应用基因芯片筛选慢性乙型肝炎患者PD-1/PD-L通路基因差异表达

目的 应用基因芯片技术筛选慢乙肝病人PD-1/PD-L通路差异性表达的基因.方法 应用基因芯片技术筛选4例慢乙肝病人与2例健康人外周血,获得差异性表达的基因,结合初步构建的PD-1/PD-L信号通路,挑选出一致的转录因子或调控蛋白,并应用Western blot方法检测CD 40L、Bcl-10、GATA-3、NFAT蛋白的水平的表达.结果 与健康人相比,慢乙肝患者有838个异常表达的基因,其中高表达的基因有150个,低表达的基因有688个.在这些异常表达基因中,有13个基因属于所构建的PD-1/PD-L信号通路中的转录因子或调控蛋白,其中表达上调的6个分别是BCL-10、AP、SRY、MYOD1、ELK4、NFAT,表达下调的7个分别是CD 40L、GADS、PDK1、IL-4、GATA3、CREB、RARG.Westem blotting法证实慢乙肝组高表达BCL-10,低表达CD 40L、GATA3,NFAT但与病毒载量不相关.结论 CD40L、BCL-10、GATA3、NFAT在慢性乙型肝炎患者PD-1/PD-L信号传导通路中可能有重要的调控作用,可以做深入的功能分析研究.     

基因芯片分析成骨生长肽对OPG-/-小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的作用

背景：合成成骨生长肽在体外可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和向成骨细胞分化,体内可增加骨密度改善骨质疏松,但具体作用机制尚未明确。 目的：应用小鼠全基因组芯片筛查合成成骨生长肽作用下OPG-/-小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的差异表达基因,探索成骨生长肽作用下可能影响到的基因与信号传导通路。 方法：应用上海伯豪生物技术有限公司提供的小鼠全基因组Oligo芯片,筛选成骨生长肽干预组与空白对照组OPG-/-小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞差异表达基因,实时定量PCR分析验证部分与增殖分化相关的差异表达基因,并结合聚类分析及通路分析来探索成骨生长肽的作用机制。 结果与结论：芯片结果显示,成骨生长肽作用后使346条基因表达下调,121条基因表达上调。PCR验证结果与芯片结果相符。经BioCarta通路分析,涉及6条通路蛋白;经KEGG通路分析,涉及12条通路。成骨生长肽对OPG-/-小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的作用涉及多条信号传导通路,其中MAPK信号传导通路可能对其促增殖起着至关重要作用。     

基于癌症基因组图谱筛查卵巢浆液性囊腺癌相关基因

目的:利用全基因组表达谱芯片筛查与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌发生相关的基因,对在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌发生过程中可能参与的基因间的信号转导通路进行分析。方法:选取癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库中卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的Affymetrix Gene Chip Human Exon 1.0 ST Array数据共16张,分别为卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组8张和正常组8张,筛选出差异表达基因,并进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)分析和信号通路分析,构建卵巢浆液性囊腺癌相关基因间的信号转导通路,分析网络中具有重要作用的基因。结果:共筛选出1 144个在卵巢癌中差异表达的基因,其中表达上调的基因有747个,表达下调的基因有397个。GO分析得到上调差异基因的显著性功能分析结果362项,下调差异基因的显著性功能分析结果 160项(P0.05)。其中包括与肿瘤发生相关的基因功能有细胞周期、DNA复制、细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、细胞黏附等。信号通路分析得到45个显著上调信号通路和14个显著下调信号通路(P0.05)。其中参与肿瘤发生相关的信号通路主要有细胞周期、P53信号通路、DNA复制、肿瘤中的信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路、ECM-receptor信号通路、细胞黏附因子、细胞凋亡等。挑选显著性基因功能和信号通路分析的交集基因229个,构建显著性GO与信号通路基因间信号转导网络。分析发现CDK1、PLK1、MCM3和PGK1这4个基因在卵巢癌的基因调控网络中具有重要作用。结论:卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中有大量差异表达基因,差异表达的基因在多个与肿瘤发生密切相关的信号通路中发挥重要的调控作用。     

PSMA基因沉默的前列腺癌细胞中肿瘤转移相关基因表达的芯片分析

目的: 探讨前列腺特异性膜抗原(prostate-specific membrane antigen, PSMA)在前列腺癌转移过程中的作用通路。方法: 针对PSMA mRNA序列设计合成siRNA序列,脂质体转染LNCaP细胞特异性下调PSMA基因的表达,通过肿瘤转移基因芯片分析84个肿瘤转移相关基因的表达差异。结果: 成功设计了siRNA序列并制备最佳干扰效果的干扰样,mRNA干扰效果达到75%以上,蛋白水平干扰效果达68%以上。通过基因芯片检测发现在下调PSMA基因表达后,有CDH6、CXCL12等10个基因发生了显著上调,而CCL7、MDM2等4个基因发生显著下调表达。结论: 初步发现PSMA参与前列腺癌转移信号通路的调节,为进一步研究PSMA的生物学功能,探索前列腺癌的转移机制奠定了基础。     

靶向性表皮生长因子受体siRNA表达载体的构建和表达

目的构建靶向性表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR)的小分子干扰RNA(small interfering RNA，siRNA)表达载体并在TJ905人脑恶性胶质瘤细胞系表达。方法在人EGFR细胞外区受体结合结构域和细胞内区酪氨酸激酶结构域各选择1个siRNA靶序列、进行了psiRNA—NeoG2表达载体的构建，进而以反义EGFR表达载体P—anti—hEGFR为对照进行了脂质体介导的TJ905人脑恶性胶质瘤细胞系表达。应用免疫荧光和蛋白印迹检测EGFR的表达。结果成功构建以psiRNA—NeoG2为载体的siRNA表达质粒，并分别使其在稳定转染TJ905细胞后EGFR表达下调90％和92％；反义EGFR表达载体P—anti—hEGFR使EGFR表达下调82％。结论靶向EGFR的siRNA表达载体可以特异性地抑制EGFR的表达，可以成为胶质瘤靶向性EGFR基因治疗的一种新策略。     

Regulation of WNT signaling molecules by retinoic acid during neuronal differentiation in NT2 cells: threshold model of WNT action (review)

NT2/NTera2 cells, derived from human embryonal tumor, differentiate into neuronal cells after treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). We have cloned and characterized 13 out of 19 human WNT genes, and also 9 out of 10 human Frizzled (FZD) genes encoding seven-transmembrane-type WNT receptors, which are potent targets for pharmacogenomics in the post-genomic era, especially in the field of regenerative medicine and clinical oncology. Because WNT signals are implicated in morphogenesis of neural tissues, regulation of 19 WNT genes and 10 FZD genes during the early phase of neuronal differentiation in NT2 cells is reviewed. Multiple WNTs and FZDs are expressed in NT2 cells. WNT2B/WNT13 gene encode 2 isoforms due to alternative splicing of alternative promoter type, and WNT2B isoform 2 (WNT2B2) rather than WNT2B isoform 1 (WNT2B1) is expressed in NT2 cells. WNT3A, WNT8A, WNT8B, WNT10B and WNT11 are down-regulated in NT2 cells after ATRA treatment, while WNT2, WNT7B and WNT14B are up-regulated. FZD4 and FZD10 are up-regulated in NT2 cells after ATRA treatment. Expression of multiple WNT signaling molecules are dramatically changed during the early phase of neuronal differentiation in NT2 cells. Each WNT activates the beta-catenin - TCF pathway, the JNK pathway or the Ca2+-releasing pathway in NT2 cells, and summed effects of multiple WNTs might determine the fate of NT2 cells (self-renewal or differentiation) through switching intracellular WNT signaling pathways. The author proposes the threshold model of WNT action.     

联合应用激光捕获显微切割与基因芯片技术筛选肝细胞癌差异表达基因

目的 联合应用激光捕获显微切割与基因芯片技术构建纯化肝细胞癌(HCC)组织和正常肝组织基因表达谱,筛选HCC发病相关基因.方法 4例HCC标本先行激光捕获显微切割,分别获取纯化肝癌细胞和正常肝细胞各4对样本.提取微量RNA,经线性扩增后再与全基因组基因芯片杂交,筛选差异表达基因.结果 4对样本间纯化肝癌细胞与正常肝细胞共同差异表达的基因有1361条,上调基因607条,下调基因754条.前10位显著上调和下调的差异表达基因(共20条)中,5条为HCC已知差异表达基因(信号比值为23.2529、27.372 9、0.014 8、0.019 7、0.019 8);11条表达变化与其他肿瘤研究报道一致(信号比值为32.694 9、28.480 9、23.703 0、21.342 3、19.109 3、17.291 9、0.009 8、0.012 5、0.015 8、0.016 1、0.016 5);4条为在HCC和(或)其他肿瘤中均无报道过的差异表达基因(信号比值为24.676 1、22.072 2、0.009 7、0.019 1).结论 联合应用激光捕获显微切割与基因芯片技术,可准确、高效地筛选出HCC差异表达基因.     

Preliminary screening of fluorine-stained osteoblastic apoptosis-related microRNA

Endemic fluorosis is a chronic systemic disease that seriously endangers human health. In high fluoride areas, people consume excessive fluoride for a long time through drinking water or food, which leads to chronic cumulative fluorosis in the body. Fluorosis can cause changes in the expression of some miRNA in cells, and the miRNA can participate in fluoride-induced osteoblast activation through various signal pathways. To observe the differential expression of apoptosis-related microRNA (miRNA) in mouse osteoblasts under the action of excessive fluoride. Primary cultured mouse osteoblasts, identified by osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, were treated with 20 mg/L sodium fluoride and 40 mg/L sodium fluoride for 12/24 hr, respectively, to establish the fluoride staining model for comparing and analyzing the sequence of miRNA among groups by bioinformatics methods; four miRNA chains were verified by fluorescence quantitative PCR. After treatment with 20 mg/L sodium fluoride for 12 hr and 24 hr, 128 miRNA expressions were up-regulated while 36 miRNA expressions were down-regulated. In Group 40 mg/L, 130 miRNA expressions were up-regulated while 29 miRNA expressions were down-regulated after 12 hr and 24 hr; 72 miRNA were up-regulated and 2 miRNA were down-regulated at the two time points. 10 up-regulated miRNA and 2 down-regulated miRNA with higher scores in Bioinformatics software were analyzed the target genes. Fluorescence quantitative PCR verified that the expressions of four miRNA were up-regulated. Target gene analysis of the 10 selected mouse osteoblastic apoptosis-related miRNA reveals their involvement of the functions of inhibiting or promoting apoptosis, which has certain theoretical significance for early identification of skeletal fluorosis. The involved signaling pathways include the Wnt signaling pathway, ubiquitin-regulated proteolysis, Toll signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, pluripotent stem cell signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositide metabolism, FoxO signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, autophagy, and so forth.