情绪启动对大学生内隐和外显记忆影响的心境一致性记忆效应

Objective To investigate the different effect of positive and negative emotion induced by film clips on explicit and implicit memory,and whether there is mood congruency effect. Methods Thirty participants who were randomly assigned to three experimental groups were investigated. They were exposed in different film clips and then worked on memory task. After each emotional condition,the 5-point Self Assessment Scale was registered , Buchner's processing dissociation corrected model was employed to separate explicit and implicit memory. Results (1) The emotion arousal level of different films is significantly different, the scores of negative film and positive film were more than that of neutral film( (3.24 ± 1.02),(2.85 ± 1.35),(1.12 ± 1.42) , P＜0.01) ; the scores of emotional valence of positive,negative and neutral priming condition were (4. 10 ±0. 20), (3. 60 ± 0.22) and (3.20 ±0. 97), and there was a significant difference between emotion priming conditions (F(2,27) = 46.81, P＜ 0. 01). (2) There was a significant difference among different emotion priming conditions in R (F(2,87) = 30.129, P＜0.05) .and there was no significant difference among different emotion priming conditions in A. (3) In R,there was a main effect in emotional words(F(2,81) = 10.516, P＜0.05) ,the R scores of neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words(P＜0.01) ,there was a main effect in emotion priming conditions(F (2,81) =10.516, P＜0.05) ,the R scores of positive emotion priming group and neutral emotion priming group were significantly higher than those of negative emotion priming group (P＜0.05). There was an interaction of emotional words and emotion priming conditions(F(4,81) = 10.640, P ＜ 0.01). Under positive emotion priming condition, the R scores of positive and neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words (P＜0.05);under negative emotion priming condition, the R scores of negative words were significantly higher than those of positive words (P ＜0.05); under neutral emotion priming condition, the R scores of positive and neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words (P＜0.05). (4) In A, the main effect of emotion priming conditions and emotional words and interaction effect between them were not significant(P＞0.05). Conclusions Explicit memory showed mood congruency memory effect,but implicit memory,neither the positive emotion priming group nor the negative emotion priming group exhibited mood congruency memory effect.     

Effects of Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor on Fibrovascular Ingrowth into Rabbit＇s Hydroxyapatite Orbital Implant

The effects of different concentrations of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) on the fibrovascular ingrowth into rabbits hydroxyapatite orbital implant were investigated. Twelve New Zealand white i‘abbits were divided into 3 groups and received hydroxyapatite orbital implant surgery in their right eyes. Before and after the operation, the implants were treated with I0 ng/ml VEGF, 100 ng/ml VEGF, or normal saline as control group. The animals received technetium bones scan at 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively. The mean radioactivity counts within region of interest (ROI) of the surgery eye (R) and the non-surgery eye (L) in the same animal were tested,and the R/L ratios were calculated. The implants were harvested at 6th weeks and examined histopathologically. The results showed that at second week, there was no significant difference in mean R/L ratios between VEGF group and control group (F=2.83, P=0. 111); At 4th week (F=7. 728, P=0. 011) and 6th week (F=7. 831, P=0. 011) postoperatively, the mean ratios in VEGF groups were significantly higher than that in control group. At 6th week postoperatively,the fibrovascularization rates in VEGF groups were higher than in control group significantly (F=8. 711, P=0. 008). It was suggested that VEGF could promote the fibrovascular ingrowth into hydroxyapatite orbital implant, thus might shorten the time required for complete vascularization of the HA orbital implant.     

网络游戏成瘾患者注意定向的行为学研究

目的 探讨游戏经验对网络游戏成瘾者注意定向的影响.方法 采用改良的注意网络测试范式对17名网络游戏成瘾者进行测试,分析成瘾者的相应行为学表现.结果 1.网瘾组与对照组在有效和无效两种提示线索条件下的平均反应时(RTs)分别为[(614.27 ±85.25)ms,(645.46 ±80.24)ms],[(710.24 ±131.42)ms,(765.53 ±142.53)ms].组内平均RTs差异具有显著性(P<0.05);组间平均RTs差异具有显著性(P<0.01).2.网瘾组在3个提示线索水平上的RTs[网络游戏图片(643.65 ±90.82)ms,中性面孔图片(616.73 ±82.19)ms,中性风景图片(629.21 ±78.20)ms],短于对照组[网络游戏图片(744.54 ±140.42)ms,中性面孔图片(727.98 ±142.26)ms,中性风景图片(741.13 ±138.21)ms],差异具有显著性(P<0.05).3.网瘾组在三个提示线索图片水平上RTs从有效提示[网络游戏图片(619.02±91.00)ms,中性面孔图片(604.90 ±90.71)ms,中性风景图片(618.87 ±77.85)ms]至无效提示[网络游戏图片(668.28 ±86.27)ms,中性面孔图片(628.56 ±73.53)ms,中性风景图片(639.54 ±79.54)ms]的变化趋势(斜率)差异具有显著性(P<0.05).结论 网络游戏成瘾者在外源性和内源性注意定向两方面同时提升,其中内源性注意能力的提升权重可能大于外源性注意.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the facilitative mechanism of the behavioral improvement resulting from gaming experience in internet gaming addicts. Methods Seventeen gaming addicts and twenty normal subjects were involved in the study, and their behavioral performance were evaluated by using the revised paradigm of event-related design. Results 1. Mean reaction times (RTs) under valid and invalid cue conditions were ( (614.27 ± 85.25)ms,(645.4±80.24)ms)and ((710.24 ± 131.42)ms,(765.53 ± 142. 53)ms) respectively. There were statistically significant differences of mean RTs within each group (P < 0. 05 ) and between the two groups (P < 0.01 ). 2. There were statistically significant differences of mean RTs on three cue levels between addiction group (online game picture(643.65 ±90.82) ms,neutral face picture(616. 73 ±82. 19)ms,neutral picture(629. 21 ± 78.20)ms) and control group(game picture (744. 54 ± 140. 42) ms, neutral face picture ( 727. 98 ± 142.26)ms, neutral picture(741. 13 ±138. 21)ms, P<0.05).3. There were statistically significant differences on trends of mean RTs on three cue levels of addiction group between valid cue condition ( online game picture (619. 02 ± 91.00) ms,neutral face picture (604.90 ±90. 71 )ms,neutral picture (618.87 ±77.85)ms) and invalid cue con-dition( online game picture ( 668. 28 ± 86. 27 ) ms, neutral face picture ( 628. 56 ± 73. 53 ) ms, neutral picture (639.54 ±79. 54) ms, P<0. 05). Conclusion Both exogenous and endogenous attention orientation are improved in internet gaming addicts. Enhancement of endogenous attention function resulting from gaming experience might be greater than that of exogenous attention.     

卡通表情自动加工的失匹配负波研究

Objective To investigate the mechanism of automatic processing of cartoon facial expressions by using event-related potential(ERP).Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers (7 males and 9 females) were recruited for this study.The subjects were instructed to mentally count green faces (targets) and ignore the red ones (non-targets) including standard neutral expressions and deviant emotional expressions.Thirty two channels electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded by Neuroscan Nuamps System.The amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN) were analyzed.Results (1) MMN1:the amplitudes were(-0.570 ± 0.076) μV (TP7/TP8),(-0.840 ±0.119) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.199 ±0.105)μV(T5/T6) ,(-1.184 ±0.102)μV(O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of site (F(3,45) = 8.340, P ＜ 0.05 ) and an interaction of orientation × hemisphere (F(1,15) =11.977, P＜0.05).( 2 ) MMN2: the amplitudes were (-0.469 ± 0.126 ) μV ( TP7/TP8 ), (-1.014 ± 0.255 ) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.071 ±0.182)μV(T5/T6), (-0.915 ±0.178)μV (O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of orientation (F(1,15) = 7.232, P ＜ 0.05 ) and interactions of orientation × type (F(1,15) = 6.458, P ＜ 0.05 )and orientation × hemisphere(F(1,15) = 11.907, P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Cartoon emotional faces elicit expressionrelated MMN indexing automatic processing.The MMN amplitude is right-lateralized and larger for negative than positive expression.     

卡通表情自动加工的失匹配负波研究

Objective To investigate the mechanism of automatic processing of cartoon facial expressions by using event-related potential(ERP).Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers (7 males and 9 females) were recruited for this study.The subjects were instructed to mentally count green faces (targets) and ignore the red ones (non-targets) including standard neutral expressions and deviant emotional expressions.Thirty two channels electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded by Neuroscan Nuamps System.The amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN) were analyzed.Results (1) MMN1:the amplitudes were(-0.570 ± 0.076) μV (TP7/TP8),(-0.840 ±0.119) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.199 ±0.105)μV(T5/T6) ,(-1.184 ±0.102)μV(O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of site (F(3,45) = 8.340, P ＜ 0.05 ) and an interaction of orientation × hemisphere (F(1,15) =11.977, P＜0.05).( 2 ) MMN2: the amplitudes were (-0.469 ± 0.126 ) μV ( TP7/TP8 ), (-1.014 ± 0.255 ) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.071 ±0.182)μV(T5/T6), (-0.915 ±0.178)μV (O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of orientation (F(1,15) = 7.232, P ＜ 0.05 ) and interactions of orientation × type (F(1,15) = 6.458, P ＜ 0.05 )and orientation × hemisphere(F(1,15) = 11.907, P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Cartoon emotional faces elicit expressionrelated MMN indexing automatic processing.The MMN amplitude is right-lateralized and larger for negative than positive expression.     

An Experimental Study on the Optimal Timing for the Repair of Incomplete Facial Paralysis by Hypoglossal-facial ‘Side'-to-side Neurorrhaphy in Rats

Objective To investigate the optimal timing for the repair of persistent incomplete facial paralysis by hypoglossal-facial ‘side'-to-side neurorrhaphy in rats. Methods A total of 30 adult rats with crushed and bulldog-clamped facial nerve injury were randomly divided into 5 groups(n = 6 each) that were subjected to injury without nerve repair or with immediate repair, 2-week-delayed repair, 4-week-delayed repair, or 8-week-delayed repair. Three months later, the effects of repair in each rat were evaluated by facial symmetry assessment, electrophysiological examination, retrograde labeling, and axon regeneration measurement. Results At 3 months after injury, the alpha angle significantly increased in the group of rats with 4-week-delayed repair compared with the other four groups. Upon stimulation of the facial nerve or Pre degenerated nerve, the muscle action potentials MAPs were recorded in the whisker pad muscle, and the MAP amplitude and area under the curve in the 4-week-delayed repair group were significantly augmented at 3 months post-injury. Similarly, the number of retrograde-labeled motor neurons in the facial and hypoglossal nuclei was quantified to be significantly greater in the 4-week-delayed repair group than in the other groups, and a large number of regenerated axons was also observed. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that hemi HN-FN neurorrhaphy performed 4 weeks after facial nerve injury was most effective in terms of the functional recovery of axonal regeneration and activation of facial muscles.     

Retraction: Prognostic analysis of transarterial chemoembolization combined with a traditional Chinese herbal medicine formula for treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Background  The most important objective of transplant studies in the injured spinal cord has been to provide a favorable environment for axonal growth. Moreover, the continuing discovery of new grafts is providing new potentially interesting transplant candidates. Our purpose was to observe the morphological and functional repair effects of the co-transplantation of neural stem cell (NSC), Schwann cells (SCs) and poly lactide-co-glycolide acid (PLGA) on the spinal cord injury of rats.

Methods  A scaffold of PLGA was fabricated. NSCs and SCs were cultured, with the NSCs labeled with 5-bromodeoxyuridine, and the complex of NSC/PLGA or NSC+SCs/PLGA were constructed. Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: group A (transplantation of PLGA), group B (transplantation of NSC/PLGA) and group C (transplantation of NSC+SCs/PLGA). The 3 mm length of the right hemicord was removed under the microscope in all rats. The PLGA or the complex of PLGA-cells were implanted into the injury site. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion scores, motor and somatosensory evoked potential of lower limbs were examined to learn the rehabilitation of sensory and motor function at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after injury. All the recovered spinal cord injury (SCI) tissues were observed with HE staining, immunohistochemistry, and transelectronmicroscopy to identify the survival, migration and differentiation of the transplanted cells and the regeneration of neural fibres at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks after injury.

Results  (1) From 4 weeks to 24 weeks after injury, the BBB locomotion scores of cell-transplanted groups were better than those of the non-cell-transplanted group, especially group C (P <0.05). The amplitudes of the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and motor-evoked potential (MEP) were improved after injury in groups B and C, but the amplitude of SEP and MEP at 4 weeks was lower than that at 12 weeks and 24 weeks after injury. Compared with group B, the amplitude of SEP and MEP in group C was improved. The amplitude of SEP and MEP was not improved after injury in group A. (2) HE staining revealed the volume of the scaffold decreased and the number of cells in the scaffold increased. Newly-grown capillaries also could be seen. Immunohistochemistry staining showed the transplanted NSCs could survive and migrate until 24 weeks and they could differentiate into neurons and oligodendrocytes. The regenerated axons were observed in the scaffold-cell complex with transelectronmicroscopy. The above manifestations were more extensive in group C.

Conclusions  The transplanted NSC can survive and migrate in the spinal cord of rats up to 24 weeks after injury, and they can differentiate into various neural cells. Co-transplantation of cells/PLGA can promote the functional recovery of the injured spinal cord. The effect of co-transplanting NSC+SCs/PLGA is better than transplanting NSC/PLGA alone.

     

Effects of subconvulsive electrical stimulation to the hippocampus on emotionality and spatial learning and memory in rats

Objective To observe the effects of repeated subconvulsive electrical stimuli to the hippocampus on the emotional behavior and spatial learning and memory ability in rats.Methods One hundred and eight male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups. Animals in group SE (n=42) were given subconvulsive electrical stimulation to the hippocampus through a constant pulsating current of 100 μA with an intratrain frequency of 25 Hz, pulse duration of 1 millisecond, train duration of 10 seconds and interstimulus interval of 7 minutes, 8 times a day, for 5 days. In the electrode control group or CE group (n=33), animals were implanted with an electrode in the hippocampus, but were not stimulated. Group NC (n=33) animals received no electrode or any stimulation. The emotional behavior of experimental rats was examined by activity in an unfamiliar open field and resistance to capture from the open field, while the spatial learning and memory ability was measured during training in a Morris water maze.Results The stimulated rats tested 1 month after the last round of stimulation displayed substantial decreases in open field activity (scale: 10.4±2.3, P&lt;0.05) and increases in resistance to capture (scale: 2.85±0.56, P&lt;0.01). The amount of time for rats in group SE to find the platform (latency) as a measurement for spatial bias was prolonged (29±7) seconds after 15 trials in the water maze, P&lt;0.05). The experimental rats swam aimlessly in all four pool quadrants during the probe trial in the Morris water maze.Conclusions Following repeated subconvulsive electrical stimuli to the hippocampus, rats displayed long-lasting significant abnormalities in emotional behavior, increased anxiety and defensiveness, enhanced ease to and delayed habituation to startlement, transitory spatial learning and memory disorder, which parallels many of the symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder patients.     

Effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin E-2 and arachidonic acid in rats with senile dementia

Objective To investigate the mechanism of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in senile dementi-a. Methods The normal 15 months old Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control,model group andre-cape latency time and mistaken times were evaluated by using the step down test. The content of serum PGE2 and urachidonic acid(AA),EPA and DHA of cerebral tissue in rats were detected. Results The lingeringly latency and error times were ( 264.83±16.99) s and (4.8±1.7) times in control group, ( 189.26±31.42)s and ( 9.6± 2.2) times in model group, (230.88±29.35) s and (7.3±2.2) times in treatment group, respectively. Differences in three groups were very significantly by analyses of variance(F=20.114, F=13.638, P=0.000). Compared with model group, control group and treatment group had lingeringly latency(LSD-t=6.332,P=0.000 and LSD-t =3.987, P=0.002, respectively) and less error times (LSD-t=5.221, P=0.000 and LSD-t=3.502, P= 0.019,respectively). Serum PGE2 were in control group, model group and treatment group were very significantly by analyses of variance(F=6.851 , P=0.004). Compared with model group,control group had less serum PGE2 (LSD-t=3.684, P=0.001 ). Compared with model group,ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids chould decrease serum PGE2( LSD-t=2.152, P=0.041 ). AA, EPA and DHA of cerebral tissue in control group, in model group, in treatment group, respectively. Differences in three groups were very significantly by analyses of variance (F=5.538, P=0.010, F=4.240, P=0.025, F=4.633, P=0.019). Compared with model group,ω-3 polyunsaturat-ed fatty acids could decrease A A(LSD-t=2.273, P=0.031) and increase EPA and D HA (LSD-t=2.428, P= 0.022,LSD-t=2.520, P=0.018,respectively). Conclusions ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can improve learning-memory function in rats,change the proportion of AA,EPA and DHA in cerebral tissue and prevent senile dementia.     

艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍的临床研究

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍的临床疗效与安全性。方法将50例惊恐障碍患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组25例和帕罗西汀组25例进行治疗,疗程为8周,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评定疗效,以不良反应量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果治疗后两组HAMA和HAMD分值均显著降低,在治疗第1周、第2周末时艾司西酞普兰组评分显著低于帕罗西汀组（P〈0.05）,在4、68、周时两组减分率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。TESS评分两组在治疗期间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。艾司西酞普兰组、帕罗西汀组治疗惊恐障碍疗效分别为92%8、8%。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍患者起效快、疗效好、不良反应少。     

艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀治疗惊恐障碍对照研究

目的:研究艾司西酞普兰和帕罗西汀治疗惊恐障碍的有效性和安全性。方法:55例惊恐障碍患者随机分入艾司西酞普兰组与帕罗西汀组治疗10周,在治疗前和治疗期间隔周测定惊恐症状评定量表(PASS)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及每周发作次数,以治疗中出现的症状量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果:艾司西酞普兰组有效率为96.2%,帕罗西汀组为92.3%,二药相近。两组患者在治疗10周PASS、HAMA的减分率差异无显著性。艾司西酞普兰组的起效时间快于帕罗西汀组,差异具有显著性(P<0.01)。两组患者均有良好的耐受性。结论:艾司西酞普兰是一种起效快、疗效好、安全性高的治疗惊恐障碍的药物。     

惊恐障碍患者抑制性控制缺陷的事件相关电位研究

目的 探讨惊恐障碍患者抑制性控制缺陷的神经电生理机制.方法 采用视觉事件相关电位Go/Nogo实验方式,对16例惊恐障碍患者(PD)和13名健康对照(NC)进行研究.任务为随机出现的等概率双英文字母和单英文字母,要求被试者对双英文字母进行按键反应(Go),单英文字母不按键(Nogo),记录行为学数据和32导脑电数据.结果 惊恐障碍患者和止常对照组均产生了明显的额中央区Nogo-N2(PD组:F1,30=8.00,P=0.08;NC组:F1,24=4.60,P=0.042)和Nogo-P3效应(PD组:F1,30=7.85,P=0.09;NC组:F1,24=13.57,P=0.000),但是惊恐障碍患者的Nogo-N2和Nogo-P3波幅明显低于正常对照组(Fz:F=9.135,P=0.005;F=8.511,P=0.006),潜伏期差异无统计学意义.结论 惊恐障碍患者脑信息加工过程特定时间窗抑制性控制障碍,为进一步揭示惊恐障碍的发病机制提供了新的脑电生理证据.     

艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀治疗惊恐障碍对照研究

目的探讨艾司西酞普兰与帕罗西汀对惊恐障碍患者的疗效及不良反应。方法将78例惊恐障碍患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组和帕罗西汀组,疗程8周,并用汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、抗抑郁药的不良反应评定量表（SERS）对患者治疗前后进行评估。结果在治疗的第1周、第2周末艾司西酞普兰组的HAMA分值均低于对照组,而在4,6,8周末,两组患者的HAMA分值差异无统计学意义。在治疗8周末时,艾司西酞普兰组治愈率为65．7％,有效率为88．6％,帕罗西汀组分别为66．7％、88．9％,两组差异无统计意义。在不良反应方面,两组差异无统计意义。结论艾司西酞普兰治疗惊恐障碍疗效与帕罗西汀相当,不良反应无明显差异。     

注意缺陷多动障碍患儿面孔表情加工电位研究

目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿面孔表情加工成分的特征。方法收集符合DSM-IV诊断标准ADHD患儿35例及与其性别、年龄匹配的正常儿童35例作为对照组,比较两组在高兴、中性、愤怒、恐惧4种表情面孔的视觉刺激下,枕、颞区P100及N170波幅差异。结果ADHD组在各种面孔刺激下,两侧枕区P100波幅低于对照组,两侧枕、颞区N170波幅低于对照组;ADHD组组内比较各种表情刺激下P100及N170波幅无明显差异,而对照组组内左枕区P100波幅由高兴、愤怒、恐惧面孔诱发明显高于中性面孔,左颞区N170波幅由恐惧面孔诱发明显高于中性面孔。结论ADHD患儿对不同面孔表情的加工均有减弱,P100波幅分析提示ADHD患儿在早期情绪无意识加工过程中失去对正性及负性面孔的注意偏向,N170波幅分析提示ADHD患者对恐惧面孔特征的识别异常。     

艾司西酞普兰联合认知行为治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍患者的临床研究及生活质量观察

目的：探讨艾司西酞普兰联合认知行为治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍患者临床研究。方法：选择我院于2017年5月至2019年5月期间收治的广泛性焦虑障碍患者98例,采用随机数字表法随机分为对照组49例与观察组49例。对照组患者采用认知行为治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上结合艾司西酞普兰治疗。两组疗程均为8周。比较两组治疗疗效,治疗前后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、功能大体评定量表(GAF)评分和生活质量量表(QOL)评分变化。结果：观察组总有效率(93.88%)高于对照组(71.43%)(P<0.05)。两组治疗后HAMA评分和SAS评分较治疗前降低(观察组：t=41.805、22.382,对照组：t=29.026、20.225,P<0.05);观察组治疗后HAMA评分和SAS评分低于对照组(t=12.441、7.897,P<0.05)。两组治疗后GAF评分较治疗前增加(观察组：t=33.597,对照组：t=16.166,P<0.05);观察组治疗后GAF评分高于对照组(t=10.880,P<0.05)。两组治疗后QOL量表评分较治疗前增加(观察组：t=11.249、16.045、11.758、12.823,对照组：t=10.228、10.627、7.176、7.051,P<0.05);观察组治疗后QOL量表评分高于对照组(t=7.258、6.896、5.616、4.739,P<0.05)。结论：艾司西酞普兰联合认知行为治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍患者临床疗效良好,可明显减轻患者焦虑障碍,且可改善患者生活质量,值得临床借鉴。     

自杀意念大学生对情绪信息的注意偏向研究

目的探究自杀意念大学生在注意偏向上是否存在情绪干扰。方法采用大学生人格问卷(UPI)和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)相关题目结合结构式访谈对4 669名大学生进行筛查,抽取其中一部分有自杀意念大学生(自杀意念组,n=32)及正常大学生(对照组,n=32)使用情绪图词Stroop实验范式,考察有自杀意念大学生和正常大学生对情绪信息的注意偏向。结果 2组被试的反应时间比较差异有统计学意义(F=5.76,P<0.05)。自杀意念组大学生对情绪词语有更加突出的反应延迟特点(F=8.20,P<0.01);自杀意念组大学生在图词一致时反应时间与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),图词不一致时,反应时间显著长于对照组(t=3.70,P<0.01)。结论有自杀意念大学生与正常大学生相比,表现出了明显的情绪干扰,且具有更多的负性认知偏向。有自杀意念大学生在图词不一致的情况下有更多的反应延迟存在。     

唤醒度在情绪Stroop效应中的作用

目的 探究情绪的唤醒度在情绪Stroop效应中的作用.方法 通过网上发帖的形式招募27名在校大学生,比较不同情绪条件下,被试对图片的颜色判别任务的反应时和正确率.结果 ①被试在不同图片内容条件下反应时的主效应达到显著(F(5.130)=5.90,P＜0.01),正性图片[(893±36)ms]和负性图片[(866±36)ms]条件下的反应时都比中性[(828±43)ms]条件下长;②被试在不同图片内容条件下正确率的主效应达到临界显著(F(5.130)=2.63,P=0.05),负性高唤醒图片条件下的正确率(0.92±0.03)低于颜色方块条件下的正确率(0.95±0.02);③愉悦度的主效应在反应时上显著(F(1.26)=7.03,P=0.013),正性图片的反应时[(893±36)ms]大于负性图片的反应时[(866±36)ms];④唤醒度的主效应在正确率上显著(F(1.26)=5.63,P=0.025),高唤醒图片的正确率(0.93±0.17)小于低唤醒图片的正确率(0.95±0.09).结论 情绪Stroop效应可能更多地受到情绪刺激的唤醒度的影响.     

艾司西酞普兰和氟西汀治疗首发抑郁症临床疗效及认知功能影响的比较

目的 比较艾司西酞普兰和氟西汀对抑郁症治疗的临床疗效及对抑郁症患者认知功能的影响.方法 将60例抑郁症患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组(30例)和氟西汀组(30例),进行临床对照试验,两组药物治疗量分别为10～20 mg/d,20～40 mg/d,疗程8周.采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD17)、临床整体量表-疗效总评估量表(CGI-SI)为疗效指标,以词汇流畅性测验和威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评定患者认知功能,不良反应症状量表(TESS)为不良反应指标.结果 第1周艾司西酞普兰组有效率为20.00% 显著高于氟西汀组有效率(3.33%)(χ2=4.04,P <0.05).第8周治疗结束时艾司西酞普兰组有效率为73.33%,氟西汀组有效率为70.00%,两组疗效差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.08,P >0.05);在治疗第8周时与基线评分相比,两组在词汇流畅性测验和WCST的总测验次数、持续错误数和随机错误数中的评分均有改善,差异具有显著性( t =1.70～6.00, P <0.05),在WCST的正确数和分类数的评分改善不明显,差异无统计学意义( t =0.29～0.66, 均P >0.05).两组之间在词汇流畅性测验和WCST各项改善间的比较,差异无统计学意义( t =0.02～0.49,均P >0.05);两组与药物相关的不良反应出现频率的差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.07,P >0.05).结论 艾司西酞普兰和氟西汀治疗抑郁症疗效相当,均能部分缓解抑郁伴发的认知功能障碍,且副作用较小、安全性好,但艾司西酞普兰起效更快,有利于迅速缓解患者症状.     

艾司西酞普兰治疗社交焦虑症的临床观察

目的研究艾司西酞普兰和舍曲林治疗社交焦虑症的有效性和安全性。方法将52例社交焦虑症患者随机分为艾司西酞普兰组与舍曲林组,每组24例,治疗8周,在治疗前和治疗期间采用Liebowitz社交焦虑量表（LSAS）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）来评定疗效,不良反应症状量表（TESS）来评价药物不良反应。结果艾司西酞普兰组有效率为87．5％,舍曲林组为83．3％,两药疗效相近。LSAS、HAMA减分率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。艾司西酞普兰组的起效时间快于舍曲林组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者均有良好的耐受性。结论艾司西酞普兰是一种起效快、疗效好、安全性高的治疗社交焦虑症的药物。