放疗联合泰素帝、顺铂化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的Ⅱ期临床试验

[目的]研究放疗联合泰素帝、顺铂方案化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的疗效与毒性反应.[方法]初治的局部晚期鼻咽癌患者接受泰素帝(70 mg/m2)联合顺铂(80 mg/m2)的3周方案诱导化疗2程及同期放化疗2程,评价近期疗效与毒副反应.[结果]在进入实验的20例病人中,诱导化疗有效率为85%(17/20),其中CR5%,PR80%;同期放化疗有效率100%.诱导化疗中,3级以上中性粒细胞减少发生率为26%,同期放化疗中为41%.总疗程中共6例出现发热性中性粒细胞降低且需抗生素预防感染处理,1例发生口咽细菌感染.其他严重毒副反应包括脱发与胃肠道反应.此外1例病人发生水钠渚留,1例发生2级肝脏毒性.[结论]泰素帝联合顺铂治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌安全、有效.     

诱导化疗联合同期放化疗与同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌的对比研究

目的:探讨与对比诱导化疗联合同期放化疗与同期放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌(LA-NPC)的临床效果。方法:选择局部晚期鼻咽癌患者110例,根据患者实施诱导化疗的意愿分成研究组与对照组,每组55例,研究组采用诱导化疗联合同期放化疗进行治疗,对照组给予同期放化疗进行治疗。生存分析通过KAPLAN-MEIER方法进行,观察两组的临床治疗结果。结果:在OS(总生存率)、FFS(无瘤生存率)、LR-FFS(无局部区域复发生存率)以及D-FFS(无远处转移生存率)上,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在Ⅱ期鼻咽癌FFS(无失败生存)上,研究组要优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:诱导化疗联合同期放化疗和同期放化疗相比,尽管没有提升患者的FFS、OS、D-FFS和LR-FFS,然而却对Ⅱ期鼻咽癌的无失败生存(FFS)进行了改善。和同期放化疗相比,诱导化疗联合同期放化疗更能使患者的生存率得到提高。     

甘氨双唑钠在鼻咽癌放疗中增敏作用的临床研究

目的:观察甘氨双唑钠在鼻咽癌放疗中增敏效果。方法:选择2006年3月～2010年2月在广州医学院附属肿瘤医院放射治疗中心行放射治疗的鼻咽癌患者90例,随机将其分为观察组(同期放化疗+CMNa)和对照组(同期放化疗)各45例。2组患者均予以放化疗对症及营养支持治疗,生物治疗、免疫治疗等其他治疗方法;对照组采用放射治疗,同期化疗;观察组在对照组同期放射治疗及化疗基础上予以甘氨双唑钠(CMNa)每次800mg/m~2/次加入100ml生理盐水中溶解,30min内经静脉滴注完,在60min内行放射治疗,3次/周,至放疗结束止。结果:观察组总有效率(CR+PR)率为80.00%(36/45)、CR率为62.22%(28/45),对照组总有效率(CR+PR)率为60.00%(27/45)、CR率37.78%(17/45),2组比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组在同期放化疗基础上使用甘氨双唑钠过程中未见神经系统等方面的明显不良反应。结论:甘氨双唑钠在鼻咽癌放疗中有明显的增敏作用,值得临床推广使用。     

诱导化疗加同步放疗治疗中青年晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效观察

目的 观察PF方案诱导化疗加同步放疗治疗中青年晚期鼻咽癌的近期疗效.方法 2004年3月至2008年12月采用PF方案(顺铂20mg/m2 d1-5,替加氟750mg/m2 d1-5)诱导化疗2周期后再同步放化疗治疗中青年晚期鼻咽癌27例,观察综合治疗的疗效和患者的耐受性.结果 27例患者总有效率(CR+PR)为100%.结论 PF方案诱导化疗加同步放化疗治疗中青年晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效好,近期毒副反应可以耐受,但还需进一步研究大宗病例并观察远期疗效.     

三维适形放疗联合化疗治疗肺鳞癌的临床观察

目的观察三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)联合化疗治疗肺鳞癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法对42例肺鳞癌患者进行同期放化疗:足叶乙甙100mg/m2,d1-3;顺铂25mg/m2,d1-3。3D-CRT从第2周开始,4～6Cy/次,隔日1次,总剂量60～66Cy,22～26d完成。上述治疗后再进行2～4周期化疗,21～28d为一个周期。结果42例患者全部完成治疗,肿瘤完全缓解(CR)19%,部分缓解(PR)71.4%,总有效率(CR PR)90.5%。1年生存率为85.7%。白细胞下降发生率31.0%,其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ级白细胞下降9.5%。放射性食管炎发生率为7.1%,放射性肺炎发生率为4.8%,均为I、Ⅱ级。结论三维适形放疗联合化疗治疗肺鳞癌有较好的疗效,毒副反应可以耐受。     

适形放射治疗结合同期化疗治疗鼻咽癌32例

目的:探讨三维适形放射治疗加同期化疗对局部晚期鼻咽癌患者局部控制率和生存率的影响.方法:32例T34N13M0鼻咽癌患者应用三维适形放射治疗定位方法和计划系统先进行左右对穿面颈联合野 中下颈、锁骨上区前后切线野常规分割放射治疗,剂量40Gy/20次/周;然后将面颈联合野后界前移避开脑干脊髓,其他边界不变,后上颈应用8～12MeV电子线,中下颈、锁骨上区照射野不变,总量10Gy/5次/1周;最后应用三维适形放射治疗进行肿瘤加量,4Gy/次,3次/周,共5～8次.在放疗第1、22、43d接受顺铂30mg/(m2·d)静滴,第1～3天 5-氟尿嘧啶500mg(m2·d)静滴,第1～3天同期化疗.结果:32例近期疗效中,12例完全缓解(CR),17例部分缓解(PR),3例稳定(NC),总有效率(CR PR)为90.6%.1、2、3年生存率为100%、93.8%、84.3%,局部控制率为100%.结论:三维适形放射治疗加同期化疗对局部晚期鼻咽癌患者有较好的局部控制率和生存率.远期疗效尚待进一步观察.     

Ⅱ期咽淋巴环非何杰金氏淋巴瘤综合治疗临床分析

目的 :探讨Ⅱ期咽淋巴环非何杰金氏淋巴瘤以化疗为主方案的治疗。方法 :收治Ⅱ期咽淋巴环非何杰金氏淋巴瘤 30例 ,疗前均行上消化道钡餐 (GI)检查 ,先行CHOP方案化疗 3～ 4个周期 ,达CR病例 ,若颈部包块<5cm ,则再巩固化疗至 6个周期 ;若颈部包块≥ 5cm且有融合者或PR病例 ,则行局部扩大野放疗 ,照射剂量 5 0GY 5周 ,然后再巩固化疗至 6个周期。结果 :全组死亡 6例 ,失访 4例 ,3年生存率为 90 % ,5年生存率为 6 6 7%。总有效率为 10 0 % ,CR率为 6 3 3% (19 30 ) ,CR病例 5年生存率为 73 7% ;PR率为 37 7% (11 30 ) ,PR病例 5年生存率为5 4 5 % ,差异有显著意义。结论 :复发病例更应重视GI检查。化疗达到CR的病例 ,颈部包块 <5cm者常规行放疗是否必要尚待进一步研究     

放疗加同步化疗治疗局部中晚期鼻咽癌的疗效观察

目的观察放疗＋化疗同步治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效和患者的耐受性。方法87例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为同步放化疗组（放化组）46例和单纯放疗组（单放组）41例。放化组放疗第1周和第5周同步应用LFP方案化疗两周期。化疗方案为：顺铂（DDP）30mg/d,1～4d,亚叶酸钙100mg/d,1～5d,替加氟1000mg/d,1～5d,放疗结束后间隔3～4周重复应用1～2周期化疗。两组病人放疗方法一致,常规放疗,原发灶剂量68～70Gy/7周,无淋巴结转移者颈部和双锁骨上野预防照射50Gy/5周,淋巴结转移阳性者局部野追加至（60～70）Gy/（6～7）周。结果放化组CR19例,PR18例,总有效率（CR＋PR）80.4%;单放组CR8例,PR17例,总有效率（CR＋PR）61.0%。放化组有效率（80.4%）高于单放组（61.0%）,两者差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。放化组和单放组1年生存率分别为93.5%（43/46）和87.8（36/41）,两者比较P〉0.05,差异无统计学意义;3年生存率分别为67.4%（31/46）和41.5%（17/41）,两者比较P〈0.05,差异具有统计学意义。放化组各项不良反应发生率均高于单放组,但对症处理后患者均可耐受。结论同步放化疗能提高晚期鼻咽癌患者的局部控制率和生存率,毒副作用可以耐受,值得临床推广应用。     

诱导化疗后的III-IVA期鼻咽癌患者同期化疗最适奈达铂总量的研究

  目的  探索诱导化疗后的III-IVA期的鼻咽癌患者放疗同期化疗时最适累积奈达铂总量,分析同期奈达铂总量对诱导化疗后的鼻咽癌患者的预后影响。  方法  收集2013年1月至2018年12月首诊于云南省肿瘤医院共109例接受IC+奈达铂CCRT,根据CND四分位数将奈达铂组患者分为低（≤120 mg/m2）、中（121-200 mg/m2）、高剂量（ > 200 mg/m2）3个组别,再根据肿瘤诱导化疗后反应将奈达铂组患者分别分为CR/PR和SD/PD 2个亚组,分析统计诱导化疗后不同累积奈达铂总量对患者的预后的影响,以期得到最适CND。  结果  CND低、中、高剂量组各项生存率,差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;根据CR/PR、SD/PD分组进行生存分析,累积OS率分别为77.2%、50.0%,3 a OS率98.2%、62.9%,累积PFS率63.2%、45.0%,3 a PFS率77.2%、54.8%,CR/PR组的各生存率优于SD/PD组（P < 0.05）;根据CND低、中、高剂量分别对2个亚组进行分析,CR/PR亚组的累积OS率为93.3%、93.8%、60.0%（P = 0.046）,3 a OS率100.0%、93.8%、100.0%（P > 0.05）,累积PFS率86.7%、78.1%、30.0%（P = 0.007）,3 a PFS率93.3%、90.6%、60.0%（P = 0.017）,低剂量组及中剂量组在OS率、PFS率、3 a PFS率方面较高剂量组显示出显著优势;SD/PD亚组中各生存率,差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;在多因素分析中,IC后的疗效评价（CR/PR&SD/PD）是III-IVA期鼻咽癌患者OS、3 a OS、PFS、3 a PFS的独立预后因素（P < 0.05）。  结论  III-IVA期鼻咽癌患者IC后CR/PR患者的生存获益远优于SD/PD的患者,IC后的肿瘤反应（CR/PR&SD/PD）是III-IVA期鼻咽癌患者的独立预后因素。III-IVA期鼻咽癌患者在IC后CR/PR的亚组中,接受低、中CND的患者生存率较高剂量组改善显著,对于该类患者来说CND似乎不需要超过200 mg/m2 即可获得较好生存结果。     

奈达铂或顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶诱导化疗加同步放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效的对比研究

目的观察奈达铂联合氟尿嘧啶诱导化疗加同步放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌治疗效果及安全性。方法 74例局部晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组37例。实验组采用奈达铂联合氟尿嘧啶诱导化疗2个周期,14d后进行奈达铂同步放化疗;对照组采用顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶诱导化疗2个周期,14d后进行顺铂同步放化疗。结果治疗后3个月两组有效率均为100%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组局部复发率、远处转移率、1年生存率相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在治疗期间,实验组恶心、呕吐的发生率要明显低于对照组(P<0.01);在同步放化疗期间,实验组血小板下降发生率要高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论奈达铂联合氟尿嘧啶诱导化疗加同步放化疗治疗局部晚期鼻咽癌近期疗效好,不良反应可以耐受。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.