全视网膜光凝联合雷珠单抗与曲安奈德治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的疗效及费用比较

目的：比较分析全视网膜光凝联合雷珠单抗与曲安奈德(TA)玻璃体腔注射治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的疗效及医疗费用。

方法：收集我院糖尿病视网膜病变伴黄斑水肿患者48例48眼。所有患者行全视网膜激光光凝后随机分为两组。雷珠单抗组：玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗0.5mg,4wk 1次。共3次。TA组：注射曲安奈德4mg/0.1mL。治疗12wk后若黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)≥400μm,则再次注射各组对应药物。随访6mo,对比观察两组患者治疗前及注射药物后的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、CMT、眼压及相关治疗费用。

结果：两组患者BCVA和CMT均无显著统计学差异(P>0.05),不同测量时间点BCVA和CMT具有显著统计学差异,不同治疗方法和时间点BCVA及CMT均存在交互作用(P<0.05)。除了TA组注药后1wk时BCVA较治疗前无明显提高(P=0.33),其余各时间点两组BCVA均较治疗前提高(P<0.05)。治疗12、16wk雷珠单抗组BCVA提高较TA组明显,两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.03、0.045)。雷珠单抗组及TA组CMT注药后较注药前均有降低(P<0.05)。注射后1wk两组之间CMT差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。除了1例患者需使用降眼压药物,其余两组患者眼压均在正常范围内。治疗12wk内本研究相关诊疗平均费用雷珠单抗组患者为38 736元,TA组为5 790元。治疗24wk两组平均费用分别为42 564元及7 053元。

结论：短期内全视网膜光凝联合雷珠单抗与曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射均能有效控制DME,两组治疗方法无显著差异,但全视网膜激光联合玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗DME更经济。     

雷珠单抗联合577nm多点扫描矩阵激光光凝治疗DME

目的：探讨雷珠单抗联合577nm多点扫描矩阵激光光凝治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)患者临床疗效。

方法：选取2017-01/2018-06我院收治的DME的患者94例127眼。按治疗方法的不同分为：单一组：仅通过玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗DME; 联合组：玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合577nm多点扫描矩阵激光治疗DME。观察两组患者完成3次雷珠单抗注射后1mo治疗效果; 分别在治疗前、完成3次雷珠单抗注射后1、3、6mo检查两组患者的视力改善情况; 采用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检测两组患者黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT); 使用眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)检测视网膜新生血管渗漏面积以及术后并发症情况。

结果：两组患者完成3次雷珠单抗注射后1mo,联合组患者的治疗有效率(100%)高于单一组(97%)(P>0.05)。治疗前两组患者BCVA分别为0.57±0.20、0.56±0.18(P>0.05),完成3次雷珠单抗注射后1、3、6mo患者单一组BCVA分别为0.39±0.05、0.23±0.06、0.18±0.05,联合组BCVA分别为0.28±0.08、0.18±0.07、0.12±0.06,联合组患者BCVA优于对照组(P<0.001)。治疗前两组患者CMT分别为389±42.54、386±38.25μm(P>0.05),完成3次雷珠单抗注射后1、3、6mo单一组CMT分别为333.84±38.18、297.12±27.10、278.15±26.24μm,联合组CMT分别为315.04±39.07、274.35±28.63、253.65±25.91μm,联合组患者CMT改善情况优于单一组(P<0.001)。治疗前两组患者视网膜新生血管渗漏面积分别为22.31±3.26、21.98±3.18mm²(P>0.05),完成雷珠单抗注射后3、6mo,单一组渗漏面积分别为18.34±2.19、7.81±1.28mm²,联合组渗漏面积分别为14.92±1.98、5.39±1.42mm²(P<0.001)。单一组患者共3眼出现并发症,联合组患者共4眼出现并发症,两组患者并发症发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：雷珠单抗联合577nm多点扫描矩阵激光光凝对DME患者均有治疗效果且安全,联合治疗长期效果要优于单独行玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗。     

曲安奈德联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗BRVO继发黄斑水肿的疗效

目的：分析曲安奈德(TA)联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发黄斑水肿(ME)的疗效及安全性。

方法：将2016-01/2020-01在本院诊治的BRVO继发ME患者147例147眼随机分为观察组(73眼)和对照组(74眼),观察组接受玻璃体腔注射TA联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗,对照组接受玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗。随访6mo,比较两组的疗效及安全性指标。

结果：治疗后两组最佳矫正视力(BCVA,LogMAR)均较治疗前改善; 治疗后1mo时观察组BCVA优于对照组(0.22±0.15 vs 0.27±0.13,P<0.05); 治疗后6mo时观察组中年龄<50岁患者BCVA显著优于对照组中年龄<50岁患者(0.09±0.04 vs 0.14±0.06,P<0.05),两组中浆液性视网膜脱离(SRD)型患者BCVA均显著优于囊样水肿(CME)型与混合型患者,CME型患者BCVA均显著优于混合型患者(P<0.05),但两组之间各ME分型亚组患者BCVA均无差异(P>0.05)。治疗后两组黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)均较治疗前明显下降; 治疗后3mo时观察组CMT高于对照组(309.76±84.24μm vs 258.75±88.76μm,P<0.01)。治疗后1wk,1、3、6mo时观察组眼压均高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后6mo时,两组浅层毛细血管(SCP)血流密度较治疗前明显上升(P<0.05),深层毛细血管(DCP)血流密度、中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积则未见明显改变(P>0.05)。观察组眼压升高发生率高于对照组(28.8% vs 14.9%),玻璃体腔注射次数低于对照组(1.21±0.74次vs 3.62±2.08次)。

结论：TA联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗BRVO继发ME可短期内将视力维持在一定水平,在视力、CMT上的获益与康柏西普联合黄斑区格栅样光凝治疗相当,但存在眼压升高现象,需加强眼压监测。     

阿柏西普与雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效比较

目的：分析阿柏西普和雷珠单抗对糖尿病性黄斑水肿治疗的疗效。

方法：前瞻性研究。选择2019-11/2020-02于邢台市人民医院眼科首次就诊的糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的患者纳入研究,随机按治疗方式分为阿柏西普组与雷珠单抗组,采用3+PRN(pro re nata)的治疗方案,两次注射时间间隔至少4wk,所有患者均先注射3次,随访时根据患者的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)及黄斑部中心凹视网膜厚度(CFT)的大小决定是否再次注射,患者均完成12mo随访,记录治疗前后两组患者的BCVA、CFT、眼压以及注射次数的变化。

结果：两组患者的BCVA、CFT在术前及术后随访中均有差异(P<0.05),两组间BCVA及CFT随访期间均无差异(P>0.05)。随访结束时,阿柏西普组平均注射次数为6.094±0.689次,雷珠单抗组为7.231±0.652次,比较无差异(t=-6.403,P<0.05)。所有患者均未出现眼部并发症以及全身不良反应。

结论：与玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗比较,注射阿柏西普注射液治疗DME能取得相似的治疗效果,且注射次数更少。     

非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿抗VEGF治疗的疗效研究

目的：探究雷珠单抗与康柏西普治疗非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿的疗效及安全性。

方法：选取我院于2014-03/2018-05收治的非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿患者80例80眼,随机分为A组(40例)和B组(40例),分别行玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗和康柏西普治疗。随访3mo,比较治疗前后两组患者的眼压、CMT、黄斑中心体积(CMV)、BCVA、玻璃体腔注射次数和并发症发生情况。

结果：治疗后2wk,1、2、3mo,B组患者CMT、CMV、BCVA均明显优于A组(P<0.05)。随访3mo,B组患者视力提高比例显著高于A组(65% vs 38%,P<0.05),玻璃体腔注射次数显著低于A组(P<0.05),但两组患者并发症发生情况(5% vs 0%)无明显差异(P=0.999)。

结论：与雷珠单抗比较,康柏西普治疗非缺血型视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿在改善视力,降低CMT和CMV,减少玻璃体腔注射次数方面具有一定优势。     

玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿

目的：评价玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗（ ranibizumab ）联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的临床价值。 方法：确诊为糖尿病黄斑水肿的患者60例60眼按照随机原则分为两组：单纯注药组30例30眼,行玻璃体腔内雷珠单抗注射;联合治疗组30例30眼,先行玻璃体腔内雷珠单抗注射,再于注药1 wk后行黄斑格栅样光凝。观察两组治疗后最佳矫正视力（ BCVA ）,光学相干断层扫描（ OCT ）显示的黄斑中心凹厚度（ CMT ）及术后并发症等。 结果：单纯注药组治疗后4,8,12 wk 的 BCVA 分别为0.390±0.075,0.367±0.088,0.319±0.064,CMT分别为221.63±112.34,337.73±99.56,432.92±100.46μm,与治疗前相比效果明显,但治疗后随访期间BCVA呈现下降趋势,CMT呈现上升趋势。而联合治疗组治疗后4,8,12wk的BCVA分别为0.385±0.036,0.382±0.079,0.377±0.097,CMT分别为249.77±106.55,270.40±92.88,275.84±97.34μm,可见治疗后效果满意,且随访期间疗效保持平稳。治疗后8,12 wk联合治疗组BCVA及CMT均优于单纯治疗组（P〈0.05）。 结论：玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗能够有效提高糖尿病黄斑水肿患者的视力,降低黄斑中心凹厚度,联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗更能保证疗效稳定而持久。     

黄斑局灶/格栅样光凝术联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效

目的：探讨单独采用黄斑局灶/格栅样光凝术与黄斑局灶/格栅样光凝术联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿(diabetic macular edema,DME)患者的疗效。

方法：本研究观察对象为2014-08/2016-08于我院眼科治疗的DME患者70例99眼,按照治疗方式不同分为观察组与对照组。对照组49眼单独行黄斑局灶/格栅样光凝术治疗,观察组50眼在此基础上术前5～7d加用玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗。比较两组患者手术前后最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA),光学相干断层成像技术(optical coherence tomography,OCT)检查各时期中央黄斑厚度(central macular thickness,CMT),采用荧光素眼底血管造影(fluorescein fundus angiography,FFA)检查比较视网膜新生血管(retinal neovascularization,RNV)渗漏面积以及黄斑水肿渗漏情况。

结果：两组患者手术后BCVA均明显改善,且观察组术后各时间点均显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组患者治疗后CMT、RNV渗漏面积均显著降低,且观察组术后各时间点均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组术前均有不同程度黄斑水肿渗漏发生,术后观察组黄斑水肿渗漏眼数比例显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组均无明显并发症出现。

结论：黄斑局灶/格栅样光凝术联合雷珠单抗联合治疗DME疗效更优,视力改善更显著。     

激光光凝联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿

目的：比较激光光凝与激光光凝联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效。

方法：随机对照研究。纳入糖尿病性黄斑水肿患者134例180眼,随机分为试验组和对照组。两组患者年龄、性别、病程、BCVA、IOP、CMT均无差异(P>0.05)。试验组接受黄斑格栅光凝联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗,对照组接受黄斑格栅光凝。治疗后1wk,3mo测量两组BCVA、IOP、CMT并进行比较。

结果：治疗前、治疗后1wk,3mo,两组IOP比较均无差异(P>0.05)。治疗1wk,3mo,试验组CMT均低于对照组(t=-7.83、-8.80,均P<0.05)。治疗1wk,3mo,试验组BCVA均优于对照组(t=-3.76、-4.09,均P<0.05),治疗1wk试验组BCVA即显著提高(t=1.97,P<0.05)。试验组复发率低于对照组(χ²=4.59,P=0.032)。两组早期高眼压发生率无差异(χ²=0.03,P=0.87)。均未出现视网膜脱离、眼内炎。

结论：激光光凝联合雷珠单抗比单用激光光凝显著降低术后CMT,并较早提高BCVA,降低复发率。     

玻璃体腔内注射TA与雷珠单抗治疗CRVO继发黄斑水肿的对照研究

目的：比较曲安奈德(TA)与雷珠单抗(ranibizumab)治疗视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)继发黄斑水肿的的临床疗效及安全性。

方法：回顾性分析继发黄斑水肿的CRVO患者40例40眼。其中20例20眼接受玻璃体腔注射TA(1mg,0.1mL)治疗,其余20例20眼接受玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗(0.5mg,0.05mL)治疗。观察两组治疗前及治疗后1,2wk; 1,2,3,6mo患者最佳矫正视力、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)及眼压的改变。

结果：TA组及雷珠单抗组于玻璃体腔注药1,2wk; 1,2,3,6mo后最佳矫正视力较治疗前明显提高(P<0.05); 但两组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。两组于玻璃体注药后1,2wk; 1,2,3,6mo,CMT较治疗前有明显降低(P<0.05),但两组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。TA组玻璃体腔注药后2wk及4wk眼压较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05)。雷珠单抗组玻璃体腔注药后各时间点眼压均无明显升高(P>0.05)。注药后第1,2wk; 2,3,6mo,TA组眼压改变与雷珠单抗组无明显差异(P>0.05),注药后1mo,TA组眼压改变要明显高于雷珠单抗组(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体腔内注射雷珠单抗是目前CRVO继发黄斑水肿的有效而且安全的治疗手段。与TA相比其在提高最佳矫正视力及降低CMT的同时几乎不会发生眼部及全身并发症。     

玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合光凝治疗BRVO继发黄斑水肿

目的：观察玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗联合视网膜激光光凝治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发黄斑水肿的临床疗效。

方法：收集我院2013-08/2016-03收治的经散瞳眼底检查、眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)及光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检查确诊的BRVO继发黄斑水肿患者,随机分为2组,最终回访3mo时共47例47眼。观察组采用玻璃体注射雷珠单抗2wk后联合静脉回流区视网膜激光光凝治疗25例25眼,对照组采用单纯玻璃体注射雷珠单抗治疗22例22眼。比较两组患者治疗后1mo的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压(IOP)、黄斑中心视网膜厚度(CMT)以及并发症情况。

结果：两组治疗后1mo BCVA、CMT与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),而IOP与治疗前比较无统计学意义(P>0.05); 治疗后1mo两组间BCVA、IOP比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而组间CMT比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。

结论：玻璃体注射雷珠单抗联合阻塞静脉回流区视网膜光凝治疗BRVO的临床疗效明显优于单纯玻璃体注射雷珠单抗治疗,且激光治疗过程中不刺激黄斑,安全性较高。     

黄斑囊样水肿患者白发荧光与黄斑色素密度的关系

目的探讨黄斑囊样水肿（CME）眼底自发荧光与黄斑色素密度的相关性,以提供对其预后有临床价值的技术参数。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象2009年8月至2010年7月于北京同仁医院确诊CME的视网膜中央静脉阻塞、视网膜分支静脉阻塞及糖尿病视网膜病变的患者18例（24眼）。24只正常眼选自年龄及性别相匹配者。方法对所有患眼及正常对照眼行彩色眼底照相、荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）及相干光断层扫描（OCT）确诊CME。采用海德堡公司HRA一2共焦激光扫描系统的IR（infrared）及FA（不注入荧光素钠）模式进行眼底自发荧光及黄斑色素密度的检测。黄斑色素密度按Zhang等分期法分为完整的黄斑色素、部分黄斑色素及黄斑色素缺失三级。采用MonteCarlo精确检验说明不同分级的黄斑色素密度与自发荧光的相关性,线性相关卡方检验分析两个变量之间的变化趋势。主要指标眼底自发荧光的分布及形态、黄斑色素的分布及密度。结果24只CME眼自发荧光均为阳性（100％）,并在黄斑区呈花瓣样表现,而正常对照眼的黄斑自发荧光均为阴性。CME眼中黄斑色素缺失22眼（91．7％）,部分黄斑色素2眼（8．3％）;正常对照眼黄斑色素密度均为完整的黄斑色素（100％）。黄斑色素密度与自发荧光的出现在本次研究中呈现负相关（x2=45．123,P=0．0001）。结论CME患者中黄斑色素密度大小与黄斑区自发荧光呈负相关,黄斑区自发荧光可做为其随诊的临床评价指标。     

Pseudophakic macular edema involving epiretinal proliferation associated with macular hole

This case report describes an unusual course of an impending macular hole (MH) throughout a 72-month follow-up period. A 53-year-old female presented with impending MH associated with epiretinal proliferation (EP) which showed unusual progress including full thickness MH, spontaneous closure, reopening as lamellar MH, and full anatomical closure with EP tissue. After cataract surgery, cystoid spaces occurred involving both EP tissue and neuroretina. Due to full recovery following a single dose of aflibercept, the source of the cystoid spaces was thought to be associated with postoperative inflammation leading to pseudophakic macular edema involving not only but also EP tissue.     

Outcomes of chronic macular hole surgical repair

Purpose:

To report visual and anatomic outcomes of chronic macular hole surgery, with analysis of pre-operative OCT-based hole size and post-operative closure type.

Settings and Design:

An IRB-approved, retrospective case series of 26 eyes of 24 patients who underwent surgery for stage 3 or 4 idiopathic chronic macular holes at a tertiary care referral center.

Statistical Analysis:

Student''s t-test.

Results:

Nineteen of 26 eyes (73%) had visual improvement after surgery on most recent exam. Twenty-one of 26 eyes (81%) achieved anatomic closure; 16 of 26 eyes (62%) achieved type 1, and five of 26 eyes (19%) achieved type 2 closure. Post-operative LogMAR VA for type 1 closure holes (0.49) was significantly greater than for type 2 closure and open holes (1.26, P < 0.003 and 1.10, P < 0.005, respectively), despite similar pre-operative VA (P = 0.51 and 0.68, respectively). Mean pre-operative hole diameter for eyes with type 1 closure, type 2 closure, and holes that remained open were 554, 929, and 1205 microns, respectively. Mean pre-operative hole diameter was significantly larger in eyes that remained open as compared to eyes with type 1 closure (P = 0.015).

Conclusion:

Vitrectomy to repair chronic macular holes can improve vision and achieve long-term closure. Holes of greater than 3.4 years duration were associated with a greater incidence of remaining open and type 2 closure. Larger holes (mean diameter of 1205 microns) were more likely to remain open after repair.     

玻璃体腔注射Avastin联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗DME的临床观察

目的:观察玻璃体腔注射avastin联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿(diabetic macular edema,DME)的效果。方法:经眼底荧光造影(FFA)及相干光断层扫描(OCT)确诊为糖尿病黄斑水肿的患者21例29眼,给予玻璃体腔注射avastin1.5mg后1wk行黄斑格栅样光凝。所有患者治疗前及治疗后1,3,6,12mo均行眼底、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、OCT检查,随访时间6～12mo。结果:末次随访时,自觉症状(包括视物变形、中心暗影)消失或改善者24眼(83%),不变者5眼(17%)。视力提高2行以上者21眼(72%),视力提高1～2行者6眼(21%),视力不变者2眼(7%),无视力下降者。其中,术前BCVA:0.05～0.3(logMAR值:平均0.66±0.19),术后BCVA:0.05～0.8(logMAR值:平均0.31±0.18)(P<0.01)。术前平均眼压为14.33±0.62mmHg,术后平均眼压为15.28±0.49mmHg(P>0.05)。OCT检查示25眼黄斑水肿明显改善(86%),其中减少30%以上者20眼(69%),减少29%～10%者7眼(24%),减少10%以下者2眼(7%)。黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度:术前平均为:450.72±74.22μm,术后平均为:283.55±44.43μm(P<0.01)。结论:玻璃体腔注射avastin联合黄斑格栅样光凝治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿疗效显著,可明显提高视力,消除或改善黄斑水肿。但尚需进一步大样本的临床随机对照研究来证实。     

Two-wavelength fundus autofluorescence and macular pigment optical density imaging in diabetic macular oedema

Purpose

To evaluate the application of 488 and 514 nm fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and macular pigment optical density (MPOD) imaging in diabetic macular oedema (DMO) and to demonstrate the typical imaging features.

Patients and Methods

A hundred and twenty-five eyes of 71 consecutive patients with diabetic retinopathy who underwent examination at a specialist university clinic employing a modified Heidelberg Retina Angiograph, using two different light sources of 488 and 514 nm wavelength, were retrospectively reviewed. MPOD images were calculated using modified Heidelberg Eye Explorer software. All images were evaluated by two independent masked graders. Features from FAF and MPOD images were correlated with optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging findings and inter-grader variability, sensitivity and specificity were calculated using OCT as reference.

Results

Sixty-seven eyes had DMO on OCT. The inter-grader variability was 0.84 for 488 nm FAF, 0.63 for 514 nm FAF and 0.79 for MPOD imaging. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of DMO were 80.6 and 89.7% for 488 nm FAF; 55.2 and 94.8% for 514 nm FAF; and 80.6 and 91.4% for MPOD imaging. In 488 nm FAF and MPOD imaging, DMO was better visualised in comparison with 514 nm FAF imaging, P<0.01. MPOD revealed displacement of macular pigment by intraretinal cysts.

Conclusion

MPOD imaging, and particularly its combination with 488 nm and 514 nm FAF, provides a valuable addition to OCT in the evaluation of DMO and is clinically useful in rapid en-face assessment of the central macula.     

Characteristics of macular microvasculature before and after idiopathic macular hole surgery

AIM:To evaluate the macular microvasculature before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole(MH)and the association of preoperative vascular parameters with postoperative recovery of visual acuity and configuration.METHODS:Twenty eyes from 20 patients with idiopathic MH were enrolled.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)images were obtained before,2 wk,1,and 3 mo after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.Preoperative foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area and perimeter and regional vessel density(VD)in both layers were compared according to the 3-month best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).RESULTS:The BCVA improved from 0.98±0.59(log MAR,Snellen 20/200)preoperatively to 0.30±0.25(Snellen 20/40)at 3 mo postoperatively.The preoperative deep VD was smaller and the FAZ perimeter was larger in the 3-month BCVA<20/32 group(all P<0.05).A significant reduction was observed in FAZ parameters and all VDs 2 wk postoperatively.Except for deep perifoveal VD,all VDs recovered only to their preoperative values.The postoperative FAZ parameters were lower during follow-up.Decreases in preoperative deep VDs were correlated with worse postoperative BCVA(Pearson’s r=-0.667 and-0.619,respectively).A larger FAZ perimeter(Spearman’s r=-0.524)and a lower deep perifoveal VD preoperatively(Pearson’s r=0.486)were associated with lower healing stage.CONCLUSION:The status of the deep vasculature may be an indicator of visual acuity in patients with a closed MH.Except for the deep perifoveal region,VD recovers only to preoperative levels.     

Limited macular translocation for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration

Purpose: To examine the safety and efficacy of limited macular translocation followed by laser photocoagulation in the management of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: A prospective study was conducted on eight consecutive patients undergoing limited macular translocation followed by laser photocoagulation for the treatment of subfoveal classic CNV form of AMD. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 12 months. The magnitude of foveal translocation, visual outcomes and complications were assessed. Results: In all cases the fovea was successfully translocated inferiorly, with a median displacement of 1.1 mm. Thermal laser photocoagulation was subsequently performed in all cases. Visual acuity improved in five eyes, remained unchanged in two eyes and worsened in one eye. The mean improvement in visual acuity was by 0.19 logMAR. At 12 months, six of the eight patients (75%) achieved Snellen visual acuity of at least 6/15, with four patients (50%) achieving Snellen visual acuity of 6/9. Conclusion: In this small case series, limited macular translocation was found to be an effective and reproducible means of treating small well‐defined subfoveal CNV.     

糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑厚度及黄斑体积定量分析

目的:研究不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者黄斑厚度及黄斑体积的变化特点.方法:选取2016-01-01/2017-01-01于我院眼科门诊就诊的40例78眼糖尿病视网膜病变患者作为研究对象,根据糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的国际临床分类法分为非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(non prolifertive dibetic retinopthy,NPDR)组20例40眼,增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(prolifertive dibetic retinopthy,PDR)组20例38眼.全部研究对象进行光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography OCT)检查,以直径1、3、6mm ETDRS对黄斑区进行分区,分析随着糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度的增加,黄斑中心凹及其周围分区各象限视网膜厚度及体积的变化特点.结果:NPDR组及PDR组黄斑中心小凹的厚度(foveola thickness,FT)分别为252.57±31.36、362.47±20.81μm,分区中内环上方、鼻侧最厚,下方次之,颞侧最薄;外环鼻侧最厚,上方次之,颞侧、下方最薄;NPDR组黄斑中心凹厚度及分区各象限视网膜厚度数值均小于PDR组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).NPDR组及PDR组黄斑中心小凹处体积(V)分别为0.20±0.02、0.28±0.16mm3,分区中内环上方、鼻侧最大,下方次之,颞侧最小;外环鼻侧最大,上方次之,颞侧、下方最小;NPDR组黄斑中心凹体积及分区各象限视网膜体积数值均小于PDR组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:糖尿病视网膜病变患者黄斑中心凹及分区各象限视网膜厚度及体积变化与糖尿病视网膜病变的病程进展有关.利用OCT对不同分期糖尿病视网膜病变患者黄斑厚度及黄斑体积进行定量分析,了解随着糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度的增加,黄斑区及其周围分区视网膜形态学变化的特点,为更好地分析不同严重程度糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑部位结构改变提供临床研究依据.     

黄斑色素光学密度相关的临床应用

人类视网膜黄斑区富含黄斑色素（macular pigment,MP）,MP对视网膜具有重要的保护意义,且与人类视功能密切相关。MP水平可通过黄斑色素光学密度（macular pigment optical density,MPOD）来评估。研究表明,MP的减少或缺失对多种眼科疾病（包括年龄相关性黄斑病变、糖尿病性视网膜病变、青光眼等）的发生发展及预后的判断具有重要意义,MPOD的测量在相关全身疾病（如Sjogren-Larsson综合征）的诊断、管理和治疗中同样发挥作用。     

The macular microstructure repair and predictive factors of surgical outcomes after vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole

To evaluate the macular microstructure repair and explore the factors related to those changes and visual improvement after vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Totally 19 eyes of 18 IMH patients who underwent macular hole (MH) surgery were evaluated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images. All 19 eyes closed at 6mo postoperatively. BCVA was observed gradually improved (P<0.001), with subretinal fluid (SRF) gradually absorbed (P=0.021) and the rate of external limiting membrane (ELM) defects gradually decreased (P=0.011) with follow-up time. Poorer postoperative logMAR BCVA correlated with larger MH minimum diameter (P<0.001), larger MH basal diameter (P=0.008), longer symptom duration (P=0.002) and poorer preoperative logMAR BCVA (P=0.010). More improvement in BCVA correlated only with poorer preoperative in logMAR BCVA (P=0.002). The earlier reconstruction of ELM was associated with smaller MH basal diameter (P=0.022) and shorter symptom duration (P=0.008). In conclusion, smaller basal diameter of MH and shorter symptom duration were key factors in earlier reconstruction of ELM.