肝动脉分支动脉瘤4例临床报告

目的探讨肝动脉分支的动脉瘤的诊断和处理。方法采用Seldinger技术行肝动脉插管血管造影(DSA,digitalsubtraction angiography)及栓塞(TAE),1例行腹腔镜下肝动脉结扎,另2例行手术治疗的患者中,1例行2次TAE。结果经B超、CT结合DSA诊断为胃十二指肠动脉动脉瘤1例,其余3例均因出血行DSA发现。胃十二指肠动脉动脉瘤患者先采用TAE治疗,胃十二指肠动脉远端栓塞完全,近端可疑有血流,在全气腹条件下完成腹腔镜下肝总动脉结扎。3例患者因出血采用TAE治疗,1例出血停止。另2例分别于7d和31d后出血,1例行TAE治疗后停止,另1例行手术切除和肝右动脉结扎治疗。结论TAE是治疗肝动脉及分支动脉瘤的首选方法。对较大或易出血者可行瘤体切除及肝动脉结扎。     

ERCP术后肝假性动脉瘤破裂胆道大出血2例诊治分析

目的:探讨ERCP术后肝假性动脉瘤破裂胆道大出血的临床表现、诊断和诊治方法。方法:回顾分析2例ERCP术后肝假性动脉瘤破裂治疗经过,结合文献总结此并发症的原因及诊断治疗的方法。结果:患者行肝动脉血管造影、肝动脉栓塞治疗后分别于3 d和2 d后停止出血,治愈出院。3个月后随访,均无腹痛腹胀,大便潜血阴性。结论:ERCP手术有肝假性动脉形成并破裂并发症的风险,根据其临床表现尽早肝动脉造影,积极采取肝动脉栓塞治疗的方法止血。     

肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤四例报道

目的总结肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤的发病情况、诊疗方法及预后。方法回顾性分析了2001年4月至2004年12月间肝移植术后发生的4例肝动脉假性动脉瘤患者可能的病因、诊断方法及处理原则。结果患者肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤破裂时间平均为21d(12～32d)。所有患者肝动脉假性动脉瘤均因破裂大出血均行剖腹探查,术中明确诊断。所有患者均有膈下积液,其中腹腔局部感染3例,真菌感染2例。合并胆漏1例。1例患者发生腹腔大出血3次,分别采用肝动脉重新吻合、移植物髂动脉搭桥、肝动脉结扎治疗;其余3例均采用供肝动脉结扎术。4例患者最终均因肝功能衰竭死亡。结论肝移植后发生肝动脉假性动脉瘤死亡率高,早期诊断困难,应针对病因进行预防。     

肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤的诊断和治疗.方法 回顾性分析2002年4月至2010年4月解放军第三○九医院收治的412例肝移植术后4例发生肝动脉假性动脉瘤患者的临床资料.4例患者均出现腹腔大出血,2例合并胆管出血和胆汁漏.所有患者有腹腔积液,3例合并腹腔感染.患者出现临床症状后通过剖腹探查和血管造影检查进行诊断和治疗.结果 本组患者肝动脉假性动脉瘤平均破裂出血时间为24.6 d(14～35 d).4例患者中,剖腹探查术中明确诊断1例,血管造影明确诊断3例.1例剖腹探查患者,采用肝动脉结扎术止血成功,拟行再次肝移植,在等待期中因肝功能衰竭死亡;2例患者在数字减影血管造影下行动脉瘤介入栓塞+肝动脉内带膜支架植入术,止血成功,痊愈出院;1例患者介入栓塞止血成功,但患者失血性休克时间太长,终因MODS死亡.结论 肝移植术后肝动脉假性动脉瘤早期诊断困难,病死率高,应针对病因进行预防.数字减影血管造影下介入栓塞+肝动脉内带膜支架植入术,是诊断和治疗该病的首选方案.     

IgG4硬化性胆管炎误诊为肝门胆管癌及术后消化道出血MDT讨论

目的探讨免疫球蛋白G4硬化性胆管炎(IgG4SC)误诊为肝门胆管癌以及术后胃十二指肠假性动脉瘤破裂的临床表现、诊断和治疗措施,以提高对该病的认识及合理诊治。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院诊治的1例IgG4SC误诊为肝门胆管癌且术后消化道出血患者的临床资料。结果该例患者以肝门胆管癌收入院,术前影像学检查表现为典型的肝门胆管癌影像学特征,遂行肝门胆管癌根治术,术后病理结果诊断为IgG4SC,补查血清IgG4仅轻度升高。术后1个月突发呕血,动脉造影显示胃十二指肠假性动脉瘤破裂出血,经栓塞治疗后痊愈。结论术前诊断IgG4SC较为困难,特别应与肝门胆管癌鉴别,可避免不必要的手术。胃十二指肠假性动脉瘤形成的原因主要是胃十二指肠动脉术中被损伤,肝胆疾病手术行动脉骨骼化过程中需注意动脉保护。临床怀疑假性动脉瘤形成时,应尽早行血管介入诊断并同时行栓塞治疗。     

超选微圈栓塞:肝动脉肝外假性动脉瘤高危患者的首选治疗

肝动脉肝外假性动脉瘤报道较少，确切发病不清。因假性动脉瘤比真性动脉瘤更易破裂出血而致命。因此其早期诊断和恰当的治疗更为重要。本文讨论肝外假性动脉瘤病因和治疗现状，特别强调有关检查方式和对高危患者采用超选微目治疗。病人和方法1989～1997年，7例肝动脉肝外假性动脉瘤，均为男性，平均年龄62岁。采用超选栓塞技术，将诊断用血管造影导管尽量插到假性动脉瘤供养血管，通过此导管插入3F导管，其尖端含铂，利于X光监测。用一根有较长的铂尖，极细的金属导丝（0．018）。将导丝插到相应的动脉分支。微小导管再沿导丝顺利推入，拔…     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术致假性胆囊动脉瘤的诊治体会

目的　加深对腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)致假性胆囊动脉瘤 (PCA)的认识 ,旨在提高其诊治水平。方法　报道 3例LC后致PCA的病例 ,并对其进行讨论。结果　 1例瘤体破裂致出血性休克行剖腹探查 ,并行胆囊动脉结扎 ;2例瘤体破裂前确诊 ,其中 1例行瘤体起源动脉结扎 ,1例行肝动脉造影加栓塞术。 3例均治愈。结论　B型超声可为PCA的诊断提供较可靠的依据 ;血管造影可作为本病的特异性检查 ;PCA一旦确诊 ,应在瘤体破裂之前及时手术 ,或采用超选择性介入瘤体起源动脉栓塞治疗。LC术中 ,带电器械灼伤胆囊动脉是本病的主要成因 ,应注意预防     

肝胆胰术后迟发性出血的诊治分析

目的 探讨肝胆胰术后迟发性出血的原因和诊断治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析宁夏回族自治区人民医院2015年1月至2022年3月收治的13例肝胆胰腺术后出血患者的临床资料和诊治方法,总结其出血的原因和治疗经验。结果 13例患者均有失血性休克临床表现,其中8例为消化道出血：7例为肝动脉分支假性动脉瘤破裂,1例为胆道出血;5例腹腔出血。13例患者动脉造影明确出血部位后行出血部位动脉栓塞治疗,12例出血停止痊愈。另1例患者动脉栓塞治疗失败后,行开腹行肝右动脉结扎止血术后止血。结论 假性动脉瘤形成、胰漏和腹腔感染是肝胆胰患者术后迟发性出血的主要原因。血管造影术是诊断患者术后出血重要的检查方法,动脉栓塞术是治疗术后出血的有效方法。     

经导管选择性动脉栓塞治疗创伤性假性动脉瘤

目的探讨经导管选择性动脉栓塞治疗损伤性假性动脉瘤的疗效。方法 16例损伤性出血患者,其中肾脏出血5例,肝脏出血3例,剖宫产后出血4例,切口妊娠流产1例,宫颈癌放疗后出血1例,骨外伤术后出血2例。采用经股动脉穿刺选择性插管进行靶动脉造影及栓塞治疗。采用明胶海绵和（或）弹簧钢圈栓塞瘤腔及供血动脉。结果全部患者动脉造影均见假性动脉瘤,其中2例伴有动静脉瘘。栓塞成功率100%,栓塞后即刻造影示假性动脉瘤消失,止血成功率93.75%。术后均未发生严重并发症,随防6个月均无复发。结论经导管选择性动脉栓塞治疗损伤性假性动脉瘤性出血安全有效、创伤小、并发症少,是可靠的治疗方法 。     

急诊经导管动脉栓塞治疗医源性肝动脉出血

目的探讨医源性肝动脉出血的急诊肝动脉造影表现及经导管动脉栓塞(TAE)治疗的疗效。方法对38例医源性肝动脉出血患者行急诊肝动脉造影,确定出血动脉后,以明胶海绵、PVA颗粒和弹簧圈进行急诊栓塞治疗;对其急诊肝动脉造影表现及TAE疗效进行回顾性分析。结果 38例中,21例肝动脉造影可见对比剂外溢,5例肝动静脉瘘,9例肝动脉假性动脉瘤,3例肝动脉假性动脉瘤合并肝动静脉瘘。急诊TAE后38例出血均停止,总有效率为100%(38/38)。1例术后10天复发出血,再次栓塞治疗后出血停止。随访12个月,所有患者均无肝脏坏死及异位栓塞等严重并发症发生。结论急诊TAE治疗医源性肝动脉出血安全、有效。     

胆道大出血的造影诊断及介入栓塞治疗

目的 评估血管造影和肝动脉栓塞术对胆道大出血的诊断及治疗价值。方法 回顾性分析从1993年3月至2001年7月8例胆道大出血的临床资料，所有病人急行肝动脉造影并采用明胶海绵和微钢圈进行肝动脉栓塞治疗。结果 有2例病人由于再出血再行第2次栓塞，所有病人均存活，随访2个月至7年无再出血。结论 B超选择性肝动脉造影及栓塞作为一种安全、可靠、微创的手段，为胆道大出血提供了重要的诊断及治疗依据，且比手术具有显著优良性，应作为首选。     

肝脏创伤性假性动脉瘤和动静脉瘘的诊治

目的 探讨肝脏创伤性假性动脉瘤(post-traumatic intrahepatic pseudoaneurysm，HPA)及动静瘘瘦(arteriovenous fistula,AVF)的临床特点及诊疗手段。方法 肝创伤性HPA／AVF病人13例，对其临床资料进行回顾性总结。结果 其主要病因为严重肝破裂伤和深部肝穿刺伤(10例)，病变部位肝右叶(8例)＞左叶(3例)＞肝门部(2例)，症状以迟发性出血伴腹痛为主(11例)，诊断率贴A＞CT＞B超。治疗包括肝动脉栓塞治疗(7例)，肝叶切除(3例)，瘤体切除、肝动脉结扎(2例)，1例未做特殊治疗。结论 创伤性HPA／AVF是肝外伤后迟发出血的重要原因，肝动脉造影及栓塞术是该类疾病的主要诊疗手段。     

Clinical and pathological analysis of hepatic artery aneurysm in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: Report of a case

A hepatic artery aneurysm is an unusual but life-threatening hepatobiliary complication occurring in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and early diagnosis and treatment of this complication are essential. A 31-year-old man with SLE presented with recurring epigastric pain and jaundice for 2 months; he was diagnosed with choledocholithiasis and underwent surgery. Hemobilia was found intraoperatively, and two hepatic artery aneurysms were identified in the left lateral lobe during postoperative arteriography. Major hemobilia occurred 6 days after the operation, and the patient was immediately treated with selective embolization of the hepatic artery. However, the major hemobilia recurred 2 days later, and he was treated with a left lateral lobectomy and ligation of the proximal hepatic artery. The patient recovered uneventfully and is in good condition. A histological analysis revealed small- and medium-sized arteritis as well as hepatic artery aneurysm. Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by a hepatic artery aneurysm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients showing symptoms of abdominal pain, jaundice, or gastrointestinal bleeding.     

肾损伤的诊断与治疗(附99例报告)

目的 探讨总结99例肾损伤的诊断及治疗方法.方法 本组均行B超、静脉肾盂造影(IVP)、CT和数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,阳性率分别为92.7%,69.6%,92.9%和78.6%;非手术治愈73例;手术治愈26例,其中肾切除13例,肾修补术5例,肾静脉修补术2例,肾部分切除2例,肾动脉栓塞术4例.结果 死亡1例(1%),98例痊愈出院(98.9%).结论 CT检查准确率高,可判断肾损伤程度.B超检查无创无害、简便快速等优点,可以作为肾损伤的首选检查方法.DSA检查适宜诊断肾蒂伤,及进行肾动脉栓塞治疗.超选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾挫伤安全有效,对严重肾损伤和开放性肾损伤应及时手术探查.     

原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的外科治疗

目的 探讨原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的合理治疗方法。方法 1994年1月至2004年12月我院收治67例原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进患者，17例行肝切除联合脾切除，7例行单纯肝切除，43例行肝动脉栓塞化疗联合脾动脉栓塞。结果 肝切除联合脾切除组术后30d患者脾功能亢进症状消失，外周血细胞恢复正常。单纯肝切除组术后脾功能亢进症状加重，其中6例于术后3～7个月分别行脾动脉栓塞治疗。肝动脉栓塞化疗联合脾动脉栓塞组治疗后30 d 79％（34／43）的病例脾功能亢进症状改善，外周血细胞恢复正常。结论 原发性肝癌合并脾功能亢进的处理应争取行肝切除联合脾切除治疗，如肝癌不能切除，则应争取行肝动脉栓塞化疗联合脾动脉栓塞治疗。     

Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm: A Report of Seven Cases and a Review of the Literature

Purpose To analyze seven cases of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) encountered at our hospital and review the relevant literature.Methods We searched the computerized medical record database from January 1, 1996, to September 1, 2003, to identify all cases of HAP, which we then reviewed in detail, examining etiology, findings, laboratory data, therapeutic intervention, complications, and outcome. We then compared these findings with those reported in the literature.Results There were five cases of HAP among 18 015 trauma and surgical admissions to the University of California Irvine Medical Center, representing an incidence of 0.03%. There were an additional two cases of HAP among 200 orthotopic liver transplants (OLT). The five HAPs not associated with OLT were preceded by blunt abdominal trauma, liver biopsy, pancreatic pseudocyst, and polyarteritis nodosa, in one patient each, and there was no apparent cause in one patient. Two patients were treated by ligation, and the patients with post-OLT HAP underwent resection and replacement with saphenous bypass grafts. Successful embolization was performed in the other three patients.Conclusion Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare but dangerous complication of both acute surgical and chronic injury to the hepatic artery. However, early diagnosis and intervention can result in an excellent long-term outcome.     

Pseudoaneurysm of the Hepatic Artery and Hemobilia: A Rare Complication of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; Clinical Case and Literature Review

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the Gold Standard for the treatment of symptomatic cholelithiasis. There is still an increase in the rate of incidence of biliary and vascular injuries with laparoscopy. Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare but serious complication associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy and bile duct injury. The diagnosis may be difficult. Our experience of a case of iatrogenic lesion of the right hepatic artery with the formation of pseudoaneurysm treated by means of embolization of the artery is presented here.     

介入放射技术在肾损伤诊疗中的应用价值

目的探讨介入放射技术在肾损伤诊疗中的应用价值。方法回顾分析36例闭合性肾损伤的临床资料。结果保守治疗治愈14例,手术治愈4例,选择性肾动脉栓塞治愈18例。结论介入放射技术具有操作简便、创伤小、反应轻、恢复快的优点,可准确地显示损伤血管,有效栓塞损伤血管,是治疗肾内血管损伤微创而疗效可靠的手段。     

Transcatheter embolization in the treatment of massive bleeding due to maxillofacial injury

Thirty-one cases of massive bleeding due to blunt maxillofacial injuries were treated by several procedures. Blind techniques, such as nasal and/or oral packing or ligation of external carotid artery, failed to achieve hemostasis in 13 of the 18 cases (72.2%) in which they were employed before 1984. Since then, carotid angiography has documented the location of the bleeding in 12 of the 13 cases (92.3%) in which it was employed. Each of the four cases in which extravasation was visualized from the external carotid artery was successfully treated by transcatheter embolization. We conclude that selective, angiographically guided embolization can reliably achieve hemostasis in a high proportion of patients with maxillofacial injury who are in danger of exsanguination from the branches of the external carotid artery.