CVB3心肌炎CTL亚类TCR Vβ基因取用格局分析

目的探讨柯萨奇病毒（CVB3）心肌炎细胞毒T细胞（CTL）亚类（ACTL、VCTL、MCTL）TCR CDR3 Vβ基因取用格局。方法无菌摘取72h内新生Balb／c鼠心脏,培养单层心肌细胞并将其分为三组,分别用CVB3、放线菌素D处理和不经过任何处理;实验组制备CVB3心肌炎鼠模型,处死后将其肠系膜淋巴结制成单细胞悬液,分别加入上述三组单层心肌细胞,采用免疫吸附法获取ACTL、VCTL、MCTL,对照组鼠为正常小鼠处死后取肠系膜淋巴结制成单细胞悬液;采用MTT法对实验组ACTL、VCTL、MCTL和对照组T细胞进行细胞毒鉴定;常规进行RT-PCR,判断实验组细胞及对照组细胞的TCR Vβ基因取用格局。结果对照组T细胞表达Vβ基因全部20个家族,而实验组三类CTL的Vβ基因取用格局呈现明显的限制性,ACTL优势表达Vβ36、Vβ8．1、Vβ8．2、Vβ8．3,MCTL优势表达Vβ5．1、Vβ8．1、Vβ8．2、Vβ8．3,而VCTL优势表达Vβ7、Vβ8．1、Vβ8．2、Vβ8．3。结论CVB3心肌炎中导致心肌细胞损伤的CTL受到特异性抗原刺激后其TCR Vβ基因取用格局呈现明显的限制性。     

T淋巴细胞抗原受体的结构和功能

1 抗原受本在 T 细胞发育中的功能膜结合抗原受体在调节淋巴细胞的存活、生长和分化过程中发挥着关键性作用。原 T 细胞进入胸腺微环境后,T 细胞抗原受体(TCR)β基因首先进行重排,其重排过程具有等位排斥现象。TCRα链缺乏时,V—D—J 重排的 TCRβ链在转化的鼠胸腺细胞表面也能表达。细胞浆内的 CD_3成分保留至功能性 TCRα链重排发生时。     

肺结核患者外周血αβT细胞CDR3谱系研究

目的探讨活动性肺结核患者外周血T细胞TCRα,β链CDR3谱系漂移,为肺结核患者特异性T细胞免疫应答机制和免疫治疗研究提供基础。方法采用基因扫描谱型分析技术,分析6例正常献血员及6例活动性肺结核患者PBMC中T细胞TCR CDR3谱型分布特征及患者TCRVα和Vβ基因家族的优势取用情况,对克隆性增生T细胞CDR3区进行序列分析。结果6例正常献血员外周血中TCR 32 Vα,24Vβ家族CDR3谱型均呈高斯分布(gaussian distribution),6例活动性肺结核患者出现不同Vα和Vβ家族优势取用,对部分单/寡克隆增生T细胞α,β链CDR3区基因进行测序,证实存在不同的CDR3序列。结论肺结核患者活动期外周血T细胞TCRα,β链CDR3谱系出现明显漂移,提示CDR3的选择性表达与结核患者细胞免疫应答机制有关,优势取用Vα,Vβ家族T细胞TCR CDR3序列的确定,为肺结核患者特异性T细胞免疫治疗研究提供基础。     

脑胶质瘤组织中MMP-7、整合素αvβ5的表达及临床意义

目的观察人脑胶质瘤组织中MMP-7和整合素αvβ5的表达,并探讨其可能的临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法,检测38例不同病理分级脑胶质瘤和13例正常脑组织中MMP-7和整合素αvβ5的表达情况,探讨二者表达的相关性。结果 MMP-7和整合素αvβ5在脑胶质瘤中阳性表达均高于正常脑组织(P<0.01)。MMP-7蛋白表达水平与脑胶质瘤病理分级正相关(r=0.426,P<0.01);整合素αvβ5蛋白表达与病理分级正相关(r=0.323,P<0.05)。人脑胶质瘤中MMP-7的表达水平与整合素αvβ5的表达水平正相关(r=0.578,P<0.01)。结论 MMP-7和整合素αvβ5表达水平的测定可能有助于早期识别具有高度恶性的人脑胶质瘤并判断其预后。     

肺结核患者外周血alpha/betaT细胞CDR3谱系研究

[摘要] 目的 探讨活动性肺结核患者外周血T细胞TCR α、 链CDR3 谱系漂移,为肺结核患者特异性T细胞免疫应答机制和免疫治疗研究提供基础。方法 采用基因扫描谱型分析技术,分析6例正常献血员及6例活动性肺结核患者PBMC中T细胞TCR CDR3谱型分布特征及患者TCR Vα和Vβ基因家族的优势取用情况,对克隆性增生T 细胞CDR3区进行序列分析。结果 6例正常献血员外周血中TCR 32 Vα、24 Vβ家族CDR3谱型均呈高斯分布（gaussian distribution）,6例活动性肺结核患者出现不同Vα和Vβ家族优势取用,对部分单/寡克隆增生T细胞α、 链CDR3区基因进行测序,证实存在不同的CDR3序列。结论 肺结核患者活动期外周血T细胞TCR α、 链CDR3谱系出现明显漂移,提示CDR3的选择性表达与结核患者细胞免疫应答机制有关,优势取用Vα、Vβ家族T细胞TCR CDR3序列的确定,为肺结核患者特异性T细胞免疫治疗研究提供基础。     

识别肿瘤相关抗原TCR Vβ基因亚家族表达特征的研究

目的：探讨特异性识别肝癌和不同组织肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）的TCR Vβ基因亚家族的表达特征。方法：用McAb共激活的健康人PBLs，作用于肝癌细胞系BEL－7402和HepG2-2215，以及将不同肿瘤患者PBLs，用RT－PCR、Southern印迹分析TCR Vβ基因亚家族识别癌抗原的优势取用。结果：不同的肝癌细胞系和不同的肝癌患者TCR Vβ、Vβ15表达较高，而另外两例非肝癌患者TCR Vβ7表达而Vβ15不表达。结论：TCR Vβ7可能是TAA的识别基因，而Vβ15可能为肝癌抗原的识别基因。     

结直肠癌患者外周血呈现T细胞寡克隆增殖

目的:通过结直肠癌患者术前外周血T淋巴细胞的T细胞受体(TCRβ)基因谱型,了解肿瘤患者外周血中T细胞克隆特征以及机体抗肿瘤免疫状况.方法: 采用RT-PCR方法扩增结直肠癌患者术前外周血、肿瘤组织和术后外周血TCRβ基因的24个V基因片段,经过特殊的测序凝胶分离和银染色后,确定它们的TCRβV基因表达谱型.通过PCR产物直接测序的方法,分析克隆性增殖的特征和CDR3区氨基酸序列.结果: 结直肠癌患者术前外周血的TCRβ基因谱型中具有克隆性表达条带,其中有些克隆的CDR3区与肿瘤组织肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(tumor infiltrating lymphocyte,TIL)中克隆性表达的TCRβ基因的CDR3区具有相同的氨基酸基序;临床特征表现为肿瘤局部有淋巴结转移,但是术后10个月没有复发.结论: 结直肠癌患者外周血具有与肿瘤负荷相关的T淋巴细胞克隆性增生,可能是肿瘤相关抗原特异性的抗肿瘤T淋巴细胞克隆.     

IFN-β基因诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡及Fas表达上调

目的：研究β干扰素(Interferon-β,IFN-β)基因对人脑胶质瘤细胞的诱导凋亡作用,以及能否导致胶质瘤细胞Fas表达上调,并探讨了细胞凋亡及Fas表达上调之间的相关联系．方法：建立裸鼠SHG44胶质瘤模型,用脂质体包埋法将IFN-β基因的真核表达载体pSV2IFNβ注入裸鼠皮下SHG44脑胶质瘤,观察肿瘤生长情况并计算肿瘤体积,通过免疫组化、TUNEL染色,了解IFN-β基因诱导人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡的作用以及胶质瘤细胞Fas表达情况．结果：IFN-β在荷瘤裸鼠瘤体内获得表达,裸鼠皮下胶质瘤生长明显受到抑制,并诱导SHG44胶质瘤细胞凋亡,胶质瘤细胞Fas表达显高于对照组．结论：IFN-β基因能够抑制人脑胶质瘤生长,并诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡;IFN-β基因诱导胶质瘤细胞凋亡可能是通过促使Fas表达上调的结果．     

APL细胞诱导脐血TCR Vα和Vβ亚家族T细胞增殖和细胞毒性研究

目的 了解急性早幼粒细胞性白血病(APL)细胞体外诱导脐血T细胞的TCR Vα和Vβ亚家族克隆性增殖及针对APL细胞特异性杀伤情况.方法 采用混合淋巴细胞和肿瘤细胞培养(MLTC)方法,利用APL细胞体外诱导脐血T细胞增殖,用RT-PCR和基因扫描分析MLTC后T细胞的29个TCR Vα亚家族基因和24个TCR Vβ亚家族基因的互补决定区(CDR3),了解各亚家族的T细胞克隆性增殖特点,并应用LDH法分析诱导增殖的T细胞针对APL细胞特异性杀伤作用.结果 经APL细胞刺激后增殖的脐血T细胞表达部分Vα和Vβ谱系基因,并在Vα10、Vβ5和Vβ15出现有克隆增殖趋势,诱导后T细胞对APL细胞的杀伤性均高于未诱导组的T细胞.结论 APL细胞体外诱导脐血T细胞出现抗原相关的TCR Vα和Vβ亚家族优势利用和克隆性增殖;诱导后的T细胞对APL细胞具有特异性细胞毒性作用.     

TCR Vβ17．1基因转染外周血单个核细胞后表达及抗癌作用

目的研究TCR Vβ7．1基因在恢复肝癌病人细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)功能方面的作用。方法以RT-PCR方法扩增TCR Vβ7．1基因并构建Vβ7．1-pLXSN表达载体。重组体以脂质体转染外周血单个核细胞(PBLs)，流式细胞仪检测转染效率，DNA Ladder实验和透射电镜观察转染后T细胞诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结果TCR Vβ7．1基因转染PBLs后可有效表达并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。结论该方法为T细胞介导的肿瘤基因治疗提供了有效途径。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.