IL-22在急性胰腺炎患者血清中的表达及意义

目的探讨白介素22(Interleukin-22,IL-22)在急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis, AP)患者血清中的表达情况及其与AP严重程度的关系;为AP患者临床诊治提供新的思路。方法选取2015年12月至2018年12月安徽医科大学第一附属医院急诊外科及EICU收治的AP患者共70例,按照最新的AP诊疗指南进行分组,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)测定15例重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis, SAP)、18例中度重症急性胰腺炎(moderately severe acute pancreatitis, MSAP)及37例轻症急性胰腺炎(mild acute pancreatitis, MAP)患者及30例健康对照受试者血清IL-22的水平。结果所有AP患者血清IL-22水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);IL-22与AP病情严重程度有关,分级程度越高,患者血清IL-22水平越高;SAP组、MSAP组、MAP组及对照组各组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 IL-22可能与AP发病发展有关;可能对AP诊治提供辅助参考。     

急性胰腺炎凝血纤溶功能检测与炎症严重度的关系

目的探讨急性胰腺炎(AP)凝血功能障碍及凝血纤溶功能检测对AP严重度的预测意义。方法选取六盘水安居医院住院治疗的AP患者65例,包括轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)30例,重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)35例,另设正常对照组16例(均为体检合格者)。用全自动血凝仪于入院24 h内检测PT,APTT,Fib,D-dimer。结果 SAP组的APACHⅡ评分远高于MAP组和正常组(P0.05);MAP组APACHⅡ评分与对照组亦有统计学差异(P0.05);SAP组Fib和D-dimer显著高于MAP和正常对照组(P0.05),该2指标MAP组均高于对照组(均P0.05)。急性胰腺炎APACHE评分与PT,APTT,FIB,D-dimer多元回归示:回归系数Fib为0.942(P=0.030);D-dimer为0.014,(P=0.038),Fib,D-dimer与AP严重程度呈正相关。结论 Fib,D-dimer可早期预测评估急性胰腺炎的严重程度。     

血清淀粉酶、C反应蛋白、降钙素原与尿胰蛋白酶原激活肽联合检测对急性胰腺炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨血清淀粉酶(S-Amy)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)及尿胰蛋白酶原激活肽(TAP)联合检测对急性胰腺炎(AP)的诊断价值。方法:选取收治的120例AP患者(AP组)与90例健康自愿者(对照组),检测并比较两组研究对象以及不同病情AP患者间S-Amy、CRP、PCT、TAP的水平,采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析血清S-Amy、CRP、PCT、TAP单独与联合检测对AP的诊断能力。结果:S-Amy、CRP、PCT、TAP水平在AP组均高于对照组,在重症患者(SAP)均高于轻症患者(MAP),差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。4项联合检测诊断AP的灵敏度为97.28%、特异度为84.13%、漏诊率为2.72%、误诊率为15.87、ROC曲线下面积值为0.905。结论:S-Amy、CRP、PCT与尿TAP联合检测对早期诊断AP具有一定的实用价值,可以作为临床参考。     

糖尿病足溃疡感染患者血清脂联素、D二聚体及NLR水平与病情严重程度及预后的相关性

目的探讨糖尿病足溃疡感染患者血清脂联素(adiponectin, APN)、D二聚体(D-dimer, D-D)及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, NLR)水平与病情严重程度及预后的相关性。方法选取2020年2月至2021年2月南通大学附属南通第三医院收治的92例糖尿病足溃疡感染患者, 根据病情严重程度分为轻度(n=30)、中度(n=44)和重度(n=18)患者, 比较不同严重程度患者血清APN、D-D及NLR水平, 分析糖尿病足溃疡感染患者血清APN、D-D及NLR水平与病情严重程度的关系, 随访1年, 统计患者预后情况, 采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析血清APN、D-D及NLR水平预测患者预后不良的价值。结果不同严重程度患者血清APN、D-D及NLR水平比较, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05), 重度和中度患者血清APN水平低于轻度患者(P<0.05)。重度患者血清APN为5.35±0.98, 中度患者为7.64±1.25, 低于轻度患者的9.19±1.73(P<0.05), 重度患者血清APN水平低于中...     

血清降钙素原区分血流感染主要病原菌的效果研究

目的:探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)检测在区分血流感染主要病原菌种类中的作用,为临床早期选择抗菌药物提供依据。方法:收集2017年11月—2019年12月我院收治的274例血培养阳性(单一菌)患者临床资料,检测其血清PCT水平,并分析革兰阴性(G-)菌、革兰阳性(G+)菌和真菌之间PCT水平及PCT阳性率差异。结果:274例血培养阳性标本中,G菌142例,占52.01%(142/274);G+菌87例,占31.50%(87/274);真菌45例,占16.48%(45/274)。G菌组、G+菌组和真菌组血清PCT检测水平差异有统计学意义(H=43.722,P<0.05)。274例血流感染患者血清PCT检测总阳性率为71.53%(196/274), G菌组、G+菌组及真菌组感染患者血清PCT检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.098,P<0.05)。G菌组、G+菌组和真菌组血清PCT分组情况差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.404,P<0.05)。在G菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌的PCT检测水平和阳性率均高于鲍曼不动杆菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),铜绿假单胞菌的PCT阳性率高于鲍曼不动杆菌,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:血清PCT检测对血流感染患者病原菌类型有一定的提示意义,应与血培养联合应用,为临床早期合理选择抗菌药物治疗提供依据。     

异位妊娠患者输卵管阻力指数、VEGF、PAPP-A的特点及临床评估价值

目的 探讨异位妊娠输卵管阻力指数与血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)表达水平以及早期评估价值。方法 选取本院接诊的输卵管妊娠患者100例作为A组,其他异位妊娠患者100例作为B组,正常妊娠孕妇100例作为C组,检测三组受试者的血清VEGF、PAPP-A表达水平、计算输卵管阻力指数,行统计学分析与ROC曲线分析。结果 A组、B组、C组三组受试者血清PAPP-A、输卵管阻力指数检测结果表现出随病情严重下降,血清VEGF检测结果表现出随病情严重升高,各组对比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;绘制ROC曲线,三项指标联合检测在异位妊娠风险预测诊断中,其AUC计算结果为0.821,灵敏度为98.48%,特异度为93.89%。结论异位妊娠血清VEGF呈现为升高,血清PAPP-A、输卵管阻力指数呈现为下降,三项指标联合检测对异位妊娠具有较高诊断准确敏感度。     

TyG指数、Ca2+、CRP对急性胰腺炎病情严重程度的预测价值研究

目的 探讨甘油三酯葡萄糖指数(TyG指数)、血清钙离子(Ca²⁺)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及三者联合时对急性胰腺炎(AP)严重程度预测能力的研究。方法 将2020年5月到2023年5月在本院收治的AP患者作为研究对象,通过对其临床资料进行收集,将患者按照病情严重程度分成两组,分别是75例重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)组和230例非重症急性胰腺炎(非SAP)组,比较两组病人的基本临床特征;应用多因素二元Logistic回归分析,探讨SAP的独立危险因素;利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)比较TyG指数、Ca²⁺、CRP及三者联合时对SAP的预测价值。结果 SAP、非SAP两组患者的性别、年龄差异无明显统计学意义(P>0.05),但在住院天数、ICU入院人数等上有统计学意义(P<0.05),SAP组的TyG指数、CRP浓度相比于非SAP组明显升高,与非SAP组患者相比,SAP组患者血浆中钙含量显著下降(P<0.05);多元Logistic回归分析表明,这三个因子是预测SAP发生的独立因素,有统计学意义(P<0.05); TyG指...     

CA-125、CA-199、CRP、PCT的联合检测在急性胰腺炎中的诊断价值

目的研究讨论糖类抗原125(CA-125)、糖类抗原199(CA-199)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及降钙素原(PCT)在急性胰腺炎(AP)患者中的表达及在AP中的诊治价值。方法选取2012年～2018年芜湖市第一人民医院医院AP患者125例,其中,重症急性胰腺炎组(SAP组)41例、轻症急性胰腺炎组(MAP组)84例,体检健康者30例,分别检测CA-125、CA-199、CRP、PCT,预测上述指标的临床应用价值。结果急性胰腺炎患者中CA-125、CA-199、CRP、PCT均高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。SAP组中CA-125、CA-199、CRP、PCT与MAP组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对于AP严重程度诊断效能最大的是PCT(敏感性76.68%,特异性84.07%,AUC0.854,其次是CA-199、CA-125、CRP。结论 CA-125、CA-199、CRP、PCT的变化与AP的病情严重程度有关,CRP的敏感性最高,而PCT的特异性最强,四种指标对预测AP严重程度具有一定临床价值。     

绝经后妇女同型半胱氨酸代谢与脊柱骨关节炎病情严重程度的关系

目的 探讨绝经后妇女同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)代谢与脊柱骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)病情严重程度的关系。方法 选择2019年1月～2020年12月在本院就诊的绝经后脊柱OA患者97例作为研究组,按1∶1的比例抽取同期在本院接受体检的绝经后非脊柱OA受试者97例作为对照组。观察两组患者血清Hcy、叶酸水平及亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR)基因C677T多态性差异,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨Hcy和MTHFR基因C677T多态性与脊柱OA分级(KL分级)的关系。结果 研究组Hcy水平高于对照组,叶酸水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同KL分级脊柱OA患者的Hcy和叶酸水平差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组受试者MTHF基因C677T单核苷酸多态性分布存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。不同KL分级脊柱OA患者之间存在MTHFR基因C677T单核苷酸多态性差异,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic...     

BISAP评分联合红细胞分布宽度早期评估急性胰腺炎严重程度的价值

目的:探讨急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP)评分联合红细胞分布宽度(RDW)对急性胰腺炎(AP)严重程度的早期评估价值。方法:回顾性研究收集2015年10月—2017年11月我院收治的急性胰腺炎患者385例,按疾病严重程度分为轻症组(MAP)、中重症组(MSAP)及重症组(SAP),患者入院24 h内行血常规、尿素氮、血糖、血钙等检查,收集红细胞分布宽度并行BISAP评分,采用方差分析法比较三组数据间的统计学差异,同时绘制RDW联合BISAP评分预测AP病情的受试者工作特征曲线,分析其预测价值。结果:轻症组、中重症组和重症型BISAP评分、红细胞分布宽度均依次升高,三组RDW、BISAP评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05),RDW与BISAP评分呈正相关(r=0.384,P0.01)。BISAP评分、RDW联合BISAP评分预测AP病情的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.879、0.894,敏感性分别为77.3%、95.5%,特异性分别为85.3%、76.5%。结论:随AP患者病情加重,其BISAP评分及RDW均升高,二者联合有助于预测患者病情。     

Presenteeism and Absenteeism Before and After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundAbsenteeism is costly, yet evidence suggests that presenteeism—illness-related reduced productivity at work—is costlier. We quantified employed patients’ presenteeism and absenteeism before and after total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsWe measured presenteeism (0-100 scale, 100 full performance) and absenteeism using the World Health Organization’s Health and Work Performance Questionnaire before and after TJA among a convenience sample of employed patients. We captured detailed information about employment and job characteristics and evaluated how and among whom presenteeism and absenteeism improved.ResultsIn total, 636 primary, unilateral TJA patients responded to an enrollment email, confirmed employment, and completed a preoperative survey (mean age: 62.1 years, 55.3% women). Full at-work performance was reported by 19.7%. Among 520 (81.8%) who responded to a 1-year follow-up, 473 (91.0%) were still employed, and 461 (88.7%) had resumed working. Among patients reporting at baseline and 1 year, average at-work performance improved from 80.7 to 89.4. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that postoperative performance was significantly higher than preoperative performance (P < .0001). The percentage of patients who reported full at-work performance increased from 20.9% to 36.8% (delta = 15.9%, 95% confidence interval = [10.0%, 21.9%], P < .0001). Presenteeism gains were concentrated among patients who reported declining work performance leading up to surgery. Average changes in absences were relatively small. Combined, the average monthly value lost by employers to presenteeism declined from 15.3% to 8.3% and to absenteeism from 16.9% to 15.5% (ie, mitigated loss of 8.4% of monthly value).ConclusionAmong employed patients before TJA, presenteeism and absenteeism were similarly costly. After, employed patients reported increased performance, concentrated among those with declining performance leading up to surgery.     

The German emergency and disaster medicine and management systemdhistory and present

As well for optimized emergency management in individual cases as for optimized mass medicine in disaster management, the principle of the medical doctors approaching the patient directly and timely, even close to the site of the incident, is a long-standing marker for quality of care and patient survival in Germany. Professional rescue and emergency forces, including medical services, are the “Golden Standard” of emergency management systems. Regulative laws, proper organization of resources, equipment, training and adequate delivery of medical measures are key factors in systematic approaches to manage emergencies and disasters alike and thus save lives. During disasters command, communication, coordination and cooperation are essential to cope with extreme situations, even more so in a globalized world. In this article, we describe the major historical milestones, the current state of the German system in emergency and disaster management and its integration into the broader European approach.     

Differences in Osteocyte Density and Bone Histomorphometry Between Men and Women and Between Healthy and Osteoporotic Subjects

Bone defects related to osteoporosis develop with increasing age and differ between males and females. It is currently thought that the bone remodeling process is supervised by osteocytes in a strain-dependent manner. We have shown an altered response of osteocytes from osteoporotic patients to mechanical loading, and osteocyte density is reduced in osteoporotic patients, which might relate to imperfect bone remodeling, leading to lack of bone mass and strength. Hence, information on osteocyte density will contribute to a better understanding of bone biology in males and females and to the assessment of osteoporosis. Osteocyte density as well as conventional histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone were determined in cancellous iliac crest bone of healthy postmenopausal women and men and of osteoporotic women and men. Osteocyte density was higher in healthy females than in healthy males and lower in osteoporotic females than in healthy females. Bone mass was reduced in osteoporotic patients, both male and female. In females, trabecular number was reduced, whereas in males, trabecular thickness was reduced and eroded surface was increased. There were no correlations between the parameter groups bone architecture, bone formation, bone resorption, and osteocyte density. These results are consistent with impaired osteoblast function in osteoporotic patients and with a different mechanism of bone loss between men and women, in which osteocyte density might play a role. The reduced osteocyte numbers in female osteoporotic patients might relate to imperfect bone remodeling leading to lack of bone mass and strength. M. G. Mullender and S. D. Tan contributed equally to this work.     

肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI及病理表现

目的探讨肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌的CT、MRI和病理特点。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤和2例肝内胆管囊腺癌的影像及临床病理资料，将病变的影像表现与其病理大体形态及组织学表现作对照分析。结果6例肝内胆管囊腺瘤，女4例、男2例；2例肝内胆管囊腺癌均为女性病人；8例病人平均年龄55岁。所有病灶均表现为多房囊性肿块，肿瘤囊腔各分房内常为多种液体成分，在CT上可表现为不同密度、在MRI上可表现为不同信号强度。囊内出现多发大小不等的壁结节在胆管囊腺癌内更常见，囊内有分隔但无壁结节只见于胆管囊腺瘤。在7例CT扫描中，4例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌可见囊壁或分隔上钙化，囊壁、囊内分隔及囊内结节均为轻、中度延迟增强。肿瘤中出现卵巢样间质见于3例胆管囊腺瘤和1例胆管囊腺癌，且均为女性病人。结论肝内胆管囊腺瘤和囊腺癌是肝脏不常见的囊性肿瘤，影像上多房、囊内有分隔且各分房囊内密度或信号不一致，高度提示肝内胆管囊腺瘤或囊腺癌的诊断，如囊内伴有多发大小不等的结节，则进一步提示囊腺癌的可能。但影像学表现不能区分肿瘤中有无卵巢样间质。