Non—trans—scleral Suture Fixation of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses in the Absence of Posterior Capsular Support

Purpose: To develop a new technique for fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) in the absence of posterior capsule support.Materials and Methods: We performed non-trans-scleral fixation of intraocular lenses on 24 cases (24 eyes) without posterior capsule support. Two scleral flaps with limbal incisions and two peripheral iridectomies were made at 1 o' clock and 7 o' clock positions respectively. A suture-leading needle was used to lead the prolene suture from the limbal incision and iridectomy on one side through the iridectomy and limbal incision on the other side. Intraocular lens (IOL) was then fixed in the ciliary sulcus. Results: After a mean follow-up of 6. 6 months (range from 3 to 14 months), corrected visual acuity of 16 cases (16 eyes,66. 7% ) got 0.5 or better. Postoperative complications included discoria (4 eyes) , surface membrane formation ( 1 eye ), choroidal detachment (1 eye) and tilt of IOL (1 eyes),but all were not severe. Conclusion: In some situations such as low int     

Sulcus Transscleral Intraocular Lens Suture Fixation through Small Scleral Tunnel Incision

Purpose:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture fixation with small incision through scleral tunnel in eyes the with posterior capsule defect or insufficient zonula support. Methods:Thirty nine eyes with severe posterior capsule defect and zonula damages caused by small-incision cataract surgery,and those with capsule absence or intraocular lens dislocation were selected in this investigation from February 2007 to December 2009.Sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture combined with puncture needle-guided external approach and."one- or two-point fixation" method in the small sclera tunnel incision were employed. Results:The mean follow-up was 12.1 months (range from 3 to 28 months). Six eyes were complicated by some eye diseases postoperatively.The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 or better in other 34 eyes.(87.17%).All eyes with secondary IOL fixation presented equal or better naked visual acuity than best-corrected visual acuity best-corrected preoperatively.No intraoperative and postoperative complications such as hemorrhage, retinal detachment, intraocular lens tilt and decentration occurred. Conclusion:Sulcus transscleral intraocular lens suture fixation via small sclera tunnel incision was easy to operate and master,required less operative time,and made primary intraocular lens fixation more effective in eyes with posterior capsule defect or insufficient zonula support in small sclera tunnel incision surgery.In addition,the technique was safe and effcacious for secondary intraocular lens fixation.     

Scleral fixation of hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses using a suture burial technique

The procedure involved an ab-externo scleral fixation technique using a double-armed 10-0 polypropylene suture with straight needles that require no scleral flaps. The IOLs are sutured to the sclera, the free suture ends are tied to the suture loops, and they are buried together under the sclera. Forty eyes of 37 patients were included. Postoperative complications are IOL capture in five eyes (12.5%), a significant IOL tilt in one eye (2.5%), recurrent UGH (uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema) syndrome in two eyes (5%), glaucoma in three eyes (7.5%), suture exposure in two eyes (5%) and IOL drop due to haptic breakage in one eye (2.5%). The technique can be effectively used for the refixation of dislocated hydrophobic acrylic IOLs by temporary haptic externalization through a corneal incision and for the treatment of aphakia with or without penetrating keratoplasty. Surgeons should be aware of the possibility of UGH syndrome due to IOL capture, especially in young eyes.     

前部玻璃体切除联合巩膜缝线固定后房型折叠式人工晶状体的临床观察

目的评价无后囊无晶状体眼行前部玻璃体切除联合巩膜缝线固定后房型折叠式人工晶状体的临床疗效。方法选用AMOZ900折叠人工晶状体,对无后囊或后囊破损严重不足以支撑人工晶状体者36例（36眼）行前部玻璃体切除联合人工晶状体缝线固定术,观察其术中、术后并发症及术后视力、角膜曲率、眼压的情况。结果术中无明显并发症,术后眼压升高2眼,玻璃体少量积血1眼,黄斑水肿2眼,无其他严重并发症。术后第1天的裸眼视力0．3以上者占41．67％,术后1周、1个月、3个月裸眼视力0．3以上者分为47．22％,80．56％和86．11％。结论前部玻璃体切除联合巩膜缝线固定后房型折叠式人工晶状体植入术是治疗无后囊支撑眼的较好选择。     

Suture fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens in anticoagulated patients

PURPOSE: To describe a technique of suture fixating posterior chamber silicone intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) to the iris through a limbal incision and to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing intraocular hemorrhages. SETTING: Price Vision Group, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study comprised 7 eyes (5 patients) that had suture fixation of a silicone PC IOL from a limbal approach to the midperipheral iris using 9-0 polypropylene (Prolene(R)) suture. All patients were taking warfarin sodium (Coumadin(R)) preoperatively and postoperatively. At each follow-up examination, visual acuity and intraocular pressure were measured, the stability of the PC IOL was assessed, and the anterior chamber and posterior segment were evaluated for blood. RESULTS: There was no incidence of intraocular hemorrhage during surgery in any eye. In 6 eyes, there was no blood in the anterior chamber or posterior segment at any postoperative examination. A nonlayering hyphema that resolved within 1 week without sequelae was noted in 1 patient 6 weeks postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 10.7 months (range 6 to 25 months). CONCLUSION: Suture fixating a PC IOL to the iris through a limbal approach was an effective means of placing an IOL in anticoagulated patients without capsule support.     

无巩膜瓣后房型人工晶状体缝线固定术的临床观察

目的评价无巩膜瓣后房型人工晶状体(IOL)双襻固定术的技巧及效果。方法对20例(20眼)因各种原因致晶状体后囊膜破裂较大或囊膜完全缺损而不能行囊袋内或前囊膜睫状沟IOL植入患者,用无巩膜瓣的"W"形巩膜层间缝合技术固定双襻后房型IOL,术后随访3～18个月,观察临床效果及术中、术后并发症。结果术后视力≥0.5者8眼(40%),0.3～0.5者8眼(40%),0.15～0.3者4眼(20%);术中、术后并发症:玻璃体出血1例,低眼压2例,IOL偏移2例。结论无巩膜瓣的"W"形巩膜层间缝合技术固定双襻后房型IOL操作简单,术中、术后并发症少,值得临床推广。     

Scleral fixation of dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses: Temporary haptic externalization through a clear corneal incision

PURPOSE: To report the results of managing dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) by externalizing the haptics through a clear corneal incision. SETTING: The Retina Center at Pali Momi, Aiea, Hawaii, USA. METHODS: This retrospective consecutive series comprised cases in which a dislocated PC IOL was managed with pars plana vitrectomy. With this method, the dislocated PC IOL is retrieved and stabilized in the anterior chamber. The haptic is externalized through a clear corneal incision for suture knot placement and then reinserted. A scleral fixation suture is placed 1.25 mm posterior to the limbus under a scleral flap. RESULTS: The study included 14 eyes of 14 patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months (median 15.4 months). There were 2 subluxated PC IOLs, 11 posteriorly dislocated PC IOLs, and 1 in-the-bag IOL dislocation. Postoperative vision and/or visual symptoms were stable or improved in 86% of eyes. Two eyes had worse vision caused by conditions not related to surgery including chronic cystoid macular edema from latanoprost use and optic atrophy. All IOLs were well fixated and stable, although 1 eye with asymmetric haptics had a slightly tilted IOL. CONCLUSIONS: Dislocated PC IOL management by externalizing the haptic through a clear corneal incision stabilized the IOL in the anterior chamber, minimized intraocular operative manipulations, and allowed easier placement of the opposite haptic over residual capsule, if available. Stable fixation was achieved without dislocation or IOL-related complications recurring.     

Ab externo scleral suture loop fixation for posterior chamber intraocular lens decentration: clinical results

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an ab externo suture retrieval and scleral fixation technique in the treatment of subluxated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs). SETTING: Academic tertiary care centers. METHODS: Surgical databases from 2 surgeons were reviewed for consecutive cases from March 2000 to April 2004 in which the ab externo scleral suture fixation technique was used and a minimum follow-up of 3 months was completed. Patient charts were reviewed for 15 eyes that had decentered in-the-bag PC IOLs, 12 eyes with subluxated sulcus or bag-sulcus positioned PC IOLs, and 3 eyes with PC IOLs dislocated into the vitreous. RESULTS: The mean time from cataract extraction to PC IOL stabilization was 3.4 years (range 2 days to 10.9 years). Surgical repositioning was successfully performed in all patients. After a mean follow-up of 14.7 months, the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 20/140 to 20/40 (P = .0001). All patients had stable or improved BCVA. All patients with a successfully completed procedure achieved an adequately centered PC IOL postoperatively. One patient (3.3%) developed a significant intraoperative vitreous hemorrhage requiring the procedure to be aborted, but reoperation 3 months later was successful. Postoperative complications included persistent elevated intraocular pressure in 2 eyes (6.7%) and chronic cystoid macular edema in 1 eye (3.3%) that resolved with medication. CONCLUSION: The ab externo suture loop retrieval and scleral fixation technique was effective in repositioning decentered, subluxated, or dislocated PC IOLs with excellent visual outcomes.     

无巩膜瓣锯齿状缝线技术固定人工晶状体脱位

目的：探讨无巩膜瓣无线结的巩膜层间锯齿状缝线技术（ZST）固定脱位人工晶状体（IOL）的临床疗 效。方法：回顾性病例研究。选择2011 年6 月至2016年12 月在台州市眼科医院收治的采用无巩膜瓣 无线结的巩膜层间ZST重新复位固定的IOL脱位者21例（21眼），其中不全脱位者15眼，全脱位者6眼。 术后2周、1个月、3个月及6个月定期随访。之后每12个月随访1次，共4～8次。观察分析患者术后 的IOL位置和稳定性、术后视力、眼压及并发症情况。结果：术后所有术眼IOL位置良好，无偏位或 IOL瞳孔夹持者，视力均较术前明显改善，眼压正常。随访期间，所有术眼IOL均在位居中，无偏位 和倾斜现象；未见IOL巩膜ZST固定处聚丙烯线头侵蚀暴露，无聚丙烯线滑脱及局部结膜充血或眼 内感染者；视力稳定良好，无高眼压或继发青光眼者。结论：无巩膜瓣无线结的巩膜层间ZST固定 脱位IOL效果良好，术后IOL固定牢固，无线结侵蚀暴露及眼内感染风险。     

巩膜隧道切口在缝线人工晶状体植入术中的应用

目的探讨在缝线式人工晶状体植入术中采用巩膜隧道切口替代巩膜瓣以减少手术并发症和简化手术步骤的有效性和安全性。方法自2002年4月～2004年4月对42例42眼患者施行以巩膜隧道切口替代巩膜瓣的缝线式人工晶状体植入术。结果38例患者术后视力较术前提高；3例患者视力与术前相同，1例患者视网膜脱离复发(为玻璃体切割术后者)，其视力较术前下降；2例患者术中前房少量出血，未作特殊处理自行停止；1例患者术后人工晶状体轻微向下偏位，但仍位于瞳孔区，不影响视力；1例患者术后出现黄斑囊样水肿。无线结外露及脉络膜下出血等并发症发生。结论以巩膜隧道切口替代巩膜瓣进行缝线式人工晶状体植入术可简化手术步骤，减少手术并发症。     

Four-point fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses in children with unilateral aphakia

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of 4-point scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) in children. SETTING: Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 20 aphakic eyes of 20 children. Preoperative investigations proved the absence of adequate posterior capsule support. All patients had ab externo 4-point scleral fixation of a PC IOL. All preoperative and postoperative data were studied and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean preoperative age was 7.7 years (range 4 to 11 years). The mean follow-up was 19.35 months (range 13 to 30 months). The preoperative findings included a best corrected visual acuity of 6/18 or better in 8 eyes (40%), corneal scarring in 18 eyes, sector iridectomy in 7 eyes, and after-cataract in 4 eyes. The intraoperative complications included vitreous hemorrhage in 2 eyes and slippage of 1 suture in 1 eye. Postoperative complications included mild anterior uveitis in 12 eyes and severe fibrinoid reaction in the anterior chamber in 8 eyes. There were no cases of suture exposure, IOL malpositioning, or infection. Twelve patients (60%) had a visual acuity of 6/18 or better. The cause of the poor visual outcome in many patients was preexisting amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that 4-point scleral fixation is an option to correct aphakia in children. However, long-term follow-up is important to assess the procedure's safety.     

玻璃体切除联合后房人工晶状体缝线固定术治疗晶状体脱位

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合后房型人工晶状体缝线固定术治疗晶状体脱位的临床效果。方法各种原因所致的晶状体脱位30例（全脱位11眼,不全脱位22眼,共33眼）,进行玻璃体切除及晶状体切除或晶状体摘出。其中7眼采用三通道睫状体平坦部入口,26眼采用角膜缘入口。30例（33眼）均同时行Ⅰ期睫状沟缝线固定后房人工晶状体植入术。术后随访时间2~24个月,平均9个月,观察术后视力及并发症等。结果术后视力提高31眼,视力不变2眼,术后均未发现严重并发症。结论玻璃体切除联合后房型人工晶状体缝线固定术是治疗晶状体脱位最为安全和有效的治疗方法。熟练的手术技巧和术中稳定的眼内压是手术成功的保证。     

无玻璃体眼经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定术

目的 探讨玻璃体切割术后无玻璃体眼经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定手术方法并评价其疗效。方法 对8例(8眼)玻璃体切割术后无玻璃体眼行经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定术(PC-IOL)。术后随访3～56个月。结果 术后裸眼视力均较术前提高，术后最佳矫正视力均达到或接近术前最佳矫正视力，其中≥0．5者1眼，≥1．O者3眼。术中低眼压2眼、眼球塌陷1眼，术后前房积血3眼，玻璃体积血3眼，人工晶状体脱位1眼，一过性高眼压3眼，黄斑囊样水肿3眼，视网膜脱离1眼。结论 经巩膜睫状沟PC-IOL固定术是无玻璃体并伴有眼前段结构紊乱眼恢复视力的补救手术。术中注意稳定眼压，可减少或避免术中、术后并发症。     

Suture fixation technique for posterior chamber intraocular lenses

We describe a modified method for scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs). A double-armed, 10-0 polypropylene (Prolene) suture on a curved long needle is passed through a groove in the sclera and retrieved within the barrel of a bent 25-gauge needle through the opposite groove. Double transscleral passages enable 4-point fixation and provide better stability and centration. Knots are buried completely in the scleral groove. In a series of 10 cases, the IOLs were well centered, no sutures protruded from the scleral groove, and the vision in all eyes improved. In 1 case, a ciliary hemorrhage occurred during insertion of the 25-gauge needle, but the bleeding stopped after ocular pressure reform. This technique is easy to perform, improves centration and stability of the IOL, and avoids suture exposure.     

Tram-Track Suture Technique for Pupillary Capture of a Scleral Fixated Intraocular Lens

PurposeTo report a new technique using tram-track suture for pupillary capture of a scleral fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) to reposition the tilted IOL.MethodsIn this prospective interventional case series, we describe a tram-track suture for pupillary capture of a scleral fixated PC-IOL. A long straight needle with double-armed 10-0 polypropylene is passed behind the iris and just above the optic portion (tilted forward) of the IOL. The other straight needle with double-armed 10-0 polypropylene is passed just below the optic portion (tilted backward) of the IOL. After the IOL is repositioned properly, the polypropylene sutures are gently pulled and tied.ResultsFour eyes of 4 patients underwent tram-track suture for pupillary capture of a scleral fixated PC-IOL. No intra- or postoperative complications were noted, and no pupillary captures were detected during the follow-up period.ConclusionsThe tram-track suture technique provides good centration and stability of a PC-IOL. This technique is an easy and effective way to reposition pupillary capture of an IOL. Further, it is also minimally invasive as it maintains a closed system.     

玻璃体切割联合折叠式人工晶状体缝襻术治疗外伤性晶状体后脱位

目的 探讨玻璃体切割联合小切口折叠式人工晶状体缝襻固定术治疗外伤性晶状体后脱位的有效性及安全性.方法 对9例(9只眼)外伤性晶状体后脱位行玻璃体切割和晶状体切割或晶状体超声粉碎取出术,同时行Ⅰ期小切口折叠式人工晶状体缝襻固定术,其中2例联合小梁切除与丝裂霉素应用.术后随访3～42月(平均12个月).结果 9例均顺利完成手术,术中无一例发生视网膜损伤,随访期间眼压均正常、无视网膜脱离等严重并发症.随访结束时裸眼视力0.2～0.4者5只眼;0.5者3只眼;1.0者1只眼;矫正视力均达到或接近术前最佳矫正视力.结论 玻璃体切割联合Ⅰ期小切口折叠式人工晶状体缝襻固定术是治疗外伤性晶状体后脱位安全有效的较为理想的方法.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method to utilize vitrectomy combined with transscleral suture fixation of posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens (10L) through small incision for treating the traumatic lens dislocation in vitreous cavity.Methods Vitrectomy and lensectomy or phacofragmentation combined with transscleral suture fixation of foldable IOL through small incision for treating the traumatic lens dislocation in vitreous cavity was performed on 9 eyes, among which filtering operation and mitomycin C were performed on 2 eyes.The patients were followed for 3～42 months (mean 12 months).Results The operation was successfully completed in all eyes.No eye's retina was injured during operation.All eyes' IOP was normal during follow-up.There were no serious complications occurred such as retinal detachment.When the follow-up was finished, the postoperative naked visual acuity of 5 eyes was 0.2-0.4, 3 eyes were 0.5, and 1 eye was 1.0.Postoperative corrected visual acuity of all eyes achieved to or obtained close to the preoperative best corrected visual acuity.Conclusions Vitrectomy combined with transscleral suture fixation of posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens (IOL) through small incision is a safe and effective method to treat the traumatic lens dislocation in vitreous cavity.     

小切口经虹膜缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗无晶状体眼

目的评价小切口经虹膜缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗无晶状体眼的临床效果。方法对17例(17眼)因无晶状体眼而行折叠式后房型人工晶状体经虹膜缝线固定术的患者进行回顾性分析。手术方法为经3.0mm透明角膜切口,植入三片式折叠后房型人工晶状体,采用Siepser术式缝合虹膜的方法将人工晶状体的双襻以10-0聚丙烯缝线分别缝合固定于中周部虹膜。记录患者术前与术后裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力、眼压、术前及术后角膜内皮细胞计数、人工晶状体位置(偏心度、倾斜度、稳定性),及术中与术后并发症等情况,随访3～18个月。结果所有病例均顺利经虹膜缝线固定人工晶状体。术后1个月裸眼远视力均等于或高于术前最佳矫正远视力。术后1个月眼压均在正常范围内。术后人工晶状体位置3例(17.6%)偏心,无人工晶状体倾斜病例。术中前房出血2例,均为少量,于术后1周内吸收;角膜轻度水肿4例,均在术后1周内透明。术后4例瞳孔近圆形,未见脉络膜脱离及玻璃体积血等并发症发生。结论折叠式后房型人工晶状体经虹膜缝线固定术治疗无晶状体眼操作便捷,手术切口小,术中及术后并发症少,但远期效果有待进一步观察。     

晶状体玻璃体切割术后透明角膜切口的二期人工晶状体植入术

目的 探讨晶状体玻璃体切割术后经颞侧透明角膜隧道切口的二期折叠式人工晶状体植入术的手术方法和疗效.方法 通过颞侧透明角膜隧道切口对晶状体玻璃体切割术后6～12个月的29例（29眼）二期植入折叠式人工晶状体,用聚丙烯缝线将人工晶状体襻固定于睫状沟中.术后随访6～18个月,观察术后视力、人工晶状体位置及术中术后并发症.结果 术后3个月裸眼视力＞0.5者16眼,0.3～0.5者12眼,0.2～0.3者1眼.术后视力与术前最佳校正视力相比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.手术并发症主要为眼内出血（1眼）、人工晶状体倾斜（2眼）.结论 经颞侧透明角膜隧道切口及睫状沟缝合固定襻的折叠式人工晶状体植入术,手术效果可靠,并发症少,是晶状体玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼屈光矫正的理想手术方式.     

25G眼内灌注折叠式人工晶状体缝襻植入术治疗玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼

目的 评价利用25G眼内灌注,下行小切口二期后房型折叠式人工晶状体缝襻固定术治疗玻璃体切割术后,无晶状体眼的效果及安全性.方法 对23例玻璃体切割术后,无品状体眼采用于角膜缘内或睫状体平坦部置25G灌注管,行小切口二期折叠式人工晶状体缝襻同定术,术后随访4～26个月(平均10个月).结果 23例均顺利完成手术,术中眼内压稳定,手术过程平稳.随访结束时裸眼视力0.1～0.4者12只眼(52.2%);0.5～0.8者10只眼(43.5%);1.0者1只眼.青光眼2例,人工晶状体偏位2例(8.7%).结论 25G眼内灌注辅助的小切口二期后房型折叠式人工晶状体缝襻固定术,是治疗玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼安全有效的方法.     

Prevention of suture knot exposure in posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation by 4-point scleral fixation technique.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The results and complications of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation by a 4-point scleral fixation technique are described. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty eyes of 47 patients who underwent scleral-fixated IOL implantation were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty-one (42%) eyes had a history of trauma and 29 (58%) eyes had previously undergone cataract surgery. In all cases, IOL implantation by 4-point scleral fixation was performed and the knots of fixation sutures were rotated and buried in the globe. The IOL position was adjusted by suture rotation for best centration. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 7 +/- 4 months. Four (8%) eyes had minimal corneal edema preoperatively. Cystoid macular edema was noted in 2 (6.8%) eyes in the cataract surgery group and 8 (38%) eyes in the posttraumatic group. Two (9.5%) eyes in the posttraumatic group had atrophic macular changes and 1 (4.7%) had corneal scarring, which impaired vision. No complications such as knot exposure, tilting of the IOL, decentralization, or endophthalmitis were noted postoperatively. Postoperative mean corrected visual acuity was 0.4 +/- 0.3 in the posttraumatic group and 0.4 +/- 0.2 in the cataract surgery group. CONCLUSION: The 4-point scleral fixation technique resulted in no serious postoperative complications such as suture exposure and endophthalmitis. Because the knot can be rotated and buried in the globe, knot exposure is less likely to occur. This procedure is more effective than other techniques regarding IOL centralization.