B淋巴细胞造血调控活性的研究 Ⅲ.增殖放大因子对小鼠多向造血祖细胞生长的影响

M12.4.1细胞(系小鼠B淋巴瘤细胞系),此细胞的倍增时间与培养中血清含量及植入细胞量有关,细胞以4.5×10~4/ml的浓度,植入含15%血清的培液中,其倍增时间为23.8h,M12.4.1-CM对小鼠骨髓CFU-mix的增殖有明显的加强作用,可使 CFU-mix数增加至2倍.单集落形态学分析结果表明,M12.4.1-CM可加强CFU-GEMm,CFU-GMm及p-BFU-E等早期造血祖细胞的增殖与分化.用亲和层析和高效液相色谱等技术,由M12.4.1细胞的无血清培养上清中,分离提纯到一种分子量为31000道尔顿的增殖放大因子,对CFU-mix增殖的活力比原液提高2809.2倍,从单集落分析结果表明,PAF调控早期造血祖细胞CFU-GEMm的活性非常明显地高于M12.4.1-CM.     

用人尿中提取的红细胞生成素进行人骨髓红系祖细胞体外培养

本文介绍用从再生障碍性贫血病人尿中提取的EPO制剂进行人骨髓红系祖细胞体外培养的结果.在EPO为0.1～1u/ml的剂量范围内,CFU-E产率与EPO剂量呈良好线性关系,与同时用日本EPO制剂培养所得的结果相同.在BFU-E培养中,加入EPO 1u/ml,集落产率也与日本制剂相似.用普通显微镜和电子显微镜对集落和细胞进行的观察说明,集落中大部分是幼稚红细胞.     

促红细胞生成素和甲泼尼龙对损伤星形胶质细胞增殖的影响

目的研究在促红细胞生成素（erythropoietin,EPO）和甲泼尼龙（Methylprednisolone,MPSS）干预下对损伤星形胶质细胞增殖的影响,探讨EPO和MPSS联合应用在脊髓损伤中的作用。方法取自SD大鼠大脑原代培养星形胶质细胞,缺营养培养3h后分别在促红细胞生成素（erythropoietin,EPO）和甲泼尼龙（erythropoietin,EPO）的培养基中培养24、48小时后,MTT法检测星形胶质细胞增殖活性的变化。结果缺营养可抑制星形胶质细胞增殖,促红细胞生成素和甲泼尼龙对正常细胞增殖无明显影响作用,EPO和MPSS均促进损伤细胞增殖,两者联合减量应用对细胞增殖有明显影响作用。结论 EPO＋MPSS（半量组）联合减量应用对星形胶质细胞增殖作用表达的升高作用优于单独应用甲泼尼龙。     

高住低练对田径运动员血清转铁蛋白受体及促红细胞生成素水平的影响

本文通过对20名女子田径运动员进行随机对照实验,观察高住低练过程中血清转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)、促红细胞生成素(EPO)、血红蛋白(Hb)和网织红细胞数(Ret)的变化。结果发现对照组运动员在训练中各时相点上述指标均无明显变化。高住低练组运动员血清EPO水平第3天、第7天和第2周较实验前显著增加,但4周后恢复到实验前水平;sTfR在第7天有增加趋势,第2周与实验前比较有高度显著性差异,高住低练结束后1周有所下降,但仍高于实验前水平;高住低练第7天Ret显著增加,但4周后有所下降;第2周Hb较实验前显著增加,且持续至高住低练结束后2周。结果表明在高住低练过程中,sTfR能反映EPO的变化,但在时相上有差异。sTfR可能更能反映高住低练过程中红细胞的生成状况。     

EPO单克隆抗体的制备

目的：制备EPO单克隆抗体,为高原红细胞增多症的治疗研究提供材料。方法：用细胞融合技术制备能稳定分泌EPO单克隆抗体的细胞株,对该细胞株扩增培养,注射入BALB小鼠腹腔内,（7～10）天后搜集腹水并进行腹水抗体效价测定,提纯,浓缩,进行抗体浓度测定。结果：得到一株能稳定分泌EPO单克隆抗体的细胞株,并制备出高效价的EPO单克隆抗体。结论：该EPO单克隆抗体的制备成功为高原红细胞增多症的治疗的基础研究提供了原料。     

EPO多克隆抗体抑制EPO促CFU-E形成研究

目的:探讨EPO多克隆抗体是否具有对抗EPO促红系形成的功能。方法:对大鼠骨髓进行定向体外红系集落形成单位(CFU-E)培养,观察CFU-E数量,判定EPO多克隆抗体对红系增殖活性的影响。结果:与常规培养组比较,EPO多克隆抗体培养组CFU-E明显减少,P<0.01,差别有非常显著性。结论:EPO抗体可抑制EPO促红系形成,其可作为治疗高原红细胞增多症病人的药物进一步研究。     

EPO单克隆抗体抑制CFU-E研究

目的 探讨EPO单克隆抗体是否具有抑制红系集落形成单位（CFU-E）形成的功能.方法 对大鼠骨髓进行定向体外CFU-E培养,按以下条件进行分组培养：空白对照组（不加EPO）、常规组（加EPO,不加EPO单克隆抗体）、EPO单克隆抗体干预组（EPO＋EPO单克隆抗体）.培养168 h后,观察各组CFU-E数量.结果 空白对照组、常规组、EPO单克隆抗体干预组的CFU-E集数落分别为0.0±0.0、151.8±23.3和10.7±3.9.EPO单克隆抗体干预组与常规组比较,CFU-E集落数存在非常显著性差异（P＜0.01）.结论 该EPO单克隆抗体可明显抑制CFU-E形成,即抑制红细胞系的增殖,是治疗高原红细胞增多症的可能药物.     

干扰素γ联合红细胞生成素对多发性骨髓红系祖细胞的体外作用研究

为研究干扰素γ(IFN-γ)联合红细胞生成素(EPO)对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)红系祖细胞(CFU-E)的作用，采用细胞体外培养对10例MM患者进行了CFU-E培养。结果表明，单一IFN-γ对MM患者CFU-E即有明显促增殖作用；与EPO联合时，其促增殖作用更加明显，使MM患者CFU-E接近正常对照。提示IFN-γ联合EPO对MM红系祖细胞具有显著促增殖作用，可能提供可靠的实验依据。     

胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽片段抑制EPO促CFU-E形成的研究

目的:观察胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽片段能否抑制EPO促红系形成。方法:对大鼠骨髓进行红系定向体外培养,加入胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽片段干预,观察红系集落形成单位(CFU-E)之数量,判定胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽片段对红系增殖活性的影响。结果:胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽片段加入干预培养后,CFU-E数量明显减少(P<0.01)。结论:胰蛋白酶酶切EPO之多肽产物体外能对抗EPO,抑制红系增殖。其可作为治疗高原红细胞增多症的可能药物进一步研究。     

两种缺氧刺激对大学生红细胞生成素及有氧能力的影响

目的:探讨缺氧刺激对血清红细胞生成素(EPO)和转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)的影响,观察在低氧刺激环境下血液EPO分泌和血清sTfR浓度的变化规律.方法:受试者为20名身体健康的男性大学生,随机分为3组:间歇吸低氧组(n=7)、模拟高住组(n=5)和对照组(n=8).间歇吸低氧组每天30分钟吸低氧,模拟高住组每天8小时低氧环境睡眠.所有受试者在实验期均从事相同的体育技术课和理论课学习及相同的生活作息,全部实验共包括4周试验期和2周恢复期.结果:(1)对照组血清EPO浓度在实验前、中和恢复期均无明显变化.间歇吸低氧组血清EPO浓度在实验第3天、第17天、第22天,模拟高住组血清EPO浓度在实验第15天、第17天、第22天、第24天及恢复期均显著高于实验前(P＜0.05),(2)间歇吸低氧组血清sTfR浓度在实验第3天、第10天、第17天及恢复期结束均显著高于实验前(P＜0.05),而模拟高住组和对照组血清sTfR浓度在实验期和恢复期均未发生明显变化.(3)实验后间歇吸低氧组受试者VO2max与实验前比较明显增加(P＜0.05).(4)除对照组外,实验后间歇吸低氧组、模拟高住组在定量负荷运动中的心率、血乳酸与实验前相比显著下降(P＜0.05).结论:血清EPO、sTfR浓度的变化受不同低氧浓度刺激时间和方式的影响,间歇吸低氧与运动刺激相结合可增加VO2max.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.