PMO患者血清E2、IL-6及IGF-Ⅰ水平的临床观察

目的：通过观察绝经后骨质疏松症（PMO）患者血清E2、IL-6及IGF-Ⅰ含量的变化,探讨E2、IL-6及IGF-Ⅰ在绝经后骨质疏松症发病机理中的作用。方法：根据腰椎骨密度（BMD）扫描结果,将受试者分为三组,即绝经后骨质疏松组32例、绝经后非骨质疏松组30例、绝经前健康组30例。采用放免法测定血清IL-6、BGP、IGF-Ⅰ水平,用化学发光免疫分析法测定血清E2水平,同时测定血清P、Ca、AKP水平。结果：绝经后妇女血清IL-6水平高于绝经前妇女,骨质疏松组又高于非骨质疏松组。IL-6与BMD、E2呈负相关关系（r分别为-0．587、-0．438,P〈0．05）,与BGP呈正相关关系（r=0．545,P〈0．05）。绝经后妇女IGF-Ⅰ含量降低,骨质疏松组IGF-Ⅰ含量最低。IGF-Ⅰ与BMD、E2呈显著正相关关系（相关系数r分别为0．569、0．433,P〈0．01）,与年龄呈显著负相关关系（r=-0．538,P〈0．01）。结论：绝经后骨质疏松为高转换率骨质疏松,IL-6高表达与骨质疏松症发病以及雌激素减少有关,雌激素水平下降可导致IL-6分泌的增多。体内雌激素还有助于维持IGF-Ⅰ的水平,绝经后骨质疏松患者体内IGF-Ⅰ水平明显下降。IL-6分泌增多、IGF-Ⅰ水平下降均可以导致骨吸收超过骨形成,引起骨丢失和骨质疏松症的发生。因此,IL-6、IGF-Ⅰ可作为一种预测骨质疏松症发病的检测手段。合理应用雌激素、IGF-Ⅰ可预防绝经后骨质疏松症的发生。     

糖皮质激素治疗SLE对骨代谢标志物的影响分析

目的 研究骨代谢标志物在糖皮质激素治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)前后的变化,及其与治疗疗程进展的关系,探讨激素治疗后育龄期、围绝经期、绝经后女性患者骨代谢水平的特征;分析骨代谢标志物与骨密度在糖皮质激素治疗SLE中诊断骨质疏松的价值.方法 检测40例SLE患者经糖皮质激素治疗前及治疗后3、6、12个月的骨代谢标志物(BGP、β-CTX、PICP),测定不同部位的骨密度,并运用统计学方法进行处理.结果 ①糖皮质激素治疗前骨形成标志物和骨吸收标志物均较正常对照组明显降低(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义;②激素治疗早期,骨形成标志物BGP、PICP明显下降,骨吸收标志物β-CTX明显上升,治疗3、6、12个月后的骨代谢标志物水平与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);③激素治疗后,围绝经期组较育龄期组β-cTx、PTH、FSH水平明显升高(P＜0.05),绝经后组与围绝经期组比较,β-CTX、BGP、PICP、FSH均显著升高(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义.④糖皮质激素治疗3、6、12个月后测股骨近端、腰椎、Ward三角的骨密度,其不同部位骨密度的变化差异缺乏一致性.结论 糖皮质激素治疗SLE患者,骨代谢标志物在治疗早期有明显变化;而同阶段不同部位骨密度变化存在差异,骨代谢标志物对早期诊断骨质疏松有重要意义,骨代谢标志物联合雌二醇(E2)可为围绝经女性骨质流失的评估提供参考.     

骨折患者血清25-羟基维生素D和甲状旁腺素水平与骨密度的相关性

目的探究骨折患者血清25-羟基维生素D(250HD)和甲状旁腺素(PTH)水平与骨密度的相关性。方法选择2015年12月至2017年12月于我院骨科住院治疗的110例骨折患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行骨密度检查,根据骨密度T值将患者分为正常组、骨质减少组、骨质疏松组。测定骨质疏松四项标志物即血清250HD、PTH、血清1型胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、β胶原降解产物(β-CTX)水平。结果正常组各部位骨密度值显著高于骨量减少组、骨质疏松组(P<0.05);骨量减少组各部位骨密度值显著高于骨质疏松组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05);骨量正常患者血清250HD显著高于骨量减少、骨质疏松组(P <0. 05);血清PINP、PTH水平均显著低于骨量减少、骨质疏松组(P <0. 05);相关性分析示骨质疏松患者血清250HD与腰椎1-4、全髓关节及股骨颈骨密度值呈正相关关系(P<0. 05)。结论骨质疏松患者血清中250HD明显下降,与患者骨密度呈正相关,PTH水平虽在骨质疏松患者中明显上升,但其与骨密度无相关性。     

老年骨质疏松患者血清细胞因子水平的变化及其临床意义

目的:探讨老年骨质疏松患者血清白介素-2(IL-2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)水平的变化及其临床意义.方法:选择2004-06/2009-06我院门诊或住院诊治老年患者158例,根据骨质疏松诊断标准分为骨质疏松组(52例)和骨量减少组(106例),另选择同期老年体检者50例为对照组.对各组进行血清IL-2、TNF-α、IGF-1检测及腰椎和股骨颈骨密度测定.结果:老年骨质疏松组及骨量减少组血清IL-2和IGF-1水平均明显低于老年正常和对照组(P<0.05),血清TNF-α水平明显高于老年正常对照组(P<0.05);老年骨量减少与骨质疏松组腰椎及股骨颈的骨密度均明显低于老年正常对照组(P<0.05),同时老年骨质疏松组骨密度也明显低于骨量减少组(P<0.05);血清中IL-2和IGF-1水平与老年人群腰椎、股骨的骨密度值均呈正相关(r=0.35,0.39,P<0.05),而TNF-α与老年人群腰椎、股骨的骨密度值呈负相关(r=-0.35,P<0.05).结论:IL-2、TNF-α及IGF-1对辅助诊断和治疗老年骨质疏松症有一定价值.     

绝经后妇女甲状旁腺素基因多态性与骨密度：福州地区的调查

背景：有研究证实,绝经后妇女骨密度与甲状旁腺素基因有密切关系,但在不同地区人群中结果存在差异性。 目的：探讨福州地区绝经后妇女甲状旁腺素基因(PTH)BstBⅠ多态性与骨密度的关系。 方法：用双能X射线骨密度仪检测福州地区150例绝经后妇女的腰椎、股骨颈,大转子和Ward’s三角骨密度,应用PCR-RFLP技术检测甲状旁腺素基因BstBⅠ多态性。 结果与结论：①甲状旁腺素基因型分布频率为BB型 68.8%、Bb型24.1%、bb 型7.1%。等位基因频率为B 81%,b 19%,基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。②分析其基因型与骨密度的关系：BB、Bb、bb 3种基因型在股骨颈、大转子、Ward’s三角区4个部位骨密度差异均无显著意义(P > 0.05)。甲状旁腺素基因BstBⅠ位点多态性与骨密度间无关联,尚不能作为预测福州地区绝经后妇女发生骨质疏松危险的遗传标志。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

广州地区绝经后妇女维生素D受体基因多态性与骨密度关系的研究

目的：了解广州地区绝经后妇女维生素D受体基因多态性的分布，并进一步研究其与骨密度的关系。 方法：应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFCP）等生物学技术检测203例绝经后广州地区妇女维生素D受体(VDR)基因型，同时用双能X线骨密度测量仪检测腰椎、股骨颈、瓦氏三角、大转子处骨密度（BMD）。 结果：203例受试对象中，VDR基因型分别为BB型17例（占8.3%）、Bb型60例（占29.6%），bb型126例（占62.1%）， b等位基因频率为76.85%、B等位基因频率为23.05%，基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律。分析其基因型与骨密度的关系显示：只有bb与Bb、BB基因型在腰椎骨密度存在差异（P<0.05）、Bb与BB的腰椎BMD无差异（P>0.05），其余部位3种基因型骨密度无差异（P>0.05）。 结论： VDR基因型与BMD间存在着一定关联，但尚不能作为预测广州绝经后妇女发生骨质疏松危险性的遗传标志。     

骨灵汤对绝经期前后骨质疏松患者血清IGF-1、TGFβ1与OPG／RANKL水平的影响

目的观察绝经期前后骨质疏松（osteoporosis,OP）患者血清胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）、转化生长因子（TGFβ1）与OPG-RANKL系统的关系以及骨灵汤对IGF-1和TGFβ1表达的影响。方法将80例OP患者分为绝经前组和绝经后组,每组各40例,均给予抗OP中药骨灵汤（骨碎补、鹿角胶、菟丝子等）治疗。采用ELISA方法检测血清TGFβ1、OPG和RANKL。采用包被放免法（IRMA）检测血清IGF-1。结果绝经后组血清IGF和RANKL的水平显著低于绝经前组（P〈0．01）,绝经后组血清OPG水平显著高于绝经前组（P〈0．01）;血清IGF-1、TGFβ1浓度与血清OPG浓度呈负相关,相关系数为r=0．003、P=-0．622和r=0．000、P=-0．713;血清IGF-1、TGFβ1浓度与血清RANKL浓度呈正相关,相关系数为r=0．012、P=0．549和r=0．001、P=0．667;绝经前妇女骨灵汤治疗后,血清IGF和TGFβ1水平升高（P〈0．05）,OPG水平明显升高（P〈0．01）,RANKL浓度下降（P〈0．05）;绝经后妇女骨灵汤治疗后IGF、TGFβ和OPG水平升高（P〈0．05）,RANKL浓度下降（P〈0．05）。结论骨灵汤可以通过上调IGF-1和TGFβ1的表达,影响OPG-RANKL系统,从而调节骨代谢,达到防治OP的目的。     

骨代谢标志物与骨质疏松的相关性研究

目的探讨绝经后妇女骨代谢标志物与骨质疏松的相关性。方法应用双能X线骨密度仪测量绝经期妇女腰椎和股骨的骨密度值,并按骨密度值将136例患者分为63例骨量减少组和73例骨质疏松组,用电化学发光法测定两组患者血清骨钙素(N-MID),总骨I型前胶原N端肽(PINP)和β胶原特殊序列(β-crosslaps)的水平。结果在骨量减少组和骨质疏松组血清N-MID测定结果分别为21.63±24.77ng/mL和21.4±15.6ng/mL、PINP分别为46.8±46.37ng/mL和61.4±52.83ng/mL、β-crosslaps分别为0.48±0.46ng/mL和0.49±0.40ng/mL,两组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论绝经后骨质疏松患者血清骨代谢标志物水平与骨密度不存在密切的相关性;血清N-MD、PINP、β-Crosslaps只反映绝经后妇女骨转换的高低,对骨质疏松的诊断无明显帮助。     

血清25(OH)D3、超敏C反应蛋白水平与老年2型糖尿病合并骨质疏松的相关性分析

目的分析血清25-羟维生素D3[25(OH) D3]、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并骨质疏松的相关性。方法将218例T2DM患者中存在骨质疏松者纳入观察组(n=80),骨量减少者纳入对照组A(n=50),无骨质疏松和骨量减少者纳入对照组B(n=88),另选择同期体检的健康老年人群62例作为健康组,比较各组血清25(OH)D3、hs-CRP水平及骨代谢指标[骨钙素(BGP)、总1型前胶原氨基端延长肽(T-P1NP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列(β-CTX)],根据血清25(OH)D3水平将观察组受试者分为25(OH)D3严重缺乏组、缺乏组、不足组,对比三组的血清hs-CRP及骨代谢指标,分析血清25 (OH) D3、hs-CRP、骨代谢指标的相关性。结果观察组血清25 (OH) D3、BGP、T-P1NP水平低于对照组A、对照组B、健康组,观察组血清hs-CRP、β-CTX水平高于其他各组(P <0.05);25(OH) D3水平严重缺乏组血清hs-CRP、β-CTX高于25(OH)D3缺乏组、不足组,而血清BGP、T-P1NP水平低于25(OH) D3缺乏组、不足组(P <0.05),25(OH) D3缺乏组、不足组上述指标比较差异也有统计学意义(P <0.05);老年T2DM合并骨质疏松患者血清25(OH)D3与其BGP、T-P1NP呈正相关,而与hs-CRP、β-CTX呈负相关,hs-CRP与BGP、T-P1NP呈负相关,与β-CTX呈正相关(P <0.05)。结论血清25 (OH) D3、hs-CRP参与T2DM发生与发展,能敏感地反映早期骨代谢情况,预测骨质疏松的发生风险。     

糖尿病患者甲状旁腺激素、降钙素和骨钙素相关性研究

采用放射免疫分析方法测定40例正常人和30例糖尿病患者血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、降钙素(CT)和骨钙素(BGP)作相关性研究。结果糖尿病组血清PTH和CT水平均较正常组升高(P<0.01),BGP较正常人降低(P<0.01);相关分析显示正常组和糖尿病组的PTH与CT之间均有明显的相关性,而PTH与BGP间均未见相关变化,CT与BGP在正常组呈负相关变化,而糖尿病组未见相关性变化,3种激素的改变作为研究糖尿病的钙磷代谢紊乱和骨质疏松的机理有独特的临床意义。     

Bone mass and biochemical parameters in metabolic bone diseases

We studied the relationship between the bone mass and biochemical parameters in 175 normal premenopausal, 72 normal postmenopausal and osteoporotic postmenopausal women, between 20 and 88 years old, and in 40 patients with hyperthyroidism, and 23 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, between 13 and 64 years old. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur (femoral neck) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using a QDR-1000, Hologic. The bone mineral content (BMC) of the radius was measured by single photon absorptiometry (SPA) using a model 2780, Norland. Serum PTH, BGP and calcitonin (CT) were determined by radioimmunoassay. The BMD of the spine (L2-L4), and the proximal femur in postmenopausal women were negatively correlated with age. The mean BMD in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis was significantly lower than that in normal postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, age was positively correlated with BGP, PTH, CT and negatively correlated with P. In patients with osteoporosis, the BMD of the spine was negatively correlated with serum BGP. The BMC of radius in patients with hyperthyroidism decreased significantly compared with that in the controls, and was negatively correlated with F-T3. The BMC of the radius in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism was significantly lower than that in the controls, and was negatively correlated with serum BGP and serum calcium. The measurements of biochemical parameters such as serum BGP, ALP and PTH may be useful in the assessment of metabolic bone diseases.     

Effect of DHEA supplementation on serum IGF-1, osteocalcin, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal, glucocorticoid-treated women

PurposeDHEA therapy increases bone formation in postmenopausal women. We have found only a few reports of dehydroepiandrosterone replacement therapy in women receiving long-term glucocorticoid medication. The purpose of this study was to establish whether DHEA replacement therapy may be useful in the treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Materials and methodsNineteen women, aged 50–78 years, treated at least for three years with average daily doses of more than 7.5 mg prednisone, with T-score L2/L4<-1.5 and bisphosphonates intolerance, were enrolled to the study. For the first year of the study the patients were given calcium, vitamin D3 and thiazide diuretics. For another year the patients received orally micronized DHEA 25-50 mg daily. Before the study, after twelve months of Calcium/D3 therapy, then after six weeks and six months of DHEA therapy, serum concentrations of DHEAS, androstenedione, testosterone, estradiol, FSH, IGF-1 and osteocalcin were assessed. Bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured before the treatment, after a year on Calcium/D3 and after six and twelve months of DHEA replacement therapy.ResultsIn all treated women, DHEA significantly increased serum DHEAS, androstenedione and testosterone concentrations. A significant elevation of serum IGF-1 and osteocalcin concentrations was found as early as after six weeks of DHEA treatment. A significant increase of bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and femoral neck was observed after six and twelve months of DHEA treatment.ConclusionOur results suggest a beneficial role of DHEA replacement therapy in the treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis.     

2型糖尿病男性患者骨代谢指标与骨密度的相关性研究

目的：探讨2型糖尿病男性患者骨密度与骨代谢生化指标间的关系。方法：选取我科2014年1月至2015年12月入院的2型糖尿病男性患者102例,采用双能X线骨密度仪,测定腰椎(L2~L4)、股骨上端[包括股骨颈(Neck)、华氏三角(Ward)及股骨粗隆(Troch)]和全身的骨密度(bone mineral density, BMD)值;根据T值将这些患者分为骨量正常组(44例)、骨量减少组(36例)和骨质疏松组(29例),采用酶联免疫法测定各组碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、N-端中段骨钙素(N-MID-OT)、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(type 1 amino-terminal propeptide,tP1NP)和β胶原特殊序列(β-CTX)的浓度,比较三组骨代谢指标的变化,并对BMD与各项骨代谢指标进行相关性分析。结果：随着骨密度的降低,骨代谢指标的水平逐渐增高,其中,N-MID-OT和β-CTX的水平在三组间的差异皆有统计学意义(P<0.05);tP1NP在骨质疏松组和其余两组有统计学差异(P<0.05);ALP在三组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。骨量减少组中,N-MID-OT与Neck、Troch及全身的BMD呈负相关(r=?0.754,?0.663,?0.743;P<0.05),β-CTX与Ward的BMD呈负相关(r=?0.273;P<0.05);骨质疏松组中, N-MID-OT与所有部位的BMD呈负相关(r=?0.736,?0.562,?0.715,?0.521,?0.436;P<0.05),β-CTX与Neck、Ward及全身的BMD呈负相关(r=?0.532,?0.614,?0.764;P<0.05)。结论：2型糖尿病男性患者骨密度与骨代谢指标呈负相关,两者联合评估有助于早期预防骨质疏松。     

Association of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and micro-architectural changes in the bone tissue. The risk of osteoporosis is partly determined by genetic factors. The role of C677T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene has been investigated in postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, the relationship between MTHFR polymorphism and BMD is still controversial. We carried out a meta-analysis of 5,833 subjects to evaluate the association of MTHFR and BMD in postmenopausal women. Databases of MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and CNKI were retrieved for all publications relating to MTHFR polymorphism and BMD in postmenopausal women. Five eligible studies were selected for meta-analysis. All these articles studied the association of MTHFR polymorphism and BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in postmenopausal women. Our analysis suggested that postmenopausal women with the TT genotype had lower femoral neck BMD than the women with the CC/CT genotype, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) was -0.01 g/cm² [95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.01, -0.01), P < 0.01]. However, BMD of the lumbar spine of postmenopausal women with the TT genotype was not significantly different from that of women with the CC/CT genotype. In the random effects model, the WMD between the TT and TC/CC genotype was -0.01 g/cm² [95% CI: (-0.04, 0.01), P = 0.32]. The C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene is associated with BMD of the femoral neck in postmenopausal women. Women with the TT genotype of the MTHFR gene have lower BMD, suggesting that the TT genotype may be a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

Relationship between PTH,sex steroid and bone turnover marker measurements and bone density in recently postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: It is conceivable that, since menopause accelerates the continuous bone loss determined by age, a specific configuration of bone mass determinants during the first postmenopausal years occurs. METHODS: To establish their value as indicators of bone mass in women with recent natural menopause, we assessed relationships between bone mineral density (BMD) and age, menopausal age, body mass index (BMI), PTH, sex steroid hormones (estradiol and testosterone), and several markers of bone turnover in urine (N-telopeptide and calcium/creatinine ratio) or serum (osteocalcin (OC), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total and ionic calcium (iCa), phosphate (P) and magnesium (Mg)) for a group of 118 women (mean of three measurements per subject) attending a third-level menopause unit. Multivariate analysis was used in addition to Pearson's correlation to detect relationships between variables. RESULTS: Several significant associations were detected between variables under Pearson's correlation analysis, but only a few were confirmed under multivariate analysis. Thus, among the clinical traits, age was the main predictor of BMD for femoral neck (P<0.05). Estradiol (E(2)) was the only parameter that attained significance as a predictor for lumbar spine BMD (P<0.05), whereas PTH and NTx levels emerged as predictors of BMD for femoral neck (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: In this group of recently postmenopausal women, hormonal status, as defined by E(2) and PTH, and a resorption marker (NTx), revealed, together with age, as the only significant predictors of BMD.     

男性肝硬化患者钙调激素与性激素变化及其临床意义

探讨男性肝硬化患者钙调激素与性激素变化及其临床意义.男性肝硬化患者48例(按Child-Pugh分级分为A、B、C三组), 男性健康对照组43名, 均进行骨密度(BMD)测定, 用免疫放射法(IRMA)及放射免疫法(RIA)测定甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、降钙素(CT)、骨钙素(BGP)、雌二醇(E2)和睾酮(T), 生化检测肝功能、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨性碱性磷酸酶(BLP)及血钙(Ca2 )、磷(P3 ).肝硬化患者与对照组比较血清PTH升高、CT降低、BGP大部分患者降低、E2上升、T降级、E2/T比值升高;血清ALP及BLP均上升,血Ca2 及血P3 均下降, 骨质疏松发病率增高,而且随着肝功能损害加重, 上述变化越显著.男性肝硬化患者钙调激素及性激素紊乱, 导致肝性骨病, 成人以骨质疏松为主, 并随病情发展而趋严重.     

Trimegestone in a low-dose, continuous-combined hormone therapy regimen prevents bone loss in osteopenic postmenopausal women

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of estrogen + progestogen therapy with 1 mg 17beta-estradiol and 0.125 mg trimegestone in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. DESIGN: For this study, 360 healthy, postmenopausal women with osteopenia [lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) between -1.0 and -2.5 SD of the premenopausal mean value] were enrolled in a 2-year prospective, randomized study, and 70% completed. Treatments were 1 mg 17beta-estradiol + 0.125 mg trimegestone (n = 179) or placebo (n = 181), given as daily oral therapy. All received a daily supplement of 500 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D. BMD measurements at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck as well as blood and urinary biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum osteocalcin), serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, serum CrossLaps, and urinary CrossLaps took place regularly. RESULTS: BMD increases relative to placebo were 6.3%, 3.9%, and 3.8% at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck, respectively (all P < 0.001). The biochemical markers of bone turnover were suppressed accordingly. Serum CrossLaps and urinary CrossLaps decreased rapidly, by 52% and 54%, respectively, whereas serum osteocalcin and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase revealed a more retarded decrease of 40% and 33%, respectively. Of the women receiving hormone therapy, 75% had amenorrhea from the first cycle, and 5% withdrew prematurely due to metrorrhagia or mastalgia. CONCLUSION: This new estrogen + progestogen therapy is efficient in increasing BMD in an osteopenic postmenopausal population. Furthermore, it is well tolerated, with few adverse events and an early bleeding control, which is likely to improve compliance to the treatment over the long term.     

Association between bone mineral density and lumbar disc degeneration

Objectives

Higher vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) has been found to be related with lumbar disc degeneration (LDD), while relationship between femoral neck BMD and LDD remains controversial. The aim of our research was to study the relationship between LDD and BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck.

Study design

The study population consisted of 168 postmenopausal women (aged 63.3–75.0 years, mean 68.6 years) from the prospective OSTPRE and OSTPRE-FPS study cohorts. The severity of LDD was graded from T2-weighted MRI images using the five-grade Pfirrmann classification. Four vertebral levels (L1-L4) were studied (total 672 discs). The association between lumbar BMD and Z-score and the severity of LDD was studied separately for each vertebral level with AN(C)OVA analysis, using potential confounders as covariates.

Results

Higher lumbar BMD and Z-score were associated with more severe LDD at all studied levels (L1-L4): between L4-L5 disc and L4 BMD (p = 0.044) and L4 Z-score (p = 0.052), between L2-L3 disc and L3 BMD (p = 0.001) and at all other levels (p < 0.001). The mean degeneration grade of the studied discs was associated with the mean L1-L4 BMD and Z-score (p < 0.001). Statistical significance of any result did not alter after controlling for confounding factors. There was no significant association between femoral neck BMD and LDD.

Conclusions

Higher lumbar BMD/Z-score were associated with more severe LDD. There was no significant association between femoral neck BMD and disc degeneration. Femoral neck BMD may be a more reliable measurement for diagnosing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with degenerative changes in the lumbar spine.     

Tofupill/Femarelle (DT56a): a new phyto-selective estrogen receptor modulator-like substance for the treatment of postmenopausal bone loss

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Tofupill/Femarelle (DT56a), a novel phyto-selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), in preserving bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. DESIGN: The study sample consisted of 98 healthy, postmenopausal women who were randomly allocated, on a double-blind basis, to receive either 644 mg/d DT56a (study group) or 344 mg/d DT56a supplemented with calcium (low-dose group) for 12 months. Each participant was assessed with a comprehensive health questionnaire, a detailed physical, and laboratory and pelvic sonogram examinations at entry and every 3 months thereafter. BMD was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Lunar) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck before the study began and after 12 months of treatment. RESULTS: After 12 months of treatment, BMD had increased in the study group by 3.6% in the lumbar spine (P = 0.039) and by 2.0% in the femoral neck (NS). In the low-dose group, BMD had decreased in the lumbar spine by 0.6% (NS) and by 0.6% in the femoral neck (NS). Comparison of the change in bone density between the groups yielded a significant difference for the lumbar spine (P = 0.037). Neither group showed a change in endometrial thickness and sex hormone levels nor reported any side effects of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Tofupill treatment in postmenopausal women increases BMD without unwanted estrogenic effect. Tofupill appears to be a promising phyto-SERM for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

Influence of polymorphisms in insulin-like growth factor-1 on the risk of osteoporosis in a Chinese postmenopausal female population

We conducted a case-control study in a Chinese postmenopausal population, and explore the potential role of the promoter region variation of the IGF-1 gene in bone mineral density and osteoporosis risk. 485 postmenopausal women with a primary diagnosis of osteoporosis and 485 age-matched controls were selected between 2012 and 2014. The Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used for rs35767, rs2288377 and rs5742612 of IGF-1 genotyping. By conditional regression analysis, individuals carrying TT genotype and CT+TT genotype of rs35767 were found to be correlated with an elevated risk of osteoporosis, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.90 (1.23-2.93) and 1.35 (1.04-1.76), respectively. Our study found that CT+TT genotype of rs35767 was significantly associated with moderate increased risk of osteoporosis in smokers and drinkers, and the ORs (95% CI) were 2.11 (1.06-4.20) and 2.36 (1.29-4.32), respectively. We found that those carrying CT+TT genotype of rs35767 had a significant lower BMD levels at L1-L4 vertebrae, femoral neck, total hip and trochanter compared to those with CC genotype. Our study suggests that TT genotype and CT+TT genotype of IGF-I rs35767 were associated with risk of osteoporosis and BMD levels.