人可溶性CD83基因的克隆、原核表达和纯化

目的:构建人可溶性CD83基因原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中表达和纯化.方法:利用反转录PCR方法从正常人外周血单个核细胞中获得可溶性CD83基因,克隆到表达载体pET-32a载体,构成重组质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导表达6×His融合蛋白,并经SDS-PAGE及Western blot检测和鉴定.表达产物包涵体经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化.结果:经酶切鉴定及测序证实可溶性CD83蛋白基因的原核表达载体构建正确.经SDS-PAGE及Western blot显示在M,约32 000处出现融合表达条带.融合蛋白的表达量约占菌体蛋白总量的45%.重组蛋白经Ni-NTA亲和层析进行纯化后,得到了高纯度的融合蛋白.结论:成功克隆人外周血单个核细胞来源的可溶性CD83基因片段,并在大肠杆菌B121(DE3)中高效表达,亲和层析纯化后获得高纯度融合蛋白.     

人Era蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效表达及其纯化

目的 在大肠杆菌中对人era基因（简称hera)进行表达、纯化。方法 PCR扩增hera基因,测序正确后克隆入大肠杆菌融合表达载体pRSET-C,重组质粒pRSETC-hera以大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）为宿主菌,用IPTG进行诱导表达。然后利用亲和层析的方法对表达蛋白进行纯化。结果 克隆了hera基因,测序正确;利用pRSET-C载体在大肠杆菌中融合表达了全长hera-cDNA基因,表达量占细菌总蛋白的59．6％。融合蛋白在菌体内主要以包涵体形成存在,在变性条件下用Ni-NTA亲和色谱柱纯化此融合蛋白,其纯度达到了98．0％。结论 利用基因重组技术在大肠杆菌中高表达了hera基因。并对融合蛋白进行了初步纯化。     

人源胸腺素α原和白介素2融合蛋白的基因克隆与原核表达

目的克隆人胸腺素α原/白介素2融合基因,构建其原核表达载体并在大肠杆菌系统中有效表达。方法采用RT-PCR方法,从人白血病细胞和人T淋巴细胞中分别扩增得到胸腺素α原/白介素2基因,利用基因重组技术将融合基因片段重组于pET42a原核表达载体上,构建成pET42a-PI。经酶切、测序鉴定后,将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌Rosseta,IPTG诱导蛋白表达。表达产物经离子交换和分子筛纯化后进行Western blot分析,通过人外周血单核细胞玫瑰花结实验对融合蛋白进行了初步的活性测定。结果凝胶电泳显示PCR产物的长度约750 bp,测序结果表明,扩增片段与预期序列一致。重组菌在IPTG诱导下表达相对分子质量为28 kDa的蛋白,纯化后的融合蛋白能提高人外周血单核细胞玫瑰花结形成率,表明具有一定活性。结论成功克隆和构建了人胸腺素α原/白介素2融合基因的原核表达载体,并在原核表达系统中得到有效表达。     

人白细胞介素17cDNA的克隆及表达

目的 获取重组的人白细胞介素17以进行科学研究和应用。方法 应用RT－PCR的方法，从经PHA活化的人外周血单个核细胞中扩增hIL-17cDNA的编码序列，将其克隆至测序载体pBS SKⅡ（ ）中进行测序，再将其亚克隆至表达载体pBV220中，在大肠杆菌XL1－Blue中进行表达。结果 克隆获得了hIL-17cDNA，经热诱导后使hIL-17蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达量达到了39．7％。结论 通过克隆hIL-17cDNA的编码序列及热诱导使hIL-17蛋白在大肠杆菌中得到了高效表达。     

人高迁移率族蛋白1基因的克隆和表达

目的：克隆人高迁移率族蛋白1(HMG—1)编码基因，构建重组表达载体并对其诱导表达．方法：通过RT—PCR方法扩增出人外周血单个核细胞中HMG—1的编码基因，克隆于载体pGEM—T easy，测序分析后亚克隆于表达载体pGEx—4T—2，测序证实序列正确后转化大肠杆菌DH5α，经IPTG诱导4h后可表达M，约56000的融合蛋白GST—HMGl．结果：克隆了人HMG—1的编码基因，构建了融合蛋白的重组表达质粒pGEx—HMGl，表达的融合蛋白产物经凝胶薄层扫描检测，占全菌总蛋白的0．23．结论：获得了人HMG—1编码基因及其原核表达产物，对研究人HMG—1的生物学功能及其mAb的制备具有重要意义．     

重组人TALL-1基因全长及其胞外区片段的克隆和表达

目的　获得人TALL 1基因全长及其胞外区片段 ,构建重组表达载体并对其诱导表达。方法　利用RT PCR技术从人外周血单个核细胞中扩增出TALL 1全长及其胞外区基因编码区序列 ,克隆于载体pGEX 4T 1中 ,测序证实序列正确后转化大肠杆菌BL2 1,以IPTG诱导表达 ,SDS PAGE和Westernblot分析表达产物。结果　①从人外周血单个核细胞中扩增出编码TALL 1基因全长及其胞外区片段cDNA序列 ,序列测定证实与文献报道的序列一致 ;②成功构建了GST融合表达载体pGEX 4T 1 hTALL 1和pGEX 4T 1 sTALL 1;③表达了hTALL 1 GST和sTALL 1 GST融合蛋白。结论　人TALL 1基因全长及其胞外区片段的克隆成功及融合蛋白的表达 ,为进一步探索TALL 1抗原表位打下了基础。     

Flt3配体基因原核表达载体的构建、表达、纯化及生物学活性鉴定

目的：获得人Flt3配体(FL) cDNA胞外段序列,构建表达人FL蛋白的原核重组表达载体并诱导其表达、纯化及鉴定目的蛋白。方法：提取K562细胞总RNA,利用巢式PCR技术扩增出目的cDNA序列,构建重组质粒pGEM-FL,经酶切、PCR和测序鉴定后,将rhFL基因亚克隆到原核表达质粒PQE30,构建重组表达质粒PQE30-rhFL,在大肠杆菌M15中诱导表达。用镍凝胶亲和层 析方法纯化目的蛋白,Westren blotting杂交鉴定纯化蛋白,并用造血集落形成实验检测生物学活性。结果：经测序证实,获得的目的基因与GenBank公布的FL基因序列100%一致。构建的原核表达载体PQE30-rhFL在大肠杆菌M15中经1 mmol•L^-1IPTG诱导后表达出相对分子质量为25 000的蛋白,镍柱纯化后经抗组氨酸单克隆抗体进行Westren blotting,在相对分子质量为25 000处可见特异性着色带。结论：构建了原核表达载体PQE30-rhFL,并成功诱导了rhFL蛋白的表达,通过镍凝胶亲和层析法获得纯度较高的rhFL蛋白。     

人Flt3配体基因的克隆及其在CHO细胞中的表达

目的 克隆人Flt3配体(Flt3 LIg and,FL),并在CHO细胞中进行表达.方法 从健康人外周血中提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR技术,扩增Flt3配体胞外区cDNA功能性片段,经DNA测序证实后,将得到的片段基因插入pcDNA3.0表达载体,构建了pcDNA3.0-FL真核表达载体;将重组质粒pcDNA3.0-FL转染CHO细胞,经G418筛选出阳性细胞克隆,扩大培养,提取细胞总蛋白,用SDS-PAGE分离并Western blotting检测到在相对分子质量约24 000处有一显色条带.结果 FL胞外区cDNA被正确克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.0中并在CHO细胞中成功表达.结论 成功构建了真核表达载体pcDNA3.0-FL并在CHO细胞中成功表达,为FL的相关研究和应用开发奠定了基础.     

人酪氨酸酶相关蛋白-2的cDNA克隆及表达

目的 克隆酪氨酸酶相关蛋白－2（TRP－2）编码基因，表达TRP－2蛋白。方法 从培养的人黑素细胞中提取总RNA，反转录成cDNA，通过PCR方法扩增TRP－2编码基因，克隆至pUC19载体并测序，再亚克隆至谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶（GST）融全表达载体pGEX-4T-1，转化大肠杆菌，IPTG诱导表达TRP－2／GST融合蛋白。结果 从培养的人黑素细胞中扩增出编码TRP－2的cDNA，序列测定证实与文献报道的序列一致；成功构建了GST融合表达载体pGEX-4T-1/TRP-2,表达了TRP－2／GST融合蛋白。结论 成功克隆了人TRP－2基因，构建了GST融合表达载体并表达了TRP－2／GST融合蛋白。     

人4—1BB—hIgG1Fc融合蛋白真核表达载体的构建

目的：构建人4－1BB胞膜外区-hIgG1Fc融合蛋白真核表达载体。方法：PCR扩增人4－1BB胞膜外区和hIgG1Fc基因片段，用HindⅢ、PstI酶切4－1BB胞膜外区，PstI、EcoR I酶切hIgG1Fc,HindⅢ、EcoRI酶切pCDNA3，纯化后的酶切产物经T4DNA连接酶连接，转化大肠杆菌DH5α，氨苄青霉素筛选阳性克隆，PCR及测序鉴定。结果：连接反应产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α，氨苄青霉素筛选出多个阳性克隆；分别以针对4－1BB胞膜外区和hIg1Fc的引物进行PCR扩增，电泳后观察到一558bp、708bp的特异性条带，与4－1BB胞膜外区和hIgG1Fc相符，提示构建成功。进一步测序分析证明克隆在pCDNA3质粒中的4－1BB和hIgG1Fc序列和读码框架正确，无基因突变。结论：成功构建人4－1BB胞膜外区－hIgG1Fc融合蛋白真核表达载体，为表达4－1BB融合蛋白奠定基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.