大肠癌组织胃泌素与c—myc,c—fos表达的关系

目的 研究大肠癌组织中胃泌素与癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达的关系,以探讨胃泌素对大肠癌的促增殖作用机理。方法 采用免疫组化ＳＰ法检测４８例大肠癌患者癌组织及癌旁粘膜胃泌素和癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ的表达。结果 大肠癌组织胃泌素阳性率为３９．５８％,高分化腺癌明显高于低分化和粘液腺癌（Ｐ〈０．０５）。癌组织的ｃ－ｍｙｃ和ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达阳性率显著高于癌旁粘膜和正常粘膜。胃泌素阳性组癌组织ｃ－ｍｙｃ和ｃ－ｆｏｓ表达阳性率分别为７８．９４％和７３．６８％,胃泌素阴性组分别为３７．９３％和３１．０４％,差异均有显著性意义（Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论 部分大肠癌细胞通过自分泌方式产生胃泌素,可能通过增加ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｆｏｓ等癌基因的表达,从而刺激癌细胞的价值。     

Ki—67抗原在肾细胞癌中的表达

目的 探讨Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达与肾细胞癌临床病理的关系。方法 采用免疫组化方法，应用Ｋｉ－６７单克隆抗体ＭＩＢＩ研究肾癌组织中Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达及与肾癌临床病理的联系。结果 正常肾组织无Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达。肾癌组织Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达在肾癌临床分期，病理分级间有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），Ｋｉ－６７数〈９．５％者术后生存率明显高于Ｋｉ－６７指数〉９．５％者（Ｐ〈０．０１），结论Ｋｉ－６７抗原表达相关于     

食管癌c—erbB—2原癌基因的表达及意义

目的为了探讨食管癌组织ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２的表达及其临床意义。方法采用ＳＰ免疫组织化学法对４１例食管癌标本进行ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２的检测。结果４１例食管癌中，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性表达率为５１．２％（２１／４１），其中高分化组ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性率为３３．３％，中分化组为４２．１％，低分化组为７６．９％，低分化组和高分化组相比较，两组间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在有淋巴结转移的食管癌中，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因表达率为６５．５％（１９／２９），而无淋巴结转移者中的ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因阳性表达率为１６．７％（２／１２），二者相比有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。１０例正常食管粘膜中ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因则均为阴性。结论ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因不仅是食管癌的一种新的标志物，而且还与食管癌的分化程度、淋巴结的转移有关，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２的检测可成为食管癌诊断和判定预后有价值的指标。     

Ki-67及bcl-2基因产物在肾癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的探讨基因Ｋｉ６７和ｂｃｌ２产物在肾癌组织中表达的意义及相关关系,了解肿瘤增殖与凋亡的特点。方法采用免疫组化ＳＡＢＣ法,对４３例肾癌与１０例正常肾组织的石蜡包埋标本切片对照,进行与产物表达的统计研究。结果ｂｃｌ２在肾癌组织中阳性表达率为８０％,与正常肾组织（４２％）相比,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。但其表达与肿瘤分级,分期无关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。Ｋｉ６７的表达与肿瘤分级,分期及预后密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）,随恶性程度增加,其表达强度也增加。Ｋｉ６７与ｂｃｌ２的表达无显著相关性（ｒ＝０．２４１）。结论检测肾癌组织中Ｋｉ６７产物表达可以作为预后的评价指标;ｂｃｌ２可能参与了肾组织由良性向恶性转化的过程,但与癌细胞恶性分化程度无关。     

细胞周期相关基因的表达与壶腹癌细胞增殖关系的研究

目的探讨细胞周期调控相关基因ｐ５３、ｐ２１、ｐ１６和Ｒｂ与壶腹癌细胞增殖之间的关系及细胞增殖相关蛋白Ｋｉ－６７与壶腹癌生物学特性和预后之间的关系。方法采用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法对４０例壶腹癌和１０例正常壶腹组织进行染色。结果４种抑癌基因在壶腹癌中的阳性表达率分别为５０％、６２．５％、４７．５％和９２．５％。ｐ２１、ｐ１６的表达与Ｋｉ－６７指数呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）,ｐ５３、Ｒｂ与Ｋｉ－６７指数无相关性（Ｐ＞０．０５）,而Ｋｉ－６７指数与壶腹癌的病理分级、临床分期明显相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ｐ２１,ｐ１６异常表达与壶腹癌细胞异常增殖有关。Ｋｉ－６７指数可能有助于了解壶腹癌的生物学特性并对预后进行判断。     

Ki-67、p16在胃肠道平滑肌肿瘤中表达的相互关系

目的　探讨胃肠道平滑肌肿瘤（ Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ Ｍ Ｔ） 人抗增殖细胞核抗原 Ｋｉ６７ 、抑癌基因ｐ１６ 表达的临床病理意义及其相互关系。方法　采用微波修复抗原及免疫组化 Ｓ Ｐ 法检测人抗增殖细胞核抗原 Ｋｉ６７ ，免疫组化 Ｓ Ｐ 法检测抑癌基因ｐ１６ 在８６ 例 Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ Ｍ Ｔ 中的表达情况。结果　 Ｋｉ６７ 表达按平滑肌瘤，平滑肌肉瘤Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级的顺序依次明显上升（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１） ，而ｐ１６ 的表达却依次明显下降（ Ｐ ＜０ ．０５） 。同时， Ｋｉ６７ 、ｐ１６ 的表达与肿瘤的良恶性生长方式、肿瘤大小、中心有无坏死亦有明显的关系（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。 Ｋｉ６７ 低表达组的５ 年生存率明显高于高表达组（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５） ，ｐ１６ 阳性表达组的５ 年生存率明显高于阴性表达组（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５） 。结论　 Ｋｉ６７ 、ｐ１６ 在 Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ Ｍ Ｔ 中表达呈相反趋势， Ｋｉ６７ 、ｐ１６ 可作为判断 Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ Ｍ Ｔ 良恶性、恶性程度、转换及预后的客观指标。     

膀胱移行细胞癌c-myc癌基因蛋白表达的临床意义

目的：探讨膀胱移行细胞癌ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白表达的临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学ＳＰ方法检测５０例膀胱移行细胞癌标本（其中Ⅲ级１８例,Ⅱ级１６例,Ⅰ级１６例）中ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白。结果：Ⅲ级中ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白表达阳性率为９４．４％,Ⅱ级表达阳性率为７５．０％,Ⅰ级中表达阳性率为４３．７％,３组之间表达阳性率有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：膀胱移行细胞癌病理分化越低,ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因蛋白     

Ki-67抗原在胆囊良恶性肿瘤中的表达

目的 观察Ｋｉ－６７抗原在胆囊良恶性肿瘤中的表达强度与肿瘤的分级分期、治疗效果和预后的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学（ＡＰＡＡＰ）方法,用抗人Ｋｉ－６７抗原的等８效抗体ＭＩＢ－１比较研究Ｋｉ６７蛋白在良恶性胆囊肿瘤和正常胆囊组织中的表达情况,对比较不同胆囊组织中细胞增殖的情况。结果 Ｋｉ－６７蛋白在胆囊癌组织中表达的阳性指数率显著高于胆囊良性肿瘤及正常胆囊组织（Ｐ〈０．０５）。但Ｋｉ－６７蛋白的表达     

HESW与抗癌药物对膀胱癌细胞C—myc癌基因表达的影响

利用国产液电碎同产生高能冲击波和１０－羟基喜树碱单纯或联合处理人膀胱癌细胞系。实验分对照组，ＨＥＳＷ组，药物组和联合组。冲击波条件：２００ＳＷ，药物浓度（０．１μｇ／ｍｌ），水温３７℃，采用α－＾３２Ｐ－ｄＣＴＰ标记Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因探针，通过Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交技术，分析四组癌细胞Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达。结果表明：对照组Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达明显，其转录产物为２．７ｋｂ，而实验各组Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因     

HESW与抗癌药物对膀胱癌细胞C－myc癌基因表达的影响

利用国产液电碎石机（ＥＳＷＬ－Ⅲ／２Ｍ型）产生的高能冲击波和１０－羟基喜树碱单纯或联合处理人膀胱癌细胞系（ＢＴ５６３７）。实验分对照组，ＨＥＳＷ组，药物组和联合组。冲击波条件：２００ＳＷ（１０ｋＶ，６０次／ｍｉｎ），药物浓度（０．１μｇ／ｍｌ），水温３７℃。采用α－３２Ｐ－ｄＣＴＰ标记Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因探针，通过Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹杂交技术，分析四组癌细胞Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达。结果表明：对照组Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达明显，其转录产物为２．７ｋｂ，而实验各组Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达完全被抑制。结论：ＨＥＳＷ，１０－羟基喜树碱及其联合对人膀胱癌细胞的生长抑制作用与Ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因表达有密切关系。     

胃肠道间质细胞瘤CD117、Nestin和Ki-67表达及其临床意义

目的探讨CD117、Nestin、Ki-67在胃肠道间质细胞瘤中的表达及其与临床意义之间的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测27例胃肠道间质细胞瘤切片中CD117、Nestin和Ki-67的表达情况，并分析上述免疫组织化学指标与患者生物学行为之间的相关因素和良恶性之间的鉴别。结果CD117和Nestin的阳性表达率分别为88．9％和92．6％，Ki-67增殖指数〈1％、1％～5％和〉5％的例数分别为6例、9例和12例；CD117、Nestin和Ki-67在不同性别、年龄、组织学分型之间均无统计学意义；良性，潜在恶性，恶性的病例分别为6例、9例和12例，CD117和Nestin的阳性表达率在不同的肿瘤分级之间无统计学意义，而Ki-67增殖指数在不同的肿瘤分级之间存在显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论CD117和Nestin在胃肠道间质细胞瘤中呈高表达，对胃肠道间质细胞瘤的诊断具有重要的意义，但不能作为判断胃肠道间质细胞瘤肿瘤分级的指标；而Ki-67的增殖指数是判断胃肠道间质细胞瘤肿瘤分级和预测预后的可靠指标之一。     

Ki-67抗原表达在良恶性嗜铬细胞瘤鉴别诊断中的意义

目的研究Ki-67抗原表达在良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤鉴别诊断中的意义及其作为预测肿瘤生物学行为标志物的价值。方法采用免疫组织化学方法对57例临床确诊为良性（良性组,39例）或恶性（恶性组,18例）的嗜铬细胞瘤组织进行组织染色,检测Ki-67抗原在嗜铬细胞瘤组织中的表达,并综合分析得出阳性指数。对两组数据进行统计学分析。结果良性及恶性组Ki-67平均阳性指数分别为0．98％及3．78％,恶性组明显高于良性组。良性组中Ki-67阳性指数〉3％者占5.1％（2／39）,恶性组中占55．6％（10／18）,统计学分析两组数据差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。以Ki-67阳性指数〉3％为标准,对诊断恶性嗜铬细胞瘤的准确度为82．5％、灵敏度为55．6％、特异度为94．9％、阳性预测值为83．3％、阴性预测值为82．2％。随访结果显示,Ki-67高表达者术后生存率低于低表达者。结论Ki-67抗原是检测肿瘤细胞增殖的良好标记,可用于鉴别良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤,并对判断肿瘤的预后有着及其重要的意义。Ki-67阳性指数〉3％具有区别良、恶性嗜铬细胞瘤及预测肿瘤生物学行为的意义。     

Growth fractions of human renal cell carcinoma defined by monoclonal antibody Ki-67. Predictive values for prognosis

BACKGROUND: We used immunohistochemical techniques to elucidate the role of growth fractions of renal cell carcinoma in the clinicopathology of the condition and patient survival. METHODS: Fifty-two fresh-frozen nephrectomy specimens were immunostained with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody. Ki-67 indexes were determined to examine the relationship between tumor size, grade, stage and survival curve. This study included 43 men and nine women with the mean age 58.4 +/- 11.7 years, who had been followed up for 39 +/- 25 months. RESULTS: The Ki-67 index ranged from 0.6 to 14.1%, averaging 4.6 +/- 5.8%. It was 2.8 +/- 2.4% in tumors <5 cm, 4.7 +/- 3.6% in tumors > or =5 cm and 7.1 +/- 9.0% in tumors > or =10 cm. The Ki-67 index of grades 1, 2 and 3 tumors was 2.3 +/- 1.1%, 3.3 +/- 2.7% and 12.0 +/- 10.4%, respectively. Grade 3 tumors had a significantly higher Ki-67 index than grade 1 or grade 2 tumors. There was no correlation between the Ki-67 index and tumor stage. Patients with a Ki-67 index < 5.6% had a better prognosis than those with an index > 5.6% (P=0.029). However, multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor size (P=0.034) and grade (P=0.038) were higher in hazard ratio than the Ki-67 index. CONCLUSIONS: Most renal cell carcinomas had low growth fractions. Although a high Ki-67 index should indicate a poor prognosis, Ki-67 did not correlate to metastasis. We believe it is necessary to investigate the factors, other than growth potential, that affect metastasis.     

婴幼儿血管瘤iNOS的表达及其与血管内皮细胞增殖能力的关系

目的研究婴幼儿血管瘤组织中诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)的表达,及其与血管内皮细胞增殖能力的关系。方法收集我院2001年1月至2002年5月手术切除的49例血管瘤和29例血管畸形石蜡标本,利用免疫组织化学染色检测其iNOS和Ki-67蛋白的表达。结果49例血管瘤组织中iNOS蛋白的阳性率和Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达指数分别为38%和(10.98±7.93)%,均分别显著高于29例血管畸形组织中的3%和(0.03±0.19)%。增生期血管瘤组Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达指数为(12.67±7.65)%,显著高于消退期血管瘤组的(7.27±7.49)%(P=0.028)。无论是全部78例血管病变还是49例血管瘤,iNOS阳性组的Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达指数均显著高于iNOS阴性组(P<0.05)。结论血管瘤组织中iNOS和Ki-67蛋白的表达均高于血管畸形,而且血管瘤中血管内皮细胞的增殖能力可能与其iNOS阳性率的增高有关。     

Predictability of PSA failure in prostate cancer by computerized cytometric assessment of tumoral cell proliferation

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship of DNA ploidy and cell proliferation (CP) with Gleason score (GS) and clinical outcome in prostate cancer. METHODS: Sixteen patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 65 patients with prostate cancer classified by GS (four groups: 2 to 4, 5 to 6, 7, and 8 to 10) were studied. All patients with carcinoma underwent prostatectomy and were separated into prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure and nonfailure groups (failure if PSA 0.1 ng/mL or more three times after surgery). Tumoral CP (Ki-67 inmunostaining and SG2M phase) and DNA ploidy were evaluated by computerized cytometry. RESULTS: BPH were diploid with low CP (8% SG2M cells or less). Carcinomas were either diploid with high CP (greater than 8% SG2M cells) or aneuploid. CP was significantly higher (P <0.001) in tumors with GS 7 or greater than in tumors with GS less than 7 (mean percent Ki-67 cells 18.3% versus 7.8%, respectively). PSA failure increased with GS (7.1% in GS 2 to 4, 21% in GS 5 to 6, 28.6% in GS 7, and 50% in GS 8 to 10), as well as with aneuploidy (18.5% in diploid tumors versus 72.7% in aneuploid tumors). Those experiencing PSA failure had significantly higher (P <0.001) CP than those not failing (mean percent Ki-67 cells 24% and mean percent SG2M 30.4% versus 8.7% and 13.5%, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed GS, DNA ploidy, Ki-67, and SG2M to each be univariately prognostic for time to PSA failure; however, Ki-67 and SG2M were more highly significant (P <0.0001 for both) than GS (P = 0.007) or DNA ploidy (P = 0.002). After adjusting for either SG2M or Ki-67 measures of CP, neither ploidy nor GS contained additional prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor CP and DNA ploidy can be reliably determined in prostate cancer by computerized cytometry. On the basis of our preliminary results, CP correlates well with GS and predicts PSA failure better than DNA ploidy or GS.     

Pathological and clinical associations of Ki-67 defined growth fractions in human prostatic carcinoma.

Estimation of the growth fraction of 153 prostatic carcinoma specimens employing Ki-67 immunostaining was undertaken and its relationship to various clinical parameters investigated. In prostate specimens, the percentage of tumour nuclei expressing Ki-67 antigen was measured and assigned a Ki-67 score. It was observed that high Ki-67 scores were associated with the poorly differentiated tumours, the correlation of this proliferation marker with histological grade was found to be significant (P less than 0.001). No relationship was observed between the Ki-67 score of the primary tumour with either the patient's age or with the primary tumor stage (T category). The metastatic status of the patient at diagnosis and the Ki-67 score of the tumour were correlated (P less than 0.05), higher Ki-67 scores being associated with M1 disease. Life-table analysis of 86 patients who subsequently received androgen withdrawal therapy, was undertaken with reference to the various Ki-67 scores of their primary tumors. A statistically significant difference in survival times was observed in patients whose Ki-67 values were less than 1% (P less than 0.0001) when compared to those patients whose tumours expressed 1% and over Ki-67 positivity, the former having longer survival times. When patients were subdivided according to their metastatic status and similar life-table analyses were carried out, no statistical difference was found between survival times and Ki-67 scores in M0 staged patients. In the M1 population of patients, however, those patients whose tumours were negative for Ki-67 expression had significantly longer survival times than those patients whose tumours exhibited positive Ki-67 staining (P less than 0.01). Comparing M1 staged patients whose prostate tumor cells exhibited less than 1% Ki-67 positive nuclei with M1 staged patients whose prostate tumour cells contained 1% and higher Ki-67 stained nuclei, a significantly longer survival time was found in the former group of patients (P approximately 0.0001).     

膀胱移行细胞癌中Ki-67与p53及VEGF的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨膀胱移行细胞癌（TCCB）中Ki-67与p53、VEGF的表达与TCCB临床病理特征的关系及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学染色方法检测113例TCCB组织中Ki-67、p53及VEGF的表达,并将结果与临床分期、病理分级进行相关性分析。结果：TCCB中Ki-67、p53和VEGF的表达率分别为82．3％（93／113）、80．5％（91／113）、90．3％（102／113）,Ki-67、p53的表达率及表达强度随着TCCB的临床分期、病理分级的升高而升高（P〈0．05）,VEGF的表达率和表达强度与肿瘤的临床分期呈正相关（P〈0．05）,与病理分级无显著相关性（P〉0．05）;Ki-67与p53、VEGF均呈正相关,r分别为0．240、0．239,相关性有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;在高分期、高分级组TCCB中Ki-67和p53、Ki-67和VEGF联合阳性表达率高于低分期、低分级组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：Ki-67的表达与TCCB的恶性程度有关,其与p53和VEGF的过度表达对TCCB的发生、发展起着协同的作用,Ki-67与p53、VEGF的联合检测更有助于TCCB临床分期、病理分级、预后判断及术后辅助治疗方案的制定。     

Correlation of increased apoptosis and proliferation with development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in ventral prostate of the Noble rat

BACKGROUND: Imbalance between cell proliferation and cell apoptosis has been considered a key factor in carcinogenesis. Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the most likely precancereous lesion and represents the major target for chemoprevention of prostate cancer. The proliferative and apoptotic activities involved in the development of PIN remain to be elucidated. METHODS: Ventral prostates were removed from Noble rats that were treated with a combination of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E(2)) for certain periods of time, and processed for histopathological grading. To evaluate the relationship between cell proliferation and apoptosis, immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67, and in situ DNA nick labeling (TUNEL) for identifying apoptotic cells, were performed on paraffin sections from prostate samples with PIN lesions. The results were correlated with expression patterns of Bcl-2 and Bax, two proteins related to cell survival and cell apoptosis. RESULTS: Pathologically, low-grade PIN (LGPIN) and high-grade PIN (HGPIN) were observed in ducts or alveoli after 3 and 5 months of T + E(2) treatment, respectively. Quantitative evaluation of Ki-67 showed an increased proliferative activity in HGPIN. In contrast to normal prostatic ducts and alveoli, which showed no positive staining for Ki-67 in the nuclei of luminal cells, 25% Ki-67-positive cells were detected in luminal cells of HGPIN. Only 7.5% Ki-67-positive cells were found belonging to the basal cell type. The Ki-67 index showed a higher growth rate from normal to HGPIN. The PCNA results showed a similar expression pattern to that of Ki-67 in normal prostate, LGPIN, and HGPIN. Apoptotic index (number of apoptotic cells/total number of cell counted) was significantly higher (P = 0.028) in HGPIN (3.23%) than in control prostate (1.19%). In contrast to control prostate, which showed no definite expression of Bcl-2, an intense positive expression of Bcl-2 in HGPIN was observed. Positive expression of Bax protein was observed in glandular epithelial cells of normal control prostate and HGPIN as well. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of Bcl-2 and higher Ki-67 or PCNA indices in HGPIN suggest that abnormal growth of premalignant lesions might result from an increase in cell proliferation. An increased apoptotic rate in HGPIN further implicates that active apoptosis may accelerate cell turnover in the development of premalignant lesions of the prostate.     

COX-2、Ki-67联合检测对良恶性前列腺病变鉴别诊断的价值分析

目的 探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)、细胞增殖核抗原Ki-67(Ki-67)联合检测对良恶性前列腺病变的鉴别诊断价值。方法 选取2017年1月至2019年6月本院收治的168例良恶性前列腺病变患者,将其中83例前列腺癌(PCa)患者设为PCa组,85例良性前列腺病变患者[良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者40例、前列腺上皮内瘤(PIN)患者45例]设为BPH+PIN组。检测两组前列腺病变组织的COX-2、Ki-67表达水平;分析前列腺组织中的COX-2、Ki-67表达水平与PCa临床病理特征的关系;采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线评价前列腺病变组织COX-2、Ki-67 mRNA表达水平对PCa的诊断和鉴别价值。结果 PCa组患者的前列腺组织中COX-2、Ki-67 mRNA及蛋白阳性表达率水平均高于BPH+PIN组（均P<0.001）;PCa组患者的前列腺组织中COX-2、Ki-67表达水平与临床分期、远处转移、淋巴结转移、浸润深度、分化程度有明显相关性（均P<0.05）,与年龄、组织类型无相关性（均P>0.05）;前列腺病变组织的COX-2、Ki-67 mRNA诊断PCa的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.885、0.868,灵敏度分别为83.13%、78.31%,特异度分别为91.76%、92.94%;两者联合鉴别PCa的灵敏度（95.18%）高于两项单独检测,而特异度（90.59%）低于两项单独检测。结论 前列腺病变组织中的COX-2联合Ki-67对PCa具有较高的诊断价值,可提高诊断灵敏度,且具有较高准确度,有助于临床鉴别良恶性前列腺病变。     

Cell proliferation of human bladder tumors determined by BrdUrd and Ki-67 immunostaining

The cell proliferation of bladder tumors was assessed in situ using BrdUrd (bromodeoxyuridine) and Ki-67 immunostaining. BrdUrd is incorporated into S-phase cells, and Ki-67 monoclonal antibody recognizes a nuclear antigen present in proliferating, but not resting cells. The percentage of labeled cells was expressed as the labeling index (LI). The average BrdUrd LI obtained applying this method to normal epithelium and to transitional cell carcinoma were 4.1% and 13.1%, respectively, while the Ki-67 LI had average values of 6.2% and 17.8%, respectively. Labeled cells were distributed throughout both the basal and surface layers of transitional cell carcinoma. In general, the value of the BrdUrd LI was correlated to that of the Ki-67 LI. A relatively large fraction of labeled cells was found in high grade or invasive tumors. Bladder tumors with lymph node involvement had higher LI than those without. In addition, a high frequency of S-phase cells within tumor tissue appeared to indicate a great potential for malignancy and thus a poor prognosis. These findings indicate that immunostaining with BrdUrd and Ki-67 may be useful tools for easy and quick evaluation of proliferating cells in bladder tumors.