盐酸奥芬米洛对肾移植犬酸碱代谢的影响

目的:观察盐酸奥芬米洛对肾移植犬酸碱代谢的影响.方法:选体重为(12±2)kg的健康Beagle犬,进行同种异体肾移植手术,伪手术组只摘除右肾,保留左肾,移植组移植左肾,摘除右肾,定时进行电解质生化指标监测,并记录肾移植犬的死亡数,观察盐酸奥芬米洛对肾移植犬血液pH、Na 、K 、Ca2 、Mg2 、Lac、Glu、Scr、BUN的影响.结果:给予盐酸奥芬米洛后,肾移植犬的Scr、BUN水平上升幅度明显下降,血清中的K 浓度明显降低,Na 、Ca2 浓度明显提高,而pH值、Mg2 浓度和Glu、Lac浓度均无明显影响.结论:盐酸奥芬米洛能改善肾移植犬的肾功能,有效维持肾移植犬血液pH和K 、Ca2 、Na 、Mg2 浓度,防止电解质代谢失衡,改善机体的酸碱代谢.     

同种异体Beagle犬肾移植模型的建立

通过建立一种可靠简便的Beagle犬肾移植模型,观察了伪手术组与模型组犬肾移植术后血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)和一般情况变化。发现Beagle犬肾移植模型稳定;Beagle犬经肾移植术后第3天起,血清Scr和BUN迅速升高,Scr从术前61.1±1 3.5 μ mol／L上升到术后1153.9±124.4μmol／L,BUN从术前3.6 8±0.62 mmol／L到术后24.23±7.17 mmol／L,而伪手术组的Scr和BUN则一直稳定维持;一般情况观察和移植肾外观形态检查均发现典型的急性排斥反应表现。因此,该模型制作简便、可靠,稳定性高,可用于移植免疫学研究和免疫抑制剂药物的筛选。     

肾愈汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床观察

目的 观察中药复方肾愈汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)的疗效,以探讨中医药治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的途径.方法 选取36例慢性肾功能衰竭住院患者,以肾愈汤辨证施治,疗程3个月,观察治疗前后尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)、血磷、钙、白蛋白(ALB)、24 h 尿蛋白定量以及尿毒症症状变化.结果 36例患者治疗后临床症状均有明显改善;BUN及Scr均有明显下降;ALb及Ccr均有明显升高;血磷下降,血钙上升与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 肾愈汤可以延缓肾功能衰竭的进展,并能改善尿毒症症状.     

血液透析治疗糖尿病肾功能衰竭临床研究

目的:探讨血液透析(HD)对糖尿病肾功能衰竭治疗的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析57例糖尿病肾功能衰竭患者的临床资料,观察其血液透析前后尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)、尿蛋白的变化,以及透析后的并发症。结果:血透后,BUN、Scr、Ccr、尿蛋白均明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肾功能得到明显的改善。结论:对于糖尿病肾功能衰竭患者,采用血液透析进行治疗,可以有效地改善患者的肾脏功能,并能提高生存率。     

肾浊清灌肠液治疗早中期慢性肾衰竭

目的 观察肾浊清灌肠液治疗早、中期慢性肾衰的临床疗效.方法 将60例慢性肾衰患者,采用随机数字表分为2组,对照组30例,予爱西特、开同等常规药物口服进行治疗,治疗组30例,在常规治疗的基础上,配合使用肾浊清灌肠液灌肠治疗,2组均15 d为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程.对比治疗前后尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)及肌酐清除率(Ccr)改善程度,及临床各症状积分改善情况.结果 治疗后2组肾功能指标均有所改善,且治疗组较对照组尿素氮(BUN)和血清肌酐(Scr)明显下降,肌酐清除率(Ccr)明显上升或者好转,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组总有效率达93.9％,对照组总有效率达77.3％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 肾浊清灌肠液具有利湿解毒、化痰降浊、活血化瘀之功,通过结肠给药,可以直接清除肠腔内及肠黏膜上的有毒代谢产物,明显改善患者的肾功能指标及临床症状,有效缓解病情,进而延缓慢性肾衰竭患者病程进展.     

左卡尼汀联合血液透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的效果观察

目的研究左卡尼汀联合血液透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭(chronic renal failure,CRF)的效果。方法选取2015年3月至2016年4月延津县人民医院收治的52例CRF患者,按随机数表法分组,各26例,给予对照组血液透析治疗,观察组接受左卡尼汀+血液透析治疗,比较两组临床疗效、肾功能指标[血肌酐(Scr)、血清尿素氮(BUN)以及内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)]变化情况及生活质量评分。结果观察组总有效率(88.46%)高于对照组(57.69%),治疗后观察组Ccr、BUN、Scr及生活质量评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论左卡尼汀联合血液透析治疗CRF肾功能,可有效改善患者肾功能,提高其治疗效果及生活质量。     

前列地尔联合中药灌肠治疗慢性肾功能不全的疗效观察

目的:观察前列地尔联合中药灌肠治疗慢性肾功能不全的疗效. 方法:将60例慢性肾功能不全的患者随机分为两组(治疗组和对照组).两组患者均给予优质低蛋白饮食,静脉滴注肾安针,积极控制血压、血糖、纠正贫血、纠正水电解质及酸碱失衡.治疗组在对照组的基础上加用前列地尔针80μg ,1次/日;和中药煎汁保留灌肠,1次/日,15天为一个疗程.结果:治疗前后相比,治疗组的血肌酐(Scr)和尿素氮(BUN)降低,肌酐清除率(Ccr)上升,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);治疗组与对照组相比,治疗后,两组的血肌酐(Scr)和肌酐清除率(Ccr)均有差异(P＜0.05).结论:前列地尔联合中药灌肠治疗慢性肾功能不全是一种安全、有效的治疗方法.     

应用波依定治疗肾性高血压及肾功能不全

目的 :探讨波依定对肾性高血压及肾功能不全的治疗效果。方法 :10 6例慢性肾脏疾病患者 ,每日口服波依定 2 5 -2 0mg ,每日一次 ,疗程 4周 ,观测治疗前后血压、2 4小时 (h)尿蛋白定量、血尿素氮 (BUN)、血肌酐 (Scr)、内生肌酐清除率 (Ccr)的变化。结果 :治疗后血压下降明显 (P <0 0 1) ,2 4h尿蛋白定量、BUN、Scr、明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,而Ccr明显升高 (P <0 0 1) ,不良反应较轻。结论 :波依定治疗肾性高血压降压作用明显 ,并可减少尿蛋白 ,保护和改善肾脏功能。     

急性肾功能衰竭62例临床分析

急性肾功能衰竭(ARF),是以肾功能在数小时至数周之内急剧恶化,内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)下降达正常值的50％以下,导致肾脏排出氮质代谢废物的能力     

前列腺素E1脂微球载体制剂对慢性肾衰患者血管紧张素Ⅰ和Ⅱ、醛固酮及肾功能的影响

【目的】探讨前列腺素E1脂微球载体(Lipo-PGE1)制剂对慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者血管紧张素Ⅰ(AngⅠ)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ),醛固酮(ALD)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)和内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)的影响。【方法】对42例诊断为CRF的患者每13静滴或直接缓慢静推Lipo-PGE120～30μg,连续应用4周,检测患者治疗前后AngⅠ、AngⅡ、ALD、BUN、Scr和Ccr的变化。【结果】CRF患者治疗后AngⅠ、AngⅡ、ALD、BUN、Scr均较治疗前有明显下降(P<0.01),Ccr较治疗前有明显升高(P<0.01)。【结论】Lipo-PGEt可以使CRF患者的AngⅠ、AngⅡ、ALD减少,BUN和Scr明显降低,而Ccr明显增加,改善病人肾功能。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.