Serum sodium predicts mortality in patients listed for liver transplantation

With the implementation of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), refractory ascites, a known predictor of mortality in cirrhosis, was removed as a criterion for liver allocation. Because ascites is associated with low serum sodium, we evaluated serum sodium as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with cirrhosis who were listed for liver transplantation and whether the addition of serum sodium to MELD was superior to MELD alone. This is a single-center retrospective cohort of all adult patients with cirrhosis listed for transplantation from February 27, 2002, to December 26, 2003. Listing laboratories were those nearest the listing date +/-2 months. Of the 513 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 341 were still listed, while 172 were removed from the list (105 for transplantation, 56 for death, 11 for other reasons). The median serum sodium and MELD scores were 137 mEq/L (range, 110-155) and 15 (range, 6-51), respectively, at listing. Median follow-up was 201 (range, 1-662) days. The risk of death with serum sodium <126 mEq/L at listing or while listed was increased, with hazard ratios of 7.8 (P < .001) and 6.3 (P < .001), respectively, and the association was independent of MELD. The c-statistics of receiver operating characteristic curves for predicting mortality at 3 months based upon listing MELD with and without listing serum sodium were 0.883 and 0.897, respectively, and at 6 months were 0.871 and 0.905, respectively. In conclusion, serum sodium <126 mEq/L at listing or while listed for transplantation is a strong independent predictor of mortality. Addition of serum sodium to MELD increases the ability to predict 3- and 6-month mortality in patients with cirrhosis.     

Pretherapy neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio do not predict survival in resectable pancreatic cancer

Background

Pretherapy serum neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have both been identified as prognostic in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic implication of pretherapy NLR and PLR in patients with resectable PDAC.

肺腺癌患者中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比率和血小板-淋巴细胞比率的临床价值

<正>肺癌在世界上是发病率最高的肿瘤,其死亡率也居世界上癌症患者死亡的首位[1],而所有的肺癌中,肺腺癌所占比重最高,并且发病率逐渐升高[2]。尽管近些年来关于肺腺癌早期诊断的分子标志物不断增多,但是只有极少数真正实现了临床应用,多是因为这些靶标缺少充足的临床证明,以及难以标准化检测[3]。因此,对于患者的常规检查结果进行分析是很有意义的。近年来研究发现,中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR)以及血小板与淋巴细胞比率(platelet to lymphocyte ratio,PLR)与多种肿瘤的病理参数以及预后密切相关[4-6],因此,对NLR和PLR与肺癌之间的关系进行研究有重要意义。     

中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比率对急性冠状动脉综合征患者住院及长期死亡率的预测价值

目的探讨入院时中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比率(NLR)预测急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者住院及长期死亡率的价值。方法连续收集2008年7月至2010年12月入住我院心脏中心CCU的1534例ACS患者的临床资料,选择符合入选标准的1022例患者进行随访,共899例患者完成了随访。根据入院即刻的血常规结果,按NLR大小将患者分为低、中、高值3组,对3组ACS患者的住院及长期死亡率进行比较。结果随着NLR增高,患者的男性比例(χ2=6.497)、患高血压(χ2=12.577)和糖尿病的比例(χ2=9.744)、有冠心病家族史的比例(χ2=10.396)等均明显增加(均为P<0.05),而吸烟者比例则明显减少(χ2=6.506,P<0.05)。住院及随访期间共死亡患者132例,与低值组比较,高值组患者住院死亡率明显升高(8.5%比2.4%,χ2=37.765,P<0.001)。COX回归分析表明,NLR是住院及随访期间死亡率重要的预测因子,与低值组比较,高值组患者住院期间死亡危险比为2.13(95%CI:1.37～3.98,P=0.02),随访期间死亡危险比为2.88(95%CI:1.71～6.06,P<0.001)。结论入院时NLR是与ACS患者住院及随访期间死亡密切相关的独立危险因素。     

Predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio for in-hospital mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction

正Objective To explore the prognostic value of biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI),this study was to investigate the associations between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events(GRACE)score and in-hospital mortality.Methods Seven hundred and seven consecutive AMI patients were divided into diabetic group(DM-AMI group),impaired     

Utility of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio for predicting in-hospital mortality after levosimendan infusion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a levosimendan infusion on hematological variables in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). The predictive value of these variables for in-hospital mortality was also evaluated.MethodsA total of 553 patients (368 males; mean age, 63.4 ± 14.9 years) with acute exacerbations of advanced heart failure (ejection fraction ≤35%) and treated with either dobutamine or levosimendan were included in this retrospective analysis. The patients that received levosimendan therapy were divided into two groups according to in-hospital mortality: group 1 (21%) included patients who died during hospitalization (n = 45), while group 2 (79%) included patients with a favorable outcome (n = 174) after levosimendan infusion. Changes in several hematological variables between admission and the third day after levosimendan infusion were evaluated.ResultsThe demographic characteristics and risk factors of the two groups were similar. A comparison of changes in laboratory variables after the infusion of levosimendan revealed significant improvement only in those patients who had not died (group 2) during hospitalization. The neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio after levosimendan infusion was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 1.310, 95% CI: 1.158–1.483, p < 0.001). In a receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis, a value of 5.542 for the N/L ratio after levosimendan administration was identified as an effective cut-off point for predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve = 0.737; 95% confidence interval = 1100–1301; p < 0.001).ConclusionsLevosimendan treatment was associated with significant changes in hematological variables in patients with ADHF. A sustained higher N/L ratio after levosimendan infusion is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with ADHF.     

The association between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients: A prospective study

The Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was shown to be associated with disease severity, poor prognosis and increased mortality in sepsis. However, the association between NLR and sepsis prognosis remains controversial.Our study aims to prospectively examine the prognostic ability of NLR in predicting in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients and determine the optimal cutoff of NLR that can most accurately predict in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients. This study was a prospective cohort study that included adult sepsis patients that presented to the emergency department of a tertiary care center between September 2018 and February 2021.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio that predicts in-hospital mortality. Patients were divided into 2 groups: above and below the optimal cutoff. Stepwise logistic regression was performed to assess the magnitude of the association between NLR and in-hospital mortality.A total of 865 patients were included in the study. The optimal cutoff for the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio that predicts in-hospital mortality was found to be 14.20 with a sensitivity of 44.8% and a specificity of 65.3% (with PPV = 0.27 and NPV = 0.80). The area under the curve for the ratio was 0.552 with a 95% confidence intervals = [0.504–0.599] with a P value = .03. Patients that have a NLR above the cutoff were less likely to survive with time compared to patients below the cutoff based on the Kaplan–Meier curves. In the stepwise logistic regression, the optimal neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio cutoff was not associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratios = 1.451, 95% confidence intervals = [0.927–2.270], P = .103).In conclusion the optimal cutoff of the NLR that predicts in-hospital mortality among sepsis patients was 14.20. There was no association between the NLR and in-hospital mortality in sepsis patients after adjusting for confounders. Further studies with a larger sample size should be done to determine the optimal NLR cutoff and its prognostic role in septic patients (in-hospital mortality and other clinically significant outcomes).     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值对PCI术后ACS患者预后评价的价值

目的:探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞计数比值(NLR)对行经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法:选择在我院行PCI的ACS患者125例,根据GRACE评分(GRS)患者被分为低危组(GRS≤108分,38例)、中危组(109分≤GRS≤140分,46例)、高危组(GRS>140分,41例)。比较不同危险分层组血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)和血浆N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平及NLR值。根据住院期间和出院后1年内MACE发生情况,患者被分为MACE组(94例)和非MACE组(31例),比较两组GRS、NLR值及CRP水平。采用ROC曲线评价NLR对患者MACE的预测价值。结果:随着ACS的危险分层的上升,NLR值[1.80(0.76)比2.68(1.33)比3.82(3.25)]显著升高(P均=0.001)。与非MACE组比较,MACE组GRS[114.0(37.5)分比162.0(52.0)分]、NLR值[2.4(1.5)比3.9(4.8)]和CRP[3.5(6.9)mg/L比12.2(40.8)mg/L]水平均显著升高(P均=0.001)。ROC曲线分析NLR、GRS、GRS+NLR对发生MACE的预测价值,其曲线下面积(AUC)分别为:0.810(95%CI:0.722~0.897)、0.837(95%CI:0.756~0.917)、0.849(95%CI:0.774~0.925)。结论:NLR作为一项简便易获取的常规检验指标,联合GRACE评分可更加准确地预测PCI术后ACS患者的预后,具有重要临床价值。     

Implication of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with thyrotoxicosis:significance in differential diagnosis

正Objective The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR)have been identified as the biomarkers to predict systemic inflammation.However,there is less study to investigate the association between the biomarkers and thyrotoxicosis.Methods A total of 1 012 healthy subjects and 1 599newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis patients were enrolled in     

NLR和PLR预测经TACE治疗的原发性肝癌患者预后的价值初步分析*

目的 探讨应用中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）和血小板/淋巴细胞比值（PLR）预测经动脉导管化学栓塞（TACE）治疗的原发性肝癌（PLC）患者预后的价值。方法 回顾性分析2012年8月~2014年8月我院肝胆外科收治的98例PLC患者,均接受TACE治疗。采用多因素回归分析影响3 a生存率的因素,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）判断NLR和PLR的预测价值。结果 98例经TACE治疗的PLC患者1 a、2 a和3 a生存率分别为53.1%、42.9%和39.8%;NLR≤1.82组1 a、2 a和3 a生存率分别为73.9%、56.5%和52.2%,而NLR>1.82组则分别为46.7%、38.7%和36.0%（P<0.05）;PLR≤95.65组患者1 a、2 a和3 a 生存率分别为70.0%、60.0%和53.3%,而PLR>95.65组则分别为45.6%、35.3%和33.8%（P<0.05）;多因素分析结果显示,肿瘤个数≥2个、肿瘤直径>50 mm和NLR>1.82预示PLC患者在TACE术后预后较差,均为影响患者术后生存的独立危险因素。结论 在PLC患者行TACE术前应评估NLR水平,其水平高者,可能预后差。该方法简便易行,但需要扩大验证。     

Usefulness of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting long-term mortality in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (N/L) has been associated with poor outcomes in patients who underwent cardiac angiography. Nevertheless, its role for risk stratification in acute coronary syndromes, specifically in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), has not been elucidated. We sought to determine the association of N/L maximum value (N/L max) with mortality in the setting of STEMI and to compare its predictive ability with total white blood cell maximum count (WBC max). We analyzed 515 consecutive patients admitted with STEMI to a single university center. White blood cells (WBC) and differential count were measured at admission and daily for the first 96 hours afterward. Patients with cancer, inflammatory diseases, or premature death were excluded, and 470 patients were included in the final analysis. The association between N/L max and WBC max with mortality was assessed by Cox regression analysis. During follow-up, we registered 106 deaths (22.6%). A positive trend between mortality and N/L max quintiles was observed; 6.4%, 12.4%, 11.7%, 34%, and 47.9% of deaths occurred from quintiles 1 to 5 (p <0.001), respectively. In a multivariable setting, after adjusting for standard risk factors, patients in the fourth (Q4 vs Q1) and fifth quintile (Q5 vs Q1) showed the highest mortality risk (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% confidence interal 1.06 to 6.32, p = 0.038 and hazard ratio 4.20, 95% confidence interal 1.73 to 10.21, p = 0.001, respectively). When WBC max and cells subtypes were entered together, N/L max remained as the only WBC parameter; furthermore, the model with N/L max showed the most discriminative ability. In conclusion, N/L max is a useful marker to predict subsequent mortality in patients admitted for STEMI, with a superior discriminative ability than total WBC max.     

Usefulness of an elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in predicting long-term mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention

The neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio is a recently described independent predictor of death/myocardial infarction in patients who have undergone coronary angiography. We hypothesized that an elevated N/L ratio would be a predictor of long-term mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1,046 patients who underwent PCI were divided into tertiles based on their preprocedural N/L ratio (mean N/L ratio, tertile 1, 1.7 +/- 0.5; tertile 2: 3.2 +/- 0.6; tertile 3, 11.2 +/- 12.9). Vital status was assessed using the Social Security Death Index. There were a total of 144 deaths over a mean follow-up of 32 months. The best survival was seen in tertile 1, with an increase in long-term mortality seen in tertiles 2 and 3 (p <0.0001). In multivariable modeling, after adjusting for age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, left ventricular ejection fraction, serum hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and lesion severity, the log N/L, but not the white blood cell count, was an independent significant predictor of long-term mortality (hazard ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.3, to 3.04, p = 0.01). The risk persisted when patients with an acute myocardial infarction were excluded from the analysis (hazard ratio 2.46, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 4.4, p = 0.002). In conclusion, an elevated preprocedural N/L ratio in patients undergoing PCI is associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality.