肱骨近端锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的 探讨应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板(locking proximal humerus plate,LPHP)内固定治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的可行性和疗效.方法 对2004年9月至2007年9月收治并获得随访的18例肱骨近端骨折进行回顾性分析,其中男7例,女11例,年龄25～79岁,平均52.8岁.所有骨折均按Neer分型:二部分骨折4例,三部分骨折6例,四部分骨折8例,其中骨质疏松7例.手术经三角肌、胸大肌间隙入路,采用肱骨近端锁定接骨板对骨折进行固定,对其中6例存在严重骨缺损患者进行自体骨植骨.结果 随访8～24个月,平均12.5个月,骨折均愈合.采用Neer肩关节功能评分标准评定:优6例,良7例,中3例,差2例,优良率为72.2%.合并内翻畸形1例,肱骨头缺血性坏死2例(术后1年行人工肱骨头置换术),肩关节创伤性关节炎2例,骨折延迟愈合1例.结论 肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定是一种有效的适宜于肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的治疗方法 ,既能实现对骨折断端的稳固固定作用,又避免了对骨块附着软组织和骨膜的过多剥离,可有效地遏制肱骨头的缺血性坏死.     

肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的评价肱骨近端锁定钢板（LPHP）治疗肱骨粉碎性骨折的治疗效果。方法2004年6月～2007年12月应用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折32例,男14例、女18例,年龄23～85岁,平均57．1±5．8岁。根据Neer分型：二部分骨折6例,三部分骨折21例,四部分骨折5例。术后利用Constant评分评价其治疗效果。结果随诊10个月～3．5年,平均2．1±0．8年,4例失访,随访期末均顺利愈合。1例出现肱骨头部分坏死,但不影响功能;3例出现肩关节半脱位;2例保守治疗缓解;1例出现肩关节撞击征。根据Constant评分为优良率89．2％（25／28）。结论肱骨近端锁定钢板（LPHP）是治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的首选方法之一．可取得较好的临床治疗结果。     

锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法自2005年5—2007年1月，应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折12例，其中男4例，女8例；左侧5例，右侧7例；年龄60-75岁，平均66岁。根据Neer分类：二部分骨折7例，三部分骨折4例，四部分骨折1例，均为闭合性新鲜骨质疏松性骨折。采用三角肌、胸大肌间隙入路，9例行自体骨植骨术。结果12例均得到随访，随访时间4-18个月，平均10个月。所有骨折均愈合，平均愈合时间12周，根据Constant评分，优5例，良5例，中2例，优良率83．3％。结论肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗中老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折具有固定可靠、退钉率低、并发症少等优点；必要时植骨，可提高骨折愈合率，特别适用于骨质疏松的肱骨近端粉碎性骨折。     

锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的 了解锁定钢板治疗粉碎性肱骨近端骨折的疗效及相关手术技术.方法 2003年2月-2007年3月,采用锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折34例,其中21例采用肱骨近端锁定钢板(locking proximal humerus plate,LPHP),13例采用肱骨近端锁定系统(proximal humerus interlockingsystem,PHILOS).根据Neer分型,三部分骨折30例,四部分骨折4例.结果 术后32例获得12～36个月随访,平均18.6个月.2例失访.术后骨折均愈合,无内固定失效,骨折平均愈合时间为10周.根据Constant评分标准评定:优4例,良23例,可4例,差1例;优良率为84.4%.其中60岁以下Constant评分平均为83(77～90),60岁以上平均为72(30～86).三部分骨折评分平均为76(70～90),而四部分骨折平均为60(30～74).结论 锁定钢板是治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的有效方法.肱骨近端内侧的有效支撑以及减少软组织剥离是手术成功的关键.     

Hinge plate technique for osteosynthesis of comminuted proximal humeral fractures

BackgroundSeveral surgical techniques of osteosynthesis have been described for treatment of proximal humeral fractures. There is evidence that the quality of reduction improves the clinical outcome and decreases the number of complications. Reduction of the medial calcar is tricky when standard manoeuvres are performed. We have therefore augmented our standard surgical technique with a low-profile medial hinge plate which aims at better reconstructing the medial metaphysis without extensile soft tissue dissection in combination with proximal humerus locked plating.ObjectiveEvaluate the radiological and clinical outcome after application of an augmented fixation with a low-profile medial hinge plate. We questioned: (i) The quality of reduction, (ii) The rate of complications, (iii) The clinical function in terms of the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS).MethodsA retrospective single-centre case series. Between 2016 and 2019, patients who had undergone open reduction and osteosynthesis by an anatomical locking plate associated with a 2.0 mm locking compression plate used as a hinge to support the medial metaphysis. Thirty-four patients, with an average age of 64 years had a clinical and/or radiological average follow-up of 36 months.ResultsThe preoperative imaging identified three fractures in two parts, 19 fractures in three parts and 12 fractures in four parts. Seven cases with fracture-dislocation were identified, one head-split fracture, and 14 cases with a metaphyseal head extension of less than 8 mm. After comparing head-shaft displacement, cranialisation of the greater tuberosity as well as head-shaft alignment in the preoperative and postoperative radiographs, overall anatomical or near-anatomical fracture reduction was achieved in 27 of the patients.Only two cases presented postoperative complications. The two cases were complicated with nonunion without screw perforation requiring surgical intervention by re-osteosynthesis. The clinical outcome assessed by the OSS showed an average of 45/48.The age of the group with anatomical or near anatomical reduction and the group with at least one parameter of malreduction was significantly different, 65 and 74 years respectively (p<0.05). No significant differences were found when comparing the sex, surgical time, time to operation or the number of fracture parts.ConclusionThe technique described provides a surgical treatment option with lower complication rates and a quality of reduction consistent with the current literature as well as a satisfactory clinical outcome.     

锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

2009年2月～2012年12月,我科采用肱骨近端锁定接骨板治疗30例肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者,取得了满意的疗效,现报道如下。     

应用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效.方法应用肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折18例,其中Neer分类三部骨折15例,四部骨折3例.结果骨折临床愈合6～8周.术后10～12周,以Neer评分法评估其功能,6例为优,8例为良,2例为可,2例为差.结论肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端粉碎性骨折,短期效果较好,但后期效果还需长期随访.     

肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效分析

目的 通过与肱骨近端解剖钢板(APHP)和T形钢板进行比较,评价肱骨近端锁定钢板(LPHP)在治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折中的应用价值. 方法 对2008年8月至2010年9月收治的65例肱骨近端粉碎性骨折患者资料进行回顾性分析,男36例,女29例;年龄24～ 70岁,平均39岁.均为NeerⅢ、Ⅳ型骨折,根据内固定方式不同分为3组:LPHP组(36例)、APHP组(19例)和T形钢板组(10例).骨折复位后断端如果有骨缺损,则植入自体骨.比较3组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、愈合时间、骨折愈合率、肩关节功能优良率及术后并发症发生情况等. 结果 LPHP组、APHP组、T形钢板组术中平均出血量分别为( 156.6±42.3) mL、(175.2±41.2) mL、(191.7±39.6) mL,3组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);平均手术时间分别为(86.3±12.3) min、(96.1±13.6) min、(101.2±12.6) min,3组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).所有患者术后随访12～18个月,平均14.5个月.61例获得临床愈合,其中LPHP组36例,DCP组17例,T形钢板组8例,3组骨折愈合率两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);平均愈合时间分别为(10.1±1.2)周、(12.3±1.4)周、(15.4±2.6)周,3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);有4例发生肱骨头坏死,其中APHP组2例,T形钢板组2例,3组肱骨头坏死发生率两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);肩关节功能评定根据Neer评分标准:LPHP组优32例,良3例,差l例,优良率为97.2％;APHP组优10例,良2例,差5例,优良率为63.2％;T形钢板组良4例,差4例,优良率为40.0％,3组优良率两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 与APHP和T形钢板比较,LPHP既可以牢固固定肱骨近端粉碎性骨折各个骨折块,又保护了肱骨头及骨折端的残留血供,骨折愈合快,术后恢复快,并发症少.     

Fixation stability of comminuted humeral shaft fractures: locked intramedullary nailing versus plate fixation

BACKGROUND: This study compared the fixation stability of two treatments for humeral shaft fractures with segmental bone loss during cyclic, physiologic loading. METHODS: Six matched pairs of human humeri received either a 10-hole broad dynamic compression plate or a locked antegrade inserted humeral nail applied to a humeral diaphyseal osteotomy with a 1.5-cm gap defect. The bone-implant humeral constructs were axially loaded for 10,000 cycles at 250 N and 500 N, with measurements of gap displacement and calculation of construct stiffness. The specimens were then loaded to failure. RESULTS: Cyclic loading showed no difference between the two groups for average gap displacement or construct stiffness. The intramedullary nail constructs failed by humeral shaft splitting (n = 4) or head cut-out (n = 2) at an average of 958.3 N, whereas the plate constructs failed by humeral shaft splitting and screw pull-out (n = 3) or plate bending (n = 3) at an average of 641.7 N (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Although both methods offer similar fixation stability under physiologic loads, the higher load to failure demonstrated by intramedullary nail fixation may have implications for the patient with multiple injuries for whom partial weightbearing on the injured upper extremity may be necessary.     

Humeral head necrosis rate at mid-term follow-up after open reduction and angular stable plate fixation for proximal humeral fractures

Introduction

Short-term follow-up of angular stable fixation for proximal humeral fractures has been well documented in the literature. Longer follow-up series are difficult to find. However, especially regarding the risk of avascular humeral head necrosis longer follow-up series are high of clinical relevance.

Methods

Forty-eight patients with a mean age of 66 years and treated with open reduction and angular stable internal fixation for proximal humeral fractures were followed up for a mean of 45 months. The clinical and radiographic follow-up (Constant Score (CS), age and gender related Constant Score (agCS), Constant Score in comparison to the contralateral side (%CS) and shoulder anterior-posterior and lateral view and axial view X-rays) was performed postoperatively.

Results

Clinical results after 45 months showed a mean CS of 66.2 ± 15.4 points with a mean agCS of 90.0 ± 23.1%. Evaluation of the %CS showed 77.7 ± 17.8%. %CS results showed no significant differences after 45 months in comparison to those obtained after 12 months. However, incidence of avascular necrosis of the humeral head doubled over the follow-up period from 4 cases at 12 months follow-up to 9 cases at final follow-up.

Conclusion

Results of open reduction and internal fixation with angular stable implants for proximal humeral fractures are reliable, however long-term complications such as avascular necrosis of the humeral head need to be evaluated further on since its incidence increases over the time.     

锁定接骨板治疗老年肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的疗效。方法2002年1月～2004年1月对35例老年肱骨近端骨折予以锁定接骨板内固定治疗,术后早期功能锻炼。结果术后所有患者平均随访13.2个月,骨折愈合时间平均8.3周(7～12周),1例肱骨头缺血性坏死。按Constant评分标准,平均81.4分(39～95分),其中优22例,良8例,中4例,差1例,优良率85.7%。结论肱骨近端锁定接骨板对于骨质疏松的老年肱骨近端骨折是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

Locking plate fixation for proximal humeral fractures: initial results with a new implant

Treatment of proximal humeral fractures remains controversial, with multiple reported techniques and variable results. Recently, locking plates have become available for fixation of osteopenic and comminuted fractures. This study reports our initial experience with a new locking plate designed specifically for proximal humeral fractures. We observed 16 patients until union or revision with a mean of 12 months' follow-up. Of the 16 patients, 9 had high-energy injuries. There were nine 3-part, five 2-part, and two 4-part fractures. Twelve of sixteen patients healed without complications. There were 4 nonunions; all occurred in patients with 3-part fractures with metadiaphyseal comminution, 3 of whom were heavy smokers. In patients with united fractures, mean elevation was 132 degrees and mean external rotation was 43 degrees, with mean internal rotation to T11. Locking plate fixation achieved union in 75% of patients in this series. Risk factors for delayed union or nonunion included comminution, smoking, and 3-part fractures. These fractures remain challenging despite the availability of locked plating systems.     

Functional results of angular-stable plate fixation in displaced proximal humeral fractures

INTRODUCTION: The availability of angular-stable plate/screw systems led to a euphoric use of these implants for the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures. The high implant costs seem to be justified by a potentially improved outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty one patients (20 female, 11 male, mean age: 62+/-16 years) with two-, three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures (Neer classification) were operated using the proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS). The mean follow-up time was 19+/-3 postoperative months (range: 340-720 days). Functional results (Constant score, UCLA-score) were analysed and compared to an equivalent historic control group of 60 patients operated for the same fracture types using two one-third tubular plates. Additionally, total implant costs for each technique were compared. RESULTS: Complications in the PHILOS group included one implant failure with refracture, one secondary dislocation, two cases of subacromial impingement, and two cases of partial avascular necrosis of the humeral head. The mean Constant score (age- and sex-matched) was 80+/-11% for the affected side and 104+/-13% for the healthy side. The UCLA scores were excellent in 10%, good in 67%, and fair in 23% of the patients. Complication rate and functional results did not differ significantly from the control group treated with one-third tubular plates. Implant costs were significantly higher for the PHILOS group (684+/-40 Euro vs. 158+/-20 Euro, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our study showed similar functional results using either plate. Although the PHILOS plate may provide important advantages in specific situations, such as osteoporotic bone, its use as a standard must be carefully judged under the economic aspect of the significant higher implant costs.     

锁定钢板内固定治疗高龄患者肱骨近端骨折

正2011年4月~2014年9月,我科采用锁定钢板内固定治疗17例高龄肱骨近端骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组17例,男7例,女10例,年龄70~84岁。均为新鲜骨折,伴肩关节脱位4例。按肱骨近端骨折Neer分型:Ⅲ型6例,Ⅳ型11例。1.2治疗方法臂丛麻醉或全身麻醉。     

肩峰下劈三角肌扩展入路钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨采用肩峰下劈三角肌扩展入路钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2007年8月~2011年5月应用肩峰下劈三角肌扩展入路钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折12例。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症情况、观察术后骨折复位情况、不同时间肩关节活动度、采用Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分对肩关节功能进行评价。结果 12例获得随访4~16个月,平均10个月。平均手术时间为(74.58±9.88)min;术中平均出血量为(105±26.11)ml;术后均无腋神经损伤症状发生。骨折复位均满意,所有骨折均获得愈合,愈合时间12~18周,平均14周。术后3个月时Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分平均(80.08±6.42)分。结论采用肩峰下劈三角肌扩展入路钢板内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折有着操作简单、损伤小、组织剥离少、暴露清楚、方便钢板放置和固定操作、对肱骨头血运影响小、术后肩关节功能恢复快的优点。     

锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折疗效分析

[目的]探讨应用肱骨近端锁定接骨板(LPHP)治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的方法及疗效.[方法]2005年3月～2009年2月应用解剖型肱骨近端锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折81例.年龄41～73岁,平均62.1岁.骨折按Neer分型法,Ⅲ部分骨折60例,Ⅳ部分骨折21例.均予肱骨近端锁定接骨板内固定,采用三角肌、胸大肌间隙人路.[结果]所有病例均获得12～36个月的长期随访,平均18个月,骨折均愈合.根据Neer评分,优49例,良23例,可7例,差2例,总优良率达88.9%.[结论]锁定加压接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折具有固定可靠,对肱骨头血供影响小,并发症少等优点,特别适用于不稳定的、骨质疏松的肱骨近端粉碎性骨折,术后能早期功能锻炼,长期随访观察,效果满意,是目前治疗肱骨近端骨折较理想的内固定方法.