Colonic metastasis after resection of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung:A case report and literature review

Lung cancer is a common malignancy in the world;however symptomatic colonic metastasis from primary lung cancer is rare.A 64-year-old man was originally found poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of right lung and received right lower lobectomy and lymph node dissection.Three years later,the patient presented to our emergency room with the symptom of upper abdominal pain and weight loss.Abdominal palpation and computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a large mass measuring 7.6 cm×8.5 cm in the ascending colon.Colonoscopy and biopsy revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with similar morphological pattern to that of the previous lung cancer.Chemotherapy was given and the patient died 5mo later.Lung cancer metastatic to the colon confers a poor prognosis:overall survival ranged from 5 wk to 1year,with a median survival of 3 mo after the diagnosis of the colonic metastasis.     

肺鳞癌结肠黏膜转移一例报告和文献复习

肺癌患者发生结肠转移非常罕见，患者一般无典型症状，晚期可出现腹痛、消化道出血、梗阻、穿孔等症状，并发症和死亡率较高，短期预后差。本中心报道一位63岁男性患者，以"间断咳嗽和右下腹隐痛"就诊，诊断肺鳞状细胞癌并纵隔淋巴结转移和结肠寡转移，经过PD-1免疫治疗，症状改善明显，目前仍在治疗和随访中。     

Metachronous colonic metastasis from pancreatic cancer seven years post-pancreatoduodenectomy

Colonic metastasis from other organs is very rare.Here we report the case of a 62-year-old man with a history of pancreatoduodenectomy for stage IIB pancreatic head cancer performed seven years back.He presented with abdominal distension and pain.Under the preoperative diagnosis of bowel obstruction,surgical treatment was performed,and a circumferential lesion causing bowel obstruction of the ascending colon was detected.A right hemicolectomy with lymph node dissection was performed.The specimen showed a 5-cm wall thickening with a cobble-stone like appearance of the ascending colon,which morphologically appeared scirrhous.Histological examination revealed cancer nests invading from the subserosa to the muscular and submucosal layers of the colon.Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor cells demonstrated positive staining for cytokeratin 7,but negative for cytokeratin 20,which was the same as the previous pancreatic cancer specimen.These pathological and immunohistochemical features strongly supported the diagnosis of colonic metastasis from the pancreas.Thereafter,the patient received systemic chemotherapy,but unfortunately,he died 14 mo after the surgery.     

原发性肺鳞癌回盲部转移1例报道并文献复习

目的 提高对原发性肺癌消化道转移的认识。方法 报道1例原发性肺鳞癌回肓部转移的病例，并对肺癌胃肠道转移相关文献进行复习。结果56岁男性，突发右下腹疼痛伴咳嗽、咯痰，发现头顶部肿物1个月。以“急腹症”为首症就诊，手术病理证实为回盲部鳞癌、癌性穿孔，经支气管镜活检确诊为肺鳞癌,同时合并多部位转移。结论肺癌胃肠道转移较为少见...     

肺癌与甲状腺转录因子-1的研究进展

肺癌是目前全世界发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,其病死率也居于前列.因此,对肺癌的早期诊断及早期治疗对于降低肺癌患者的病死率以及改善患者生存质量至关重要.传统的肺癌诊断方法包括影像学检查以及病理学检查,现在仍然被临床所采用.但鉴于以上检查手段的敏感性、特异性、适用度等方面存在一定局限,近年来有关肺癌早期诊断、治疗及预后的分子标志物的研究愈来愈受到关注.本文就甲状腺转录因子-1的生物作用及其在肺癌诊断、治疗及预后方面的研究进展作一综述.     

Solitary pancreatic metastasis from squamous cell lung carcinoma: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUNDPancreatic metastases from squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) are unusual. These lesions are often asymptomatic and detected incidentally or during follow-up investigations, occasionally several years after removal of the primary tumor.CASE SUMMARYA 56-year-old male with SCLC developed jaundice 1 mo after the cancer diagnosis. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed a mass in the pancreatic head with distention of both intra- and extrahepatic biliary ducts. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and sphincterotomy were performed first, culminating with plastic biliary stent placement. Cytological examination of the pancreatic mass sample collected by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance revealed the presence of malignant cells compatible with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. After liver function normalized, chemotherapy was initiated with carboplatin and paclitaxel; however, 4 d later, the patient presented dysphagia. Cervico-thoraco-abdominal CT showed tracheoesophageal fistula and stent migration. After replacement with a 10 cm/10 mm uncovered metallic biliary stent and treatment of the tracheoesophageal fistula with a fully covered esophageal stent, the patient was able to start oral feeding progressively. He died 9 mo after the initial diagnosis.CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis of pancreatic metastasis from SCLC is challenging for clinicians. EUS-FNA is the primary exam for confirmatory diagnosis.     

双原发性肺癌1例报道并文献复习

目的提高对双原发性肺癌的认识。方法结合1例双原发性肺癌的临床资料和文献复习,分析该病的临床诊断、发生机制、病理特点、治疗及预后。结果纤支镜及病理检查是诊断双原发性肺癌的方法。区域性癌化是双原发性肺癌发生的病理基础。结论双原发性肺癌易漏诊,诊断和鉴别诊断对治疗及预后至关重要。     

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sublingual gland developing lung metastasis 20 years after primary treatment: A case report and literature review

Rationale:Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor that primarily occurs in the salivary glands. Distant metastases can develop despite favorable local control. Moreover, distant metastasis of ACC can occur after a long time interval without local recurrence. We report the first case of ACC of the sublingual gland that developed lung metastasis 20 years after primary treatment.Patient concerns:A 52-year-old man was referred to our department with a 1-year history of painful swelling on the right oral floor.Diagnosis:An incisional biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination revealed malignancy.Interventions:Surgical excision of the right oral floor and right supra-omohyoid neck dissection with postoperative chemoradiation therapy were performed, and ACC of the sublingual gland was diagnosed. Left pulmonary metastasis was detected 20 years after the primary treatment. Metastasectomy was performed; however, subsequently, skin and bone metastases developed.Outcomes:After receiving palliative care, the patient died of multiple organ failure.Lessons:As late distant metastasis of salivary ACC can develop, patients who undergo primary treatment need a long-term, strict follow-up plan even if locoregional control is favorable.     

Mucinous carcinoma of the thyroid: A case report and review of the literature

We report the case of a primary mucinous carcinoma of the thyroid in a man of 74 who had a 4-cm nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid, with a solido-cystic appearance on ultrasound associated with lymph node metastases. On scintigraphy, the nodule was hot and not extinctive. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy with a ipsilateral right lymph node dissection. The immunohistochemical study showed the negativity of CK 7 and CK 20 and the positivity of thyroglobulin and TTF 1. Postoperatively the rate of blood thyroglobulin 3 months after surgery had collapsed to 0.17 ng/ml. The evolution was marked by the appearance of pulmonary metastasis and the patient died 4 months after surgery. Histological study showed the presence of almas of neoplastic cells surrounded by large deposits of extracellular mucin. Primitive mucinous carcinoma of the thyroid is a rare tumor which differential diagnosis is established on the positive immunohistochemistry of thyroglobulin and TTF1 but negative for other markers.     

肺癌骨骼肌转移2例并文献复习

目的探讨肺癌骨骼肌转移的临床、影像学特点、治疗方法和预后。方法收治的2例肺癌骨骼肌转移患者及国内外相关文献进行回顾性分析。结果疼痛是骨骼肌转移最常见的症状。多数转移灶可以触及。骨骼肌转移病灶增强CT检查提示边缘强化中央密度减低的肿块影。CT或超声引导下穿刺活检有助于明确诊断。在原发肿瘤控制的情况下,单发骨骼肌转移患者接受骨骼肌手术或根治放疗生存期更长。结论肺癌骨骼肌转移预示疾病进展,如果肺原发病灶可治愈,对于骨骼肌单发转移,应积极争取外科手术治疗或根治放疗。     

Synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma and concomitant splenic abscess： A case report and review of the literature

This study aimed to describe a case in which an isolated splenic metastasis was synchronous with the colonic primary and a concomitant splenic abscess was associated. A wide review of the literature was also performed. A 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain and fever was admitted to our department. Abdominal CT revealed two low-density areas in the spleen and wall-thickening of the left colonic flexure, which was indistinguishable from the spleen parenchyma. The patient underwent emergency celiotomy, with the presumptive diagnosis of obstructing colon carcinoma of the splenic flexure, and concomitant splenic abscess. Subtotal colectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathological findings were consistent with mucinous colonic carcinoma, synchronous isolated splenic metastasis and concomitant splenic abscess. This paper is also a review of the existing literature on the association between colorectal cancer and splenic metastasis. Only 41 cases of isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma have been reported in the literature. This report is the third described case of synchronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma. Only one case with concomitant splenic abscess has been previously reported. When obstructing left-sided colorectal cancer is suspected, careful CT examination can allow early diagnosis of splenic involvement by the tumor. The literature review suggests that there might be a significant improvement in survival following splenectomy for a metachronous isolated splenic metastasis from colon carcinoma. Prognosis for synchronous splenic metastasis seems to be related to the advanced stage of the disease. Nevertheless, no definitive conclusions can be drawn because of the small number of cases.     

肺透明细胞癌1例并文献复习

目的 分析肺透明细胞癌的临床特征、影像学表现及病理诊断要点.方法 报告1例经肺活检病理确诊的肺透明细胞癌病例,并结合文献资料对该病的临床特征、影像学表现及病理诊断要点进行分析.结果 本例患者为女性,45岁,以反复咳嗽2个月为首发症状,胸部CT示两肺多发结节灶合并肺门及纵隔淋巴结肿大,胸腔镜下肺活检病理确诊为原发性肺透明细胞癌.近20年国内外文献报道肺透明细胞癌病例仅27例,其中男性18例,女性9例,平均年龄(55±11)岁.临床表现主要为咳嗽(16/27)、胸痛(12/27)、咯血(10/27).影像学表现以周围型单发结节或团块影多见(22/27),病灶直径0.5～11 cm.该病罕见,属大细胞癌的变异型;确诊多依赖开胸肺组织病理活检,免疫组织化学染色有助于鉴别.结论 肺透明细胞癌的临床表现无特异性;影像学表现以肺部单发结节或团块影多见,亦可为两肺多发和弥漫型;确诊依赖肺组织病理活检,免疫组织化学染色有助于鉴别.     

Adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa in the cervical esophagus and upper thoracic esophagus: two case reports and literature review

Primary adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) is rare and the clinicopathological characteristics are not well known. We present two cases of esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from HGM with a review of a case series. Case 1 was a 78-year-old woman who underwent a periodic medical examination without complaining of any symptoms. Preoperative evaluation suggested esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from the HGM. The patient was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection. Definitive pathological diagnosis confirmed adenocarcinoma arising from the HGM. Case 2 was a 70-year-old man who underwent a medical examination after complaining of dysphagia. Preoperative diagnosis suggested esophageal adenocarcinoma; however, its origin was unclear. The patient was treated with surgical resection. Definitive pathological diagnosis revealed adenocarcinoma arising from the HGM. In this article, the authors report the clinicopathological features of esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from HGM that were collected from a literature review and our cases.     

扁桃体鳞状细胞癌中CK7 CK19和p16的表达关系研究

目的 分析细胞角蛋白7(CK7)、细胞角蛋白19(CK19)和p16INK4a蛋白(p16)在扁桃体鳞状细胞癌(TSCC)组织及癌周隐窝上皮和表面上皮中的表达关系,探讨其在人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染相关扁桃体癌变机制中的作用.方法 选择2015-07～2018-01广西医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉头颈外科收治的17例T...     

Gastric metastasis from small cell lung cancer:A case report

Small cell lung cancer(SCLC) represents a group of highly malignant tumors that give rise to early and widespread metastases at the time of diagnosis.The preferential metastatic sites are the brain,liver,adrenal glands,bone,and bone marrow.However,metastases of the gastrointestinal system,especially the stomach,are rare; most cases of stomach metastasis are asymptomatic and,as a result,are usually only discovered at autopsy.We report a case of gastric metastasis originating from SCLC.The patient was a 66-year-old man admitted to our hospital due to abdominal pain.He underwent gastroscopy,with the pathological report of the tissue biopsy proving it to be a small cell cancer.Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD56,synaptophysin,and pan-cytokeratin.These results confirmed the diagnosis of gastric metastasis of a neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma from the lung.     

原发性肝癌胸壁皮肤转移1例报告

正肝癌常见的转移途径有血行转移、淋巴转移、种植转移和直接浸润,而以肝内血行转移最早、最为常见。肝癌细胞侵犯肝静脉后即可进入体循环,发生肝外远处转移,以肺转移发生率最高,其次为肾上腺、骨、卵巢等,皮肤转移者较为少见,仅占所有皮肤转移癌的0.2%~2.7%[1]。本文报道1例原发性肝癌胸壁皮肤转移患者。1病例资料患者男性,46岁,因"发现肝占位3月余,腹胀、乏力1个     

A case of hyperthyroidism due to functioning metastasis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Discussion and literature review

We report on a very rare case of hyperthyroidism due to multiple autonomously functioning bone metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer in a 79-year-old woman. This situation remains extremely uncommon, as shown by our review of the literature; only 47 similar cases have been published from 1946 to 2005. The pathogenic mechanism remains largely unknown in spite of several hypotheses (conjunction in volume and differentiation, auto-antibodies). Hyperthyroidism can be severe, and often T3 levels are markedly more elevated than T4 levels. Apart from hyperthyroidism caused by the hormone-production, clinical features are similar to that of usual metastatic thyroid cancer, occurring in elderly women in most cases, and of follicular type on pathology. Metastases mostly occur in bones and lungs. Treatment relies mainly on radio-iodine ((131)I), which is efficient on hormonal disorders, and prognosis appears to be correlated with the ability of the metastatic sites to concentrate radio-iodine.     

Gastric metastasis from ovarian carcinoma: A case report and literature review

An isolated parenchymal gastric metastasis from ovarian carcinoma without any other sites of recurrence is extremely rare. Only two cases have been reported, both of which were symptomatic. We herein report such a case without any symptoms. A 61-year-old woman presented with a high cancer antigen-125 level without any other clinical manifestation. A subsequent ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan revealed a submucosal mass with hypermetabolism of ¹⁸F-FDG (standardized uptake value: 5.36) in the gastric antrum. The final pathology after gastric antrectomy showed a metastatic gastric tumor from a primary ovarian carcinoma. We also performed an extensive literature review about gastric metastasis from ovarian carcinoma published until recently, and this is the first case of an isolated parenchymal gastric metastasis from ovarian carcinoma without any symptoms.