Effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on wound contraction

The effect of topical recombinant murine and human GM-CSF, 1 or 10 µg/cm² for one to ten days, on the contraction and healing of acute and chronic granulating wounds infected withEscherichia coli was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. Bacterial contamination of wounds produced significant inhibition of wound contraction. Application of GM-CSF at either dose level to infected wounds markedly increased the rate of wound closure compared to the rate in infected untreated controls. Ten days treatment was found to be more effective than a single application. An advanced stage of wound healing was observed at ten days in the GM-CSF-treated rats compared with controls. Bacterial counts decreased in the GM-CSF-treated wounds which may suggest bactericidal activity. Topical treatment with GM-CSF was shown to effectively inhibit the retardation of wound closure produced by bacterial contamination and may therefore be useful in the management of patients with infected wounds.     

Wound healing potential of methanol extract of Spathodea campanulata stem bark formulated into a topical preparation

This study evaluated the wound healing potential of Spathodea campanulata stem bark in Sprague Dawley rats using the excision wound model. The methanol extract contained glycosides, flavonoids and tannins, and was relatively stable when stored at the room temperature for six (6) months. Solvent-free, semi-solid extract of S. campanulata was incorporated into an aqueous cream and applied (10 % w/w and 20 % w/w) on excision wounds of thirty two (32) rats. Cicatrin(?) cream was used as a standard wound healing agent. Prior to the remedial cream application, done later on twice daily, sixteen (16) rats had their wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus, while in the remaining sixteen the wounds were kept clean. The surface area of the excision wounds was monitored planimetrically every four (4) days until a complete wound closure or healing took place. Excision wounds treated with 20 % w/w Spathodea cream and Cicatrin(?) cream showed a rapid and comparable decrease (p > 0.05) in wound size. In uninfected wounds, both 20 % w/w Spathodea cream and Cicatrin(?) cream application resulted in ～ 95 %-wound closure seen on Day 20, and a complete closure seen on Day 24. In infected wounds, both 20 % w/w Spathodea cream and Cicatrin(?) cream administration led to ～ 91 %-wound closure on Day 24 and a complete wound contraction on Day 28. The results of this study justify the folkloric use of S. campanulata stem bark to the effect of wound treatment.     

Effects of PerClot® on the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in rats

PerClot^® is a hemostatic material made of polysaccharide from modified starch and has been shown to assist in topical hemostasis. The principal goal in treating surgical and non-surgical wounds is the need for rapid closure of the lesion. This study investigated whether topical application of PerClot^® could improve impaired wound healing in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Full-thickness skin wounds were created on the back of the rats. Immediately, PerClot^® was introduced into the wound bed, while wounds receiving starch or nothing served as controls. Wound closure was monitored using well-recognized wound-healing parameters: histological examination for inflammatory cells and fibroblast infiltration, newly formed capillaries, and collagen deposition. Meanwhile, transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) was measured by immunochemistry. Wound closure was significantly accelerated by local application of PerClot^®. Furthermore, PerClot^®-treated wounds showed significantly increased fibroblast numbers at 5 days post-wounding, and newly formed capillaries at 7 days post-wounding, and collagen regeneration at 7 and 14 days post-wounding. The number of infiltrating fibroblasts expressing TGF-β1 was significantly higher than that in the controls at 7 and 14 days post-wounding. PerClot^® can improve the wound healing and this effect might involve an increase in the activity of fibroblasts and increased release of TGF-β1.     

Effect of collagen cross-linking inhibition by local application of beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate on wound contraction and healing (macroscopic study)

Wound contraction is a major component of second-intention wound healing. The mechanism of this process is not completely understood. Two theories have been described for the mechanism of the wound contraction. To evaluate the collagen cross-linking inhibition on wound contraction, the present study was carried out. Macroscopical aspects of second-intention healing of full-thickness, excisional wounds were studied in five normal male mixed-breed dogs. Under general anesthesia, two full-thickness skin wounds (20 × 20 mm) were created on the back of each dog symmetrically. Left-side wounds (test group) and right-side wounds (control group) were treated topically with beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate 5 mg/ml in methyl cellulose gel and methyl cellulose gel, respectively. Wounds were treated starting at 24 h after wounding and continued for ten successive days. The wounds were evaluated over a 4-week period. At the days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28, digital photographs were taken of all wounds. Rulers were held vertically and horizontally close to the wound as a reference. The area of the epithelialization and granulation tissue were measured for each wound using Scion Image software. Percent of the wound contraction, epithelialization, and healing were calculated for each wounds. Wound contraction, epithelialization, and healing were significantly decreased in the wounds treated by beta-aminopropionitrile fumarate (P < 0.05). Our data demonstrated that the collagen and collagen cross-linking play a key role in the wound contraction and healing during the first 10 days of the wound healing.     

Adenosine promotes wound healing and mediates angiogenesis in response to tissue injury via occupancy of A(2A) receptors

Recent evidence indicates that topical application of adenosine A(2A) receptor agonists, unlike growth factors, increases the rate at which wounds close in normal animals and promotes wound healing in diabetic animals as well as growth factors, yet neither the specific adenosine receptor involved nor the mechanism(s) by which adenosine receptor occupancy promotes wound healing have been fully established. To determine which adenosine receptor is involved and whether adenosine receptor-mediated stimulation of angiogenesis plays a role in promotion of wound closure we compared the effect of topical application of the adenosine receptor agonist CGS-21680 (2-p-[2-carboxyethyl]phenethyl-amino-5'-N-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine) on wound closure and angiogenesis in adenosine A(2A) receptor knockout mice and their wild-type littermates. There was no change in the rate of wound closure in the A(2A) receptor knockout mice compared to their wild-type littermates although granulation tissue formation was nonhomogeneous and there seemed to be greater inflammation at the base of the wound. Topical application of CGS-21680 increased the rate of wound closure and increased the number of microvessels in the wounds of wild-type mice but did not affect the rate of wound closure in A(2A) receptor knockout mice. Similarly, in a model of internal trauma and repair (murine air pouch model), endogenously produced adenosine released into areas of internal tissue injury stimulates angiogenesis because there was a marked reduction in blood vessels in the walls of healing air pouches of A(2A) receptor knockout mice compared to their wild-type controls. Inflammatory vascular leakage and leukocyte accumulation in the inflamed air pouch were similarly reduced in the A(2A) receptor knockout mice reflecting the reduced vascularity. Thus, targeting the adenosine A(2A) receptor is a novel approach to promoting wound healing and angiogenesis in normal individuals and those suffering from chronic wounds.     

Priming with a combination of proangiogenic growth factors improves wound healing in normoglycemic mice

Growth factors and/or angiogenic factors are supposed to improve wound healing. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of subcutaneous pretreatment with combinatory proangiogenic factors on wound closure, mechanical properties, vessel density and morphology. Twenty-eight Balb/c mice were divided equally into two groups. A mixture of VEGF (35.0 μg), bFGF (2.5 μg) and PDGF (3.5 μg) was administered subcutaneously 3, 5 and 7 days to 14 mice before full thickness skin punch biopsy wounding, whereas 14 control animals received three injections of 0.2 ml saline solution. Wound sizes were assessed daily and the repaired tissues were harvested 7 days after complete wound closure. Complete closure (≥ 95% healing of initial wound area) was reached in all proangiogenic pretreated animals on day 10, whereas controls needed 13 days for complete closure. Tensile strengths were nearly twofold higher compared to the controls (p ≤ 0.01). The punch biopsy material revealed 4.2-fold higher vessel densities in the proangiogenic pretreated group. On day 17, the vessel densities in the proangiogenic pretreated wounds were also 3.2-fold higher compared to the untreated controls. No significant differences were seen in the collagen ratio. Pretreatment with proangiogenic factors revealed several significant effects on wound healing: faster time to closure, a higher vessel density and a better functional outcome. These results suggest a beneficial effect of pretreatment with combinatory growth factors in mouse skin wounds without impaired wound healing. This might be exploited in further investigations in diabetic healing as a therapeutic approach for elective surgery.     

低强度超声波对开放性创口的冲洗效果

背景：虽然医疗技术不断进步,但开放性损伤导致的伤口感染率仍然较高。 目的：对比低强度超声波与传统方法对开放性创伤伤口冲洗的效果。 方法：收集84例开放性创伤患者,观察经低强度超声波冲洗的42例患者(观察组)的伤口细菌清除及愈合情况,并与经常规冲洗的42例患者(对照组)细菌清除及愈合情况。 结果与结论：观察组清创2 h后伤口组织中细菌清除率、伤口甲级愈合率明显高于对照组(P < 0.01,P < 0.05);观察组5 d伤口愈合面积明显大于对照组,其平均愈合时间较对照组有明显缩短(P < 0.01)。说明使用低强度超声波创伤冲洗机对伤口进行冲洗,具有清除效果确切和操作简便易行,同时能促进伤口愈合。     

Topical pluronic F-127 gel application enhances cutaneous wound healing in rats

Pluronic F-127 gel is used as vehicle for various topical applications. In the present study, effects of topical application of pluronic F-127 gel were evaluated in cutaneous wound healing in Wistar rats. Normal saline solution and pluronic F-127 gel (25%) were applied topically on open excision wounds for 14 days. Photography, determination of percentage wound contraction, and collection of granulation tissue were done on days 3, 7, 11 and 14 post-wounding. Topical application of gel (once daily) significantly increased the wound closure on days 11 and 14. The gel application increased the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β₁) on days 3 and 7. Histopathologically, more leukocyte infiltration followed by well formed granulation tissue with marked fibroblast proliferation was evident in the gel-treated group, as compared to the saline-treated control group. Immunohistochemistry of CD31 on day 7 revealed significant higher microvessel density in gel-treated wounds. Picrosirius staining demonstrated higher collagen fraction in gel-treated wounds. Thus, from the results, it could be concluded that pluronic F-127 gel has a mild inflammatory nature and enhanced the healing by stimulating expression of VEGF and TGF-β₁.     

Homologous fibronectin enhances healing of excised wounds in rats.

In order to evaluate the effects of a topical application of homologous fibronectin on the healing of skin wounds, we made 2 excisional wounds on the back skin of each rat, applied ointment with or without fibronectin purified from citrated homologous plasma, and evaluated the effect according to wound size and microscopic findings. Excised lesions treated with carrier alone, but the difference was significant only in the early phase of wound healing, 2 and 3 days, according to wound size and microscopic changes. A significant decrease in wound size could be found in both groups, treated with ointment containing and not containing fibronectin, between day 4 and 9 when wound contraction was a major contributor to wound closure. Therefore it can be concluded that topical application of fibronectin has a beneficial effect on wound healing during its early phase, but no significant influence on wound contraction.     

Evaluation of fibrin sealants in cutaneous wound closure.

Human fibrin sealant (HFS) and bovine fibrin sealant (BFS) were delivered as preformulated fibrinogen-thrombin mixtures that are light activated. These formulations were evaluated in the healing of incised cutaneous wounds in beagle dogs. Four groups were differentiated by sealant type and study duration with group: BFS for 10 days, HFS for 10 days, BFS for 30 days, and HFS for 30 days. Healing was evaluated by noting incidences of open wounds, laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), planimetry, breaking strength, and histopathology. In the absence of tension, both sealants tended to hold wound edges together; however, HFS tended to be better than its controls and BFS. Both sealants augmented suture closure, necessitating fewer sutures for wound closure. At 5 and 30 days BFS wounds had more perfusion than HFS wounds, indicating more inflammation. At 10 and 30 days BFS wounds had larger scar areas than their controls, while scar areas of HFS wounds were smaller than either BFS wounds or controls. Breaking strengths indicated that HFS wounds were stronger than their controls and BFS wounds. Histologically, mild to moderate chronic-active inflammation was observed in wounds receiving either sealant, and this persisted longer in BFS wounds. Overall, HFS had positive qualities, thus showing potential for functional and cosmetic wound closure.     

A systematic study of wound contraction in mammalian skin.

The phenomenon of wound contraction has been studied in the skin of rats, rabbits and guinea pigs with the aim of obtaining a standardized wound system to be used for biological assay of in vivo agonists and antagonists of granulation tissue contraction. The sex of the animal, the time of day of wounding, the size and the shape of the wounds all had no apparent influence on the wound contraction curves expressed as per cent of original area against time. The test animal's age and species did have a significant influence on contraction of skin wounds which by analogy with results obtained with rigid splints attached to the skin could be attributed to variations in the thickness, rigidity and fixation of the skin to deep tissues. The shape of the final scar was influenced by the position of the wound on the body surface. The major factor in this instance was considered to be tensile forces acting within the skin. Wound contraction curves in rats and rabbits showed three distinct phases, namely early closure, stationary and logarithmic closure. Guinea pigs lacked the early closure phase. The exact role of the panniculus carnosus in wound healing is considered to be worthy of detailed study.     

创面放射性沾染的处置效果研究

目的探讨不同药物对创面放射性沾染的治疗与洗消效果。方法使用SD大鼠建立放射复合伤模型,建模后将SD大鼠随机均分为4组(对照组、复合中药膏组、纳米银组、负压引流敷料组)。对照组不敷药,创面用碘伏酒精擦拭后用纱布包扎;负压引流敷料组采用自适性负压引流敷料覆盖创面包扎,其余2组分别敷药后用纱布包扎。4组连续7 d换药,并分别在7、14、21 d取材,制作病理切片,观察创面愈合情况。结果建模后21 d,与对照组相比,其余3组所使用药物对创面愈合均有促进作用,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中复合中药膏组愈合最快最好。除对照组外的3个组创口放射性均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中负压引流敷料组创口的放射性最小,说明负压引流敷料块对放射性沾染物的吸附作用高于纱布块的吸附作用。结论复合中药膏与负压引流敷料联合应用对于创面放射性沾染的处理既能更好地降低放射性,也能促进创口的愈合。     

Macroscopic aspects of wound healing (contraction and epithelialisation) after topical administration of allicin in dogs

Macroscopical aspects of second-intention healing of full-thickness excisional wounds were studied in five normal male mixed-breed dogs. Test wounds were treated topically with allicin 0.5% in methyl cellulose gel, and control wounds were treated with methyl cellulose gel only. Wound treatment started 24 h after wounding. The wounds were evaluated over a 4-week period. At days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24 and 28, digital photographs were taken of all wounds. Rulers were held vertically and horizontally close to the wound as a reference. The area of epithelialisation and granulation tissue were measured for each wound using Scion Image software. Percentage wound contraction, epithelialisation and healing were calculated for each wound. Initially, all wound areas increased in size. After the initial enlargement, wound areas decreased rapidly in size between days 7 and 17 in both the test and control groups. Epithelialisation was first noticed at day 3 in control and day 5 in the test wounds. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of wound contraction, epithelialisation and healing between the test and control wounds (P> 0.05).     

PDGF and FGF stimulate wound healing in the genetically diabetic mouse.

To examine the effects of recombinant growth factors in vivo, impaired wound healing was studied in genetically diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Large full-thickness skin wounds made on the backs of these mice exhibited significant delays in the entry of inflammatory cells into the wound, the formation of granulation tissue, and in wound closure when compared to their nondiabetic littermates. Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rPDGF-BB, 1 or 10 micrograms), recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF, 1 micrograms), or combinations of both were applied topically to the wounds for 5 to 14 days after wounding. Diabetic mouse wounds treated with rPDGF-BB or rbFGF had many more fibroblasts and capillaries in the wound bed at 10 and 21 days than did wounds treated with the vehicle alone. The animals treated with growth factors also had significantly greater wound closure at 21 days than those treated with the vehicle. Combinations of rPDGF-BB and rbFGF improved all parameters of healing but not to a greater extent than either growth factor alone. The effectiveness of rPDGF-BB and rbFGF suggest that recombinant growth factors may be useful in the treatment of patients with deficient wound repair.     

Low-Level Laser Therapy Facilitates Superficial Wound Healing in Humans: A Triple-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study

OBJECTIVE: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been promoted for its beneficial effects on tissue healing and pain relief. However, according to the results of in vivo studies, the effectiveness of this modality varies. Our purpose was to assess the putative effects of LLLT on healing using an experimental wound model. DESIGN AND SETTING: We used a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled design with 2 within-subjects factors (wound and time) and 1 between-subjects factor (group). Data were collected in the laboratory setting. SUBJECTS: Twenty-two healthy subjects (age = 21 +/- 1 years, height = 175.6 +/- 9.8 cm, mass = 76.2 +/- 14.2 kg). MEASUREMENTS: Two standardized 1.27-cm(2) abrasions were induced on the anterior forearm. After wound cleaning, standardized digital photos were recorded. Each subject then received LLLT (8 J/cm(2); treatment time = 2 minutes, 5 seconds; pulse rate = 700 Hz) to 1 of the 2 randomly chosen wounds from either a laser or a sham 46-diode cluster head. Subjects reported back to the laboratory on days 2 to 10 to be photographed and receive LLLT and on day 20 to be photographed. Data were analyzed for wound contraction (area), color changes (chromatic red), and luminance. RESULTS: A group x wound x time interaction was detected for area measurements. At days 6, 8, and 10, follow-up testing revealed that the laser group had smaller wounds than the sham group for both the treated and the untreated wounds (P < .05). No group x wound x time differences were detected for chromatic red or luminance. CONCLUSIONS: The LLLT resulted in enhanced healing as measured by wound contraction. The untreated wounds in subjects treated with LLLT contracted more than the wounds in the sham group, so LLLT may produce an indirect healing effect on surrounding tissues. These data indicate that LLLT is an effective modality to facilitate wound contraction of partial-thickness wounds.     

The energy density of laser light differentially modulates the skin morphological reorganization in a murine model of healing by secondary intention

This study investigates the influence of gallium–arsenide (GaAs) laser photobiostimulation applied with different energy densities on skin wound healing by secondary intention in rats. Three circular wounds, 10 mm in diameter, were made on the dorsolateral region of 21 Wistar rats weighting 282.12 ± 36.08 g. The animals were equally randomized into three groups: Group SAL, saline solution 0.9%; Group L3, laser GaAs 3 J/cm²; Group L30, laser GaAs 30 J/cm². Analyses of cells, blood vessels, collagen and elastic fibres, glycosaminoglycans and wound contraction were performed on the scar tissue from different wounds every 7 days for 21 days. On day 7, 14 and 21, L3 and L30 showed higher collagen and glycosaminoglycan levels compared to SAL (P < 0.05). At day 21, elastic fibres were predominant in L3 and L30 compared to SAL (P < 0.05). Type‐III collagen fibres were predominant at day 7 in both groups. There was gradual reduction in these fibres and accumulation of type‐I collagen over time, especially in L3 and L30 compared with SAL. Elevated density of blood vessels was seen in L30 on days 7 and 14 compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). On these same days, there was higher tissue cellularity in L3 compared with SAL (P < 0.05). The progression of wound closure during all time points investigated was higher in the L30 group (P < 0.05). Both energy densities investigated increased the tissue cellularity, vascular density, collagen and elastic fibres, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, with the greater benefits for wound closure being found at the density of 30 J/cm².     

When the Smad signaling pathway is impaired, fibroblasts advance open wound contraction

In wound healing transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), utilizing the Smad signaling pathway, advances connective tissue deposition, the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and wound contraction. The compound SB-505124 disrupts the Smad signaling pathway by blocking activin receptor-like kinase phosphorylation of select Smad signaling proteins. Four full thickness excisional square 2 × 2 cm wounds were made on the rat dorsum. On day 2, the pair of wounds on the left received 1 μM SB-505124 in gel, and the pair on the right, controls, received gel alone. Wounds were covered with nonocclusive dressings and treated redressed daily for 4 days. No differences in day 14 wound sizes between treatment groups were found. H&E stained sections revealed increased cell density in SB-505124 treated wounds. Polarized light microscopy showed collagen fiber bundles birefringence intensity and organization were equivalent between treatment groups. Myofibroblast populations, identified by α-smooth muscle actin staining, were the norm in controls but absent in SB-505124 treated wounds, which was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Blocking the Smad signaling pathway diminished connective tissue deposition and generated a deficiency in myofibroblast numbers, but wound contraction was unimpaired. The absence of myofibroblasts may be related to the blocking of the Smad signaling pathway or it may be related to the generation of less tension in treated wounds, related to reduce deposited connective tissue. These findings support the notion that wound contraction does not require the generation of myofibroblast contractile forces, but rather the organization of newly deposited collagen fiber bundles by forces related to fibroblast locomotion.     

Three-dimensional hyaluronic acid grafts promote healing and reduce scar formation in skin incision wounds

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has been found to play important roles in tissue regeneration and wound-healing processes. Fetal tissue with a high concentration of HA heals rapidly without scarring. The present study employed HA formed into three-dimensional strands with or without keratinocytes to treat full-thickness skin incision wounds in rats. Wound closure rates of HA strand grafts both with and without keratinocytes were substantially enhanced. The closure times of both HA grafts were less than 1 day (average 16 h), about 1/7 that of the contralateral control incisions (114 h, p <.01). Average wound areas after 10 days were HA-only graft: 0.151 mm2 +/- 0.035; HA + cell grafts: 0.143 mm2 +/- 0.036 and controls: 14.434 mm2 +/- 1.175, experimental areas were 1% of the controls (p < 0.01). Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1 measured by immunostaining was remarkably reduced in HA-treated wounds compared to the controls. In conclusion, HA grafts appeared to produce a fetal-like environment with reduced TGF-beta1, which is known to be elevated in incipient scars. The HA strands with or without cultured cells may potentially improve clinical wound healing as well as reduce scar formation.     

Interpenetrating polymer networks containing gelatin modified with PEGylated RGD and soluble KGF: synthesis, characterization, and application in in vivo critical dermal wound

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility and the efficacy in wound healing of a gelatin-based interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-ylated RGD and soluble KGF-1 (RGD-IPN+KGF). IPNs were applied to full-thickness wounds on a rat model. Wound healing was assessed through histological grading of the host response and percent area contraction at 2 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. A control IPN containing unmodified gelatin (unmod-IPN) and a conventional clinical bandage were applied to similar wounds and also evaluated. During the first week of healing, the unmod-IPN and conventional dressing wound showed a greater amount of contraction than that of RGD-IPN+KGF. However, by 3 weeks the extent of wound contraction was comparable between treatments. The RGD-IPN+KGF treated wound demonstrated lower macrophage and fibroblast densities at 3 weeks as compared to unmod-IPN treated wounds. RGD-IPN+KGF acted as a tissue scaffold while preventing the entry of foreign bodies, advantages not seen with the conventional dressing. The extent of cellularity and extracellular matrix organization was higher for wounds healed with RGD-IPN+KGF than those healed with unmod-IPN. These results indicate that both soluble and immobilized bioactive factors can be incorporated into our IPN platform to enhance the rate and the quality of dermal wound healing.     

微波对深Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠感染创面抗菌作用的实验研究

目的了解微波对深Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠感染创面的抗菌作用。方法采用120只Wistar健康清洁级大白鼠,雌雄不限,随机分为3组,每组40只大鼠,A组为生理盐水（NS）对照组,B组红外线照射治疗组,C组微波照射实验组。每组又分5个时相点,每时相点8只大鼠。建立大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤感染实验模型,3组大鼠创面分别应用NS、红外线及微波照射行包扎疗法,于造模后1d、3d、5d、7d、10d5个时相点进行创面痂下细菌计数、组织活检、血培养及创面愈合情况分析。结果C组微波照射治疗,各时相点痂下细菌计数与A组相比明显减少,C组痂下细菌计数与B组比较,1d、10d时相点P〈0.05,3d、5d、7d时相点P〈0.01,与A组比较,各时相点均为P〈0.01。C组创面上皮增生活跃,愈合快,各项检测指标及疗效明显优于A组,优于或近似于B组。结论微波用于实验烫伤大鼠深Ⅱ度感染创面抗菌作用强,促进愈合。