女性不孕不育7584例血清AsAb、EMAb、AcL检测分析

目的：探讨抗精子抗体（AsAb）、抗子宫内膜抗体（EMAb）、抗心磷脂抗体（AcL）检测在女性不孕不育中的意义。方法：采用ELISA法检测7584例女性不孕不育患者血清中的AsBb、EMAb、AcL。结果：7584例女性不孕不育患者AsAb总抗体阳性率为59，3％（4497／7584），IgM阳性2125例，占28．0％：EMAb的总阳性率为33．2％（2518／7584）。其中IgG阳性1427例，占18．8％，IgM阳性1122例，占14．8％，两者同时阳性456例，占6．0％；AcL的总阳性率为29．3％（2224／7584）。其中IgG阳性1346例，占17．7％，IgM阳性950例，占12．5％，两者同时阳性442例，占5．8％。AsAb、EMAb、AcL检测中，其中两项同时阳性1359例，占17．9％，三项同时阳性701例．占9．2％。结论：AsAb、EMAb、AcL与女性不孕不育密切相关     

抗核抗体联合抗心磷脂抗体、抗精子抗体和抗β2糖蛋白I抗体检测在女性不孕不育中的价值

目的：探讨抗核抗体（ANA）联合抗心磷脂抗体（ACA）、抗精子抗体（AsAb）和抗β2糖蛋白I抗体（β2GPI）检测在女性不孕不育疾病诊断中的价值。方法187例不孕不育女性患者为不孕不育组用间接免疫荧光法检测血清中的ANA、AsAb抗体,同时用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中的 ACA、β2 GPI抗体;对80例正常生育女性作为正常组联合测定 ANA、ACA、AsAb、β2GPI抗体。结果187例不孕不育女性患者组中 ANA 阳性率为18．1％（34／187）,正常组为2．5％（2／80）;ACA 阳性率为22．3％（43／187）,正常组为5．0％（4／80）;AsAb阳性率为18．7％（35／187）,正常组为3．8％（3／80）;β2 GPI阳性率为20．3％（38／187）,正常组为3．8％（3／80）;两组相比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论不孕不育与体内存在的ANA、ACA、AsAb和β2 GPI抗体有密切关系,联合检测有助于免疫性不孕不育的病因查找和提高临床诊断率。     

德城区计生站不孕不育患者免疫性抗体检测分析

目的：分析近年来检测出的抗精子抗体（ASAb）、抗子宫内膜抗体（EMAb）、抗新磷脂抗体（ACL）与不孕不育症的关系。方法：采用ELISA法检测2569例男性不育患者血清中的抗精子抗体,3595例女性不孕不育患者血清抗精子抗体,抗子宫内膜抗体,抗新磷脂抗体。结果：男性抗精子总抗体阳性率40．8％,IgM阳性率10．5％,女性抗精子总抗体阳性率53．5％,IgM阳性率为20．5％。男女两组比较,抗精子总抗体阳性率、IgM的阳性率均有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）。女性不孕不育患者EMAb的总阳性率为30．6％,ACL的总阳性为20．5％．ASAb、EMAb、ACL检测中,其中两项同时阳性的占16．5％,三项同时阳性的占8．5％。结论：在免疫性不孕不育中最常见的是由ASAb引起的,ASAb、EMAb、ACL的检测对免疫性不孕不育患者的诊断,治疗具有重要意义。     

不孕不育妇女289例血清生殖免疫抗体检测的分析

目的 探讨生殖免疫抗体在妇科不孕不育诊断中的临床价值.方法 对新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2007 年8 月至2010 年5 月收治的289 例不孕不育患者的血清生殖免疫性4 项抗体[抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)、抗卵巢抗体(AOAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)]的检测结果 进行回顾性分析.结果 血清生殖免疫性4 项抗体阳性者174 例,阳性率为60.2%,AsAb、EM-Ab、AOAb、ACA 的阳性率分别为20.1%、19.0%、10.7%、10.4%.原发不孕组AsAb、EMAb、AOAb、ACA 的阳性率分别为19.8%、18.6%、10.5%,9.3%,继发不孕组为20.2%、19.2%、10.8%、10.8%,两组差异无统计学意义(P ＞0.05);23 ～30 岁组AsAb、EMAb、AOAb、ACA 的阳性率分别为15.6%、16.7%、11.5%、12.5%,31 ～45 岁组为22.3%、20.2%、10.4%、9.3%,两组差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).结论 AsAb、EMAb、AOAb、ACA 是引起不孕不育的重要的免疫因素,这些抗体对不同类型及不同年龄组的不孕不育患者均有影响,这些抗体的检测对免疫性不孕不育患者的诊断、治疗具有重要指导意义.     

抗精子抗体与抗心磷脂抗体在不孕女性患者诊断中的价值

目的探讨抗心磷脂抗体（ACA）和抗精子抗体（AsAb）在女性不孕诊断中的价值。方法选取2012年1～12月湖南省妇幼保健院确诊为不孕症的200例女性患者及健康体检者100例,采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测2组血清抗精子抗体（AsAb）、抗心磷脂抗体（ACA）并比较不孕症组与对照组2项抗体的阳性率。结果血清2项生殖免疫性抗体阳性者79例,阳性率39．5％;不孕患者组AsAb阳性率25．5％（51／200）与健康对照组AsAb阳性率1％（1／100）比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）;不孕患者组AcA阳性率为24％（48／200）与健康对照组AcA阳性率1％（1／100）比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）。AsAb-IgG、AsAb-IgM、AsAb-IgA和ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG阳性率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;ACA-IgA阳性率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;AsAb-IgM和ACA-IgG在不孕不育组内与其他类型抗体阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。AsAb、ACA阳性率在不同年龄段间与对照组比较,3组差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论AsAb、ACA是引起不孕不育的重要的免疫因素,且AsAb-IgM和ACA-IgG与女性不孕不育的关系更加紧密。这些抗体对不同年龄人群的不孕不育患者均有影响,因此AsAb、ACA的检测对免疫性因素引起不孕不育患者的诊断和治疗具有临床价值。     

抗精子抗体对不孕不育患者的影响

目的：探讨抗精子抗体（AsAb）在免疫性不孕不育症患者血清中的检测情况。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定246例不孕不育症患者AsAb,男89例,女157例,其中89对为夫妇,早期自然流产者39例,同时与57例健康正常生育年龄人员作为对照组。其中男31例,女26例。结果：不孕不育患者AsAb阳性率22．36％,明显高于正常对照组（7．02％）,男性患者阳性率16．85％,女性患者阳性率25．48％,均高于正常对照组（7．02％）,P〈0．05。早期自然流产AsAb阳性率30．77％,高于正常对照圣且（7．02％）,其中不孕不育组女性AsAb阳性率明显高于男性。结论：血清AsAb检测对不孕不育的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。     

200例习惯性流产与生殖免疫相关性的研究

目的：通过对原因不明的习惯性流产（HA）患者进行多项抗生殖抗体的筛查，研究HA与抗生殖抗体的关系。方法：200例原因不明的HA为流产组，70例健康孕妇为对照组，对两组采用金标免疫斑点法检测血清抗心磷脂抗体（ACAB）抗子宫内膜抗体（EMAb）抗精子抗体（AsAb），用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清抗绒毛膜促性腺激素抗体（HCGAb）。结果：ACAb阳性率19．00％，EMAb阳性率30．00％，HCGAb阳性率22．50％，ASAb阳性率28．00％，对照组以上指标阳性率分别为5．71％、4．28％、11．4％、5．70％。HA组自身抗体阳性率均高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：多数原因不明性HA患者体内存在生殖抗体它们的存在可能是原因不明性的卧原因之一。     

人工流产后不孕妇女的自身免疫抗体研究

目的探讨抗精子抗体(ASAb)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)、抗卵巢抗体(AOAb)和抗绒毛膜促性腺激素抗体(AHCGAb)与人工流产后继发不孕的关系。方法该研究组是656例人工流产后不孕妇女和对照组为165例正常育龄妇女,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别测定血清中的ASAb,EMAb,AOAb和AHCGAb。结果研究组中ASAb,EMAb,AOAb和AHCGAb阳性率分别是48.6%,41.6%,18.1%和14.0%,均高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论ASAb,EMAb,AOAb和AHCGAb是人工流产后引起女性免疫性不孕的重要因素。     

不孕不育患者血清中抗精子抗体与抗心磷脂抗体的检测价值

目的探讨抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)在不孕不育患者中的检测价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测878例不孕不育患者及20例健康对照组血清中的AsAb及ACA。结果不孕不育组抗精子总抗体(AsAbT)的总阳性率为21.4%,IgM阳性率为13.5%;健康组AsAbT总阳性率为7.5%,IgM为0%,P<0.01。不孕不育组ACA检测总阳性率为36.6%,其中IgA阳性率为5.1%,IgG阳性率为30.5%,IgM为12.3%;健康组阳性率为5.0%,其中IgG阳性率为5.0%,IgM为2.5%,P<0.05。结论 AsAb、ACA与不孕不育关系密切,其检测有助于免疫性不孕不育的诊断。     

抗精子抗体、抗子宫内膜抗体、支原体和衣原体检测77例分析

目的研究支原体（UU）、衣原体（CT）感染与抗精子抗体（AsAb）、抗子宫内膜抗体（EmAb）对女性不孕的影响及两者之间的关系、方法分别采用PCR法和ELISA法对77例不孕不育患者和30例健康已孕妇女（对照组）的宫颈分泌物进行UU、CT检测及血清进行AsAb、EmAb检测．结果不孕组UU、CT与AsAb、EmAb的阳性率均高于对照组（P〈0．01）结论 女性UU、CT感染和AsAb、EmAb阳性与不孕显著相关。UU、CT感染可导致产生AsAb、EmAb.     

抗心磷脂抗体与反复自然流产关系的探讨

应用间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测１０５例反复自然流产患者血清中的抗心磷脂抗体，同时对ＡＮＡ、扩ｄｓ－ＤＮＡ、抗－Ｓｍ，抗－ＲＮＰ、ＲＦ进行了测定。结果表明：ＲＳＡ组ＡＣＡ阳性率为２８．６％，明显高于其他自身抗体及对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＣＡ与ＲＳＡ患者的孕龄及流产次数无相关性（Ｐ＞０．０５），三种类别Ｉｇ中，以ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ型ＡＣＡ检出率较高，中等或高水平的阳性结果占３３．３％（１０／３０），其     

Human leukocyte differentiation antigens as therapeutic targets: the CD molecules and CD antibodies

The cell membrane presents an attractive target in a number of different disease situations. Most obviously, malignant cells may be killed by damaging their cell membranes. There are also more subtle, though effective, ways of rendering cells harmless by engaging proteins at the cell surface. The cells of the immune system may be targeted, for example to stop a damaging immune reaction, such as acute inflammation or rejection of a transplanted organ. If we are to make the best use of the opportunities to modulate disease by targeting the cell membrane, we need a detailed understanding of the many proteins, glycoproteins and glycolipids that are attached to or inserted in the cell membrane. The CD (cluster of differentiation) Workshops, more properly known as the HLDA (Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens) Workshops have, since 1982, focussed on the study of the membrane molecules of leukocytes, including the major cells of the immune system and malignant cells derived from them. The scope has extended to molecules on endothelium which are important in interaction with leukocytes. Many of the molecules characterised as leukocyte antigens are also expressed on other tissue. The approaches developed by the HLDA Workshops are useful in the study of the molecular composition and function of cells of other organ systems. Some of the antibodies produced in order to study the CD molecules have proved useful as therapeutic agents. This review describes the CD system, how it has developed and what it means and introduces the field of therapy based on antibodies against CD or similar molecules. The author is responsible for organising the next (8th) HLDA Workshop and invites readers to suggest ways in which the therapeutic relevance of the Workshop may be enhanced.     

乙型肝炎患者血清自身抗体检测的研究

目的　检测乙型肝炎患者血清自身抗体并分析其临床意义。方法　以 HEP- 2细胞、鼠胃和鼠肾组织为抗原 ,采用间接免疫荧光法对 1 1 7例乙型肝炎患者血清及 30例正常人血清作抗核抗体、抗平滑肌抗体和抗线粒体抗体检测。结果　乙型肝炎患者自身抗体总阳性率为 1 8.8% ,高于正常对照组 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =4.1 9,P<0 .0 5 )。自身抗体以低滴度为主 ,多见于抗平滑肌抗体和抗核抗体。结论　乙型肝炎患者存在多种自身抗体 ,观察其自身抗体的滴度与类型对乙型肝炎患者的治疗有一定的参考价值。     

ANA,抗ds—DNA,抗ENA谱联合检测在诊断SLE病人中的应用

为了提高ＳＬＥ的检出率,应用免疫荧光法、金标法和免疫印迹法联合检测５０例ＳＬＥ患者血清中的ＡＮＡ、Ｄｄｓ－ＤＮＡ和ＥＮＡ谱,其结果单一检测阳性率为６０％－７４％,而联合检测的阳性率为９０％,表明联合检测在ＳＬＥ诊断中肯互补性,并能提高检出率。     

Anticardiolipin antibodies in migraine

Antiphospholipid antibodies have occasionally been observed in small series of migraine patients, possibly signalling an immunological pathogenesis in a subgroup. We have measured anticardiolipin antibody levels in a series of 94 migraine patients (35 patients having migraine with aura, 59 without aura), during acute attacks and between attacks. Platelet counts were normal and VDRL was negative in all patients. A low positive anticardiolipin antibody level was found in only one patient, which was negative six months later. There appears to be no association between the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies and migraine. Antiphospholipid antibodies are unlikely to have a material pathogenetic role. Statistically, the incidence of significantly raised anticardiolipin antibody levels in this group of patients does not exceed 4% at a 95% probability level.     

Prevalence of antiphospholipid and antiplatelet antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Chilean patients

Antiphospholipid (aPL) and antiplatelet (aPlt) antibodies, found in patients with autoimmune diseases, are also detected in infectious diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of these antibodies in HIV patients and to evaluate an association of these antibodies with thrombocytopenia and/or thrombosis. Sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients and 52 normal controls were studied. Anti-cardiolipin (aCL), anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I (anti-beta(2)GPI), and antiprothrombin (aPT) antibodies were determined and the lupus anticoagulant (LA) test was performed. Antiplatelet antibodies (aPlt) were also determined. Seven out of 63 (12.7%) HIV patients were positive for aCL, four of 63 (6.3%) for anti-beta(2)GPI, and five of 63 (7.9%) for aPT. No patients studied were LA positive. Six out of 63 (9.5%) patients were positive for aPlt. One of them showed weak reactivity for GPIb-IX. The platelet count of patients (202+/-63 x 10(3) platelets/microL) was significantly lower than in the controls (343+/-6 x 10(3) platelets/microL) (P<0.001). There was no correlation between the presence of aPL and/or aPlt and thrombocytopenia. Of the HIV-infected patients, 22.2% presented aPL and 9.4% aPlt antibodies. In this study, the presence of aPL and aPlt antibodies was not associated with the development of thrombosis and/or thrombocytopenia.     

Therapeutic plasma exchange as a steroid‐sparing therapy in a patient with limbic encephalitis due to antibodies to voltage‐gated potassium channels

Autoantibodies to the voltage‐gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex cause a spectrum of non‐paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes including limbic encephalitis (LE). We report a case of a man with LE who underwent a course of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in addition to other immunomodulatory therapies and experienced sustained clinical resolution of his symptoms. This report adds to the existing literature supporting TPE in cases of LE due to VGKC complex autoantibodies. J. Clin. Apheresis 31:63–65, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Association of CagA-Dositive infection with Helicobacter pylori antibodies of IgA class

cagA gene, the best known virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori, codes for an immunodominant CagA protein. In this study, CagA antibodies of the IgG class were measured by immunoblot or enzyme immunoassay in subjects with positive H. pylori serology, and the presence of CagA antibodies was compared with that of H. pylori antibodies of IgA and IgG classes. Serum samples were available for a total of 1481 subjects, including gastroscopied patients with biopsy-verified H. pylori infection, smoking men with a normal or low serum pepsinogen I level indicating atrophic corpus gastritis, and subjects who later developed gastric cancer and their matched controls. CagA antibodies were significantly more prevalent among individuals with elevated H. pylori antibody titres of the IgA class than in those with IgG antibodies only, with the exception of a small subgroup of individuals who later developed gastric cancer. CagA-positive H. pylori strains seem to induce an immune response with a markedly higher frequency of IgA than what is found in inflammation caused by CagA-negative strains. The presence of serum IgA antibodies to H. pylori seems to indicate a higher risk for CagA-positive H. pylori infection and possibly more severe late sequelae of the disease.     

抗Dia合并抗E抗体致交叉配血不合的临床分析

目的：探讨交叉配血中抗 Dia 合并抗 E 抗体致配血不合的原因。方法对该院1例因抗 Dia 合并抗 E 抗体致多次配血不合的患者进行分析。通过血型鉴定、直接抗人球蛋白试验、不规则抗体筛查、吸收放散实验来确定患者的血型、可能的不规则抗体、细胞谱反应格局。结果患者血型正定型：抗 A 抗体（－）、抗 B 抗体（－）;反定型：Ac（＋＋＋＋）、Bc（＋＋＋＋）、RBC （－）、Oc（－）;Rh 血型定型：抗 c 抗体（－）、抗 C 抗体（＋＋＋＋）、抗 D 抗体（＋＋＋＋）、抗 e 抗体（＋＋＋＋）、抗 E 抗体（－）。直接抗人球蛋白试验（－）。患者血清中含有抗 E、抗 c 抗体。结论患者血清中的不规则抗体是导致交叉配血不合的重要原因。     

Prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in Chilean patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies found in patients with autoimmune diseases are also detected in those with inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of these antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to evaluate the association of these antibodies with thrombosis and/or other clinical characteristics of this inflammatory disorder. Eighty-four patients with RA and 82 normal controls were studied. Anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-beta(2) glycoprotein I (anti-beta(2)GPI), and antiprothrombin (aPT) antibodies and the lupus anticoagulant (LA) activity were determined. Seven out of 84 (8.3%) patients were positive for aCL, six out of 84 (7.2%) for anti-beta(2)GPI, and six out of 84 (7.2%) for aPT, while in controls the overall prevalence of aPL antibodies was 3.6% (3 out of 82). All patients and controls were LA negative. There was no correlation between the presence of aPL with thrombosis and/or other clinical features of the antiphospholipid syndrome. We found aPL antibodies in 19.1% (16 out of 84) of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and this prevalence was statistically higher than in normal controls (P<0.003). In this study, the presence of aPL antibodies was not associated with the development of thrombosis and/or thrombocytopenia. Whether the presence of aPL antibodies implies an increased risk for thrombosis and atherosclerosis in these patients should be studied further.