距骨后外结节骨折的结果,而Turner则认为是二次化骨中心,Gor-gan等[3]经标本病理证实符合二次化骨中心,源于距骨,由软骨桥相联接。     

血管中心性胶质瘤的临床、病理和影像学表现

血管中心性胶质瘤(angiocentric glioma,AG)2005年由Wang等[1]首次报道.2007年WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类正式纳入[2].2016年WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类将其与星形母细胞瘤、第三脑室脊索瘤样胶质瘤归类为其他来源胶质瘤,WHOⅠ级[3].AG是一种罕见的良性肿瘤,生长缓慢.然而少数文献...     

Clusterin结构特点及其与肿瘤发生、发展的关系

Clusterin（CLU）是一种硫化异二聚体糖蛋白,由Blaschuk等^[1]于1983年首次从山羊睾丸网液（ram fete testis fluid）中分离出来,因其可介导支持细胞聚集故名。后来,人们发现CLU在哺乳动物体内普遍存在,几乎所有的组织和体液中均有CLU表达^[2],在睾丸、附睾、肝、肾等脏器表达水平较高。CLU蛋白在进化中高度保守,在氨基酸水平上不同哺乳动物间具有70％-80％的同源性。     

主动脉内球囊反搏术的应用及护理

主动脉内球囊反搏术（intro-aortic balloon pumping，IABP）是目前心脏血管疾病，临床应用比较广泛而有效的机械辅助循环方法之一。1958年，Harken^[1]首次提出主动脉内球囊反搏的概念，1962年，Mouloupulos^[2]报道用于心肌梗死的治疗，1967年，Kantrowitz^[3]首先用于心源性休克的治疗并获得成功。     

睾丸血管球瘤一例

血管球瘤是起源于血管球的良性软组织肿瘤 ,主要发生于指 (趾 )甲下区[1] ,发生于睾丸的血管球瘤非常罕见 ,仅Ｇａｒｇ等[2 ] 于 1997年报道 1例 ,笔者尚未见ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ诊断此病的报道。笔者最近遇到 1例影像资料完整并经手术病理证实的睾丸血管球瘤 ,现报道如下。患者　男 ,5 5岁 ,17年前无意中发现右侧睾丸内“花生米”大小肿块 ,触痛 ,未经治疗。 2个月来肿块增大、触痛明显就诊。体检 :右侧睾丸内可触及一约1 5ｃｍ× 1 0ｃｍ大小肿块 ,质硬 ,触痛明显。实验室检查无异常。超声检查 :右侧睾丸实质内可探及一边界不清、大小约 1 5ｃｍ…     

眼眶孤立性纤维性肿瘤的病理、临床及影像学表现

孤立性纤维性肿瘤(solitary fibrous tumor,SFT)是一种罕见的梭形细胞肿瘤,最常发生于胸膜的浆膜面,也有报道发生于胸膜以外的各个部位,包括肺、纵隔、心包、腹膜、上呼吸道、甲状腺、肝脏、软组织[1]、鼻咽,鼻旁窦、腮腺、脑膜[2]。近年来发生于眼眶的SFT屡有报道,1994年Dorfman等[3]和W estra等[4]分别首次报道了发生于眼眶的SFT。发生于眼眶的SFT少见,笔者检索1994—2005年国外文献,仅有66例眼眶SFT(其中包括7例发生于泪器的SFT,泪囊4例和泪腺3例)曾被报道。现就眼眶SFT的临床特点、影像学表现、组织病理学和免疫组织化学的有…     

双侧睾丸精原细胞瘤1例

睾丸肿瘤多发生于单侧,双侧同时存在的原发性肿瘤甚为罕见。自Livingstone氏1805年首先报道1例后,文献上即有零星报道,到1954年仅23例。我国自马永江1954年首次报道1例双侧睾丸同时存在的恶性肿瘤后,据统计经病理证实的共15例,其中两侧同时存在的共6例(含本文1例)。 熊某,男性,41岁,日本籍。双侧睾丸逐渐肿大3个月余,无痛、无畏寒发热。经其他医院诊断为睾     

基底细胞痣综合征一例

基底细胞痣综合征又称为Gorlin综合征、格-果二氏综合征、基底细胞癌综合征或痣样基底细胞癌综合征.此综合征是由Jarish和White等[1,2]在1894年首次描述,在1960年由Gorlin和Goltz等[3]报道了1例病例,其特征为颌骨多发性牙源性角化囊肿、颈面部多发基底细胞癌、分叉肋等组织和骨骼的异常.本文通过对1例基底细胞痣综合征的回顾性分析,旨在提高对其在X线平片及CT影像上的认识.     

睾丸退行性病变的发病机制及其治疗靶标

目前,男性性功能障碍的发病率正逐年增高,其由多种因素引起,如肥胖、糖尿病、心血管病等[1]。其中,睾丸退行性病变是男性性功能障碍的重要因素之一。流行病学资料显示,男性在40岁以后,每年血清中的睾酮水平会下降1%~2%,到近70岁时仅为峰值的20%[2]。睾丸退行性病变的作用机制有睾丸内氧化应激、炎性反应、睾丸内皮素-1及内质网应激等,而围绕上述机制为治疗靶标的相关研究也     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.