右美托咪定对罗哌卡因用于腹股沟韧带上髂筋膜阻滞半数有效浓度的影响

目的：探讨右美托咪定对超声引导下腹股沟韧带上髂筋膜阻滞罗哌卡因半数有效浓度（median effective concentration,EC50）的影响。方法：行全髋置换术的股骨近端骨折患者49例,随机分为右美托咪定组24例和对照组25例。两组患者均行超声引导下腹股沟韧带上髂筋膜阻滞,右美托咪定组采用不同浓度罗哌卡因+右美托咪定0.6μg/kg混合液共30 mL,对照组仅采用不同浓度罗哌卡因稀释液30 mL。应用序贯法测定罗哌卡因EC50,第1例患者使用罗哌卡因的浓度为0.5%,相邻患者罗哌卡因浓度的比值为1∶1.2,若前1位患者苏醒后6小时疼痛VAS评分<3分,则下1位患者降低一个浓度梯度;若前1位患者苏醒后6小时VAS评分≥3分,则下1位患者增加一个浓度梯度,直至出现7个交叉点为止。结果：右美托咪定组罗哌卡因EC50为0.217%(95%CI:0.198～0.238%),低于对照组的0.248%(95%CI:0.218～0.281%),但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：在超声引导下腹股沟韧带上髂筋膜阻滞中右美托咪定能一定程度降低罗哌卡因使用浓度,且不增加不良反...     

右美托咪啶复合罗哌卡因对神经刺激仪引导下臂丛神经阻滞效果的影响

目的：观察右美托咪啶复合罗哌卡因在神经刺激仪引导下经肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞的有效性和安全性。方法选取68例ASA I~Ⅱ级择期行单侧臂丛神经阻滞麻醉下手部及上肢手术患者,随机数字表法分为右美托咪啶复合罗哌卡因组（D组）和单纯罗哌卡因组（C组）。神经刺激仪引导下穿刺成功后,D组注入内含1μg/kg右美托咪啶的0.5%罗哌卡因25ml,C组仅注入0.5%罗哌卡因25ml。观察两组患者感觉神经和运动神经阻滞的起效时间和持续时间;观察麻醉后不良事件发生情况。结果 D组感觉及运动神经阻滞的起效时间均短于C组（P＜0.05）,持续时间均长于C组（P＜0.05）;D组心动过缓发生率高于C组（P＜0.05）。结论右美托咪啶复合罗哌卡因可安全有效地应用于臂丛神经阻滞,与单纯应用罗哌卡因比较,前者起效更迅速,维持更持久,镇静作用良好,但须注意发生心动过缓。     

罗哌卡因复合右美托咪定对超声引导下腋路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的影响

目的评价罗哌卡因复合右美托咪定应用于超声引导下腋路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉的有效性和安全性。方法择期行前臂或手部手术的患者120例被随机分入4组。在超声引导下行腋路臂丛神经(正中神经、尺神经、桡神经、肌皮神经)阻滞麻醉,罗哌卡因组和罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50静脉组患者4支神经各注射0.5%罗哌卡因7mL,罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50局部组患者4支神经各注射0.5%罗哌卡因和50μg右美托咪定混合液7mL,罗哌卡因+右美托咪定100局部组患者4支神经各注射0.5%罗哌卡因和100μg右美托咪定混合液7mL。罗哌卡因组、罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50局部组、罗哌卡因+右美托咪定100局部组患者在手术开始后静脉输注0.9%氯化钠溶液40mL/h,罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50静脉组患者在手术开始后静脉输注右美托咪定50μg(稀释至20mL,40 mL/h)。在麻醉前(T0)和麻醉后15 min(T1)、30 min(T2)、45 min(T3)、60min(T4)各时间点,记录患者的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)和镇静评分,以及4组患者的感觉和运动阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞时间、镇痛持续时间。结果罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50局部组和罗哌卡因+右美托咪定100局部组的感觉和运动阻滞起效时间均显著短于罗哌卡因组(P值均<0.05),运动阻滞时间和镇痛持续时间均显著长于罗哌卡因组(P值均<0.05);罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50静脉组与罗哌卡因组间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。罗哌卡因+右美托咪定100局部组在T2、T3、T4时间点的HR和MAP分别显著低于罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50局部组和罗哌卡因组同时间点(P值均<0.05),罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50静脉组在T3和T4时间点的HR和MAP分别显著低于罗哌卡因+右美托咪定50局部组和罗哌卡因组同时间点(P值均<0.05)。结论超声引导下行腋路臂丛神经阻滞时,罗哌卡因局部复合50μg右美托咪定可以缩短感觉和运动阻滞起效时间,并延长运动阻滞时间和镇痛持续时间,且对血压和HR的影响小。     

右美托咪啶对罗哌卡因骶管阻滞半数有效浓度(EC50)

目的:分析右美托嘧啶对罗哌卡因骶管运动半数有效浓度(EC50)的影响。方法:选择90例16~50岁(ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级),肛门、会阴、生殖器手术男性患者,随机分为研究组(研究组分为A、B两组)与对照组。研究组A(n=30)0.375%罗哌卡因+右美托咪啶4μg混合20ml骶管阻滞;研究组B(n=30)0.375%罗哌卡因20ml骶管阻滞,右美托咪啶以生理盐水稀释至20ml,静脉推注。C组为对照组(n=30),采用0.375%罗哌卡因单独骶管阻滞,不加右美托咪啶。三组均采用多功能监护仪监测患者BP、P、R、SpO2,记录镇痛强度模拟Bromage评分。结果:A组和B组罗哌卡因(EC50),A组EC50 0.31%95%CI 0.29%~0.34%;B组EC50 0.36%95%CI 0.33%~0.4%;C组EC500.42%95%CI 0.39%~0.44%(P<0.05)。结论:右美托咪啶复合罗哌卡因组能明显降低骶管阻滞EC50值,并能延长麻醉作用时间,增强局麻药麻醉效果,降低机体应激反应,该方法安全有效。     

右美托咪定对罗哌卡因用于囊周神经群联合股外侧皮神经阻滞的半数有效浓度的影响

目的：评估右美托咪定对罗哌卡因用于囊周神经群联合股外侧皮神经阻滞的半数有效浓度(median effective concentration,EC₅₀)的影响。方法：选取髋部骨折择期行全髋置换术患者50例,年龄60～75岁,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级,随机分为两组。右美托咪定组(D组)囊周神经群联合股外侧皮神经阻滞用药为含有右美托咪定1μg/kg的罗哌卡因混合溶液,对照组(C组)仅用罗哌卡因。采用序贯法确定罗哌卡因EC₅₀,起始浓度均为0.5%,相邻浓度比值为1∶1.2,术后6 h视觉模拟评分(visual analogue score,VAS)<3分为阳性反应,下一患者采用低一级浓度,反之则采用高一级浓度。应用概率单位法计算罗哌卡因用于囊周神经群联合股外侧皮神经阻滞的EC₅₀及其95%CI。结果：D组罗哌卡因的EC₅₀[0.274%(95%CI:0.236%～0.314%)]显著低于C组[0.338%(95%CI:0.304%～0.379%)](P<0.05)。结论：复合使用右美托咪定1μg/kg...     

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因对腋路臂丛神经阻滞的影响

目的：观察右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因对腋路臂丛神经阻滞的影响.方法：选择30例拟行前臂或手指手术的病人,随机分为两组,均在超声联合神经刺激仪引导下行腋路臂丛神经阻滞麻醉.D组（n=15）采用0.375％罗哌卡因＋右美托咪定0.5 μg/kg共29 mL.R组（n=15）采用0.375％罗哌卡因29 mL.观察项目：①术中生命征、Ramsay镇静评分;②神经阻滞情况;③术后镇痛情况.结果：D组感觉、运动阻滞维持时间及术后镇痛时间较R组延长（P＜0.05）,术后镇痛药使用较R组少（P＜0.05）.D组3例患者阻滞后出现窦性心动过缓,余均无恶心、呕吐、低血压、呼吸抑制、局麻药中毒等不良反应.结论：0.5 μg/kg的右美托咪定能增强罗哌卡因臂丛神经阻滞效果,延长术后镇痛时间,减少患者术后镇痛药物用量.     

不同浓度右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因对膝关节镜术后镇痛效果的影响

目的观察关节腔内注射不同浓度右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因对膝关节镜术后镇痛的效果。方法选取80例择期行膝关节镜手术患者随机分为A 组（0.25%罗哌卡因+0.25μg/kg右美托咪定）;B 组（0.25%罗哌卡因+0.50μg/kg右美托咪定）;C 组（0.25%罗哌卡因+0.75μg/kg 右美托咪定）;D 组（0.25%罗哌卡因+1.00μg/kg 右美托咪定）。记录患者术中心率、平均动脉压等生命体征,术后24 h内的疼痛评分（VAS）、术后首次需要镇痛药时间、芬太尼用量及不良反应。结果4组患者术中生命体征变化差异无统计学意义（P <0.05）;术后<6h C和D组患者VAS 评分低于A、B 组,B 组低于A 组;C 和D 组比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）,其他4 组时间差 异无统计学意义;术后首次需要镇痛药时间C、D组长于A、B组,B组长于A组,C和D组比较差异无统计学意义;术后<24 h芬太尼用量C、D组低于A、B组,B组低于A 组,C 和D组比较差异无统计学意义。A 和B 组未出现不良反应,C组出现低血压1 例、恶心呕吐1 例;D组出现心动过缓1 例、恶心呕吐1 例。结论关节腔内注射不同浓度右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因用于膝关节镜术后镇痛,其镇痛效果及不良反应呈浓度依赖性,综合考虑推荐其镇痛浓度为0.50 μg/kg。     

右美托咪啶对罗哌卡因臂丛神经阻滞半数有效浓度的影响

目的 探讨右美托咪啶对罗哌卡因臂丛神经阻滞半数有效浓度( median effective concentration,EC50)的影响.方法 择期臂丛神经阻滞的上肢手术患者60例,年龄20~55岁,体质量50~75kg,ASA 分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用随机数字表法将其分为罗哌卡因(ropivacaine,R)组(n=30)和罗哌卡因混合右美托咪啶(ropivacaine+dexmedetomidine,RD)组(n=30).采用肌间沟臂丛阻滞法,定位成功后,R组和RD组分别注入罗哌卡因和罗哌卡因混合1μg/kg右美托咪均40mL.R组和RD组第1例患者罗哌卡因浓度分别为0.38%、0.28%,按序贯法确定下1例患者罗哌卡因的浓度,若上1例患者麻醉有效,则下1例患者罗哌卡因的浓度降低1个浓度梯度,若麻醉无效,则下1例患者增加1个浓度梯度,罗哌卡因的浓度梯度为0.02%.采用概率单位(Probit)法计算罗哌卡因半数有效浓度(median effective concentration,EC50)及其95%可信区间(95% confidence interval,95 %CI).记录患者麻醉前,麻醉后5、10和20min平均动脉压(mean artery pressure,MAP)、心率(heart rate,HR)、血氧饱和度(oxygen saturation,SpO2)、Ramsay评分.记录有关不良反应的发生情况.结果 R组和RD组罗哌卡因的EC50及95%CI分为0.32(0.27~0.37)%和0.20(0.16~0.24)%(P＜0.05).与R组及麻醉前比较,RD组在麻醉后10~20min MAP和HR降低,Ramsay评分升高(P＜0.05).SpO2和不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 右美托咪啶可降低罗哌卡因臂丛神经阻滞EC50,增加镇静评分,且血流动力学稳定.     

不同浓度右美托咪定复合0.1%罗哌卡因硬膜外分娩镇痛效果的比较

目的观察不同浓度右美托咪定复合0.1%罗哌卡因硬膜外分娩镇痛效果。方法选择硬膜外分娩镇痛的100例足月初产妇,按照计算机随机数字表法分为4组（A组：0.25滋g/ml右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因;B组：0.5滋g/ml右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因;C组：0.75滋g/ml右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因;D组：1滋g/ml右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因）。观察并比较4组产妇镇痛起效时间、产程时间、失血量、脐动脉pH、脐动脉PaO2、疼痛视觉模拟（VAS）评分,新生儿Apgar评分,不良反应发生情况等。结果4组产妇镇痛起效时间、产程时间、失血量、脐动脉pH及PaO2比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）,新生儿Apgar评分比较,差异亦无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。产妇宫颈口≤2cm时,4组产妇的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＜0.05）;产妇宫颈口＞2cm时,A组产妇VAS评分高于D组（P＜0.05）,而B、C组与D组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。4组产妇均未发生低血压、过度镇静、恶心呕吐、尿潴留、呼吸抑制、胎心心动过缓等不良反应。A、B组均无运动神经阻滞发生,C组发生1例,D组发生2例。结论0.5滋g/ml右美托咪定+0.1%罗哌卡因硬膜外分娩镇痛效果良好,浓度相对适宜。     

右美托咪定对上肢手术患者罗哌卡因肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞效果的影响

目的 评价右美托咪定对上肢手术患者罗哌卡因肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞效果的影响.方法 拟行肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞的上肢手术患者200例,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,随机分为两组:对照组(C组,n=100)和右美托咪定组(D组,n=100),C组神经阻滞用药为0.4%罗哌卡因30 mL,D组用药为右美托咪定100 μg +0.4%罗哌卡因混合液30 mL.评价感觉和运动阻滞的效果,记录感觉阻滞和运动阻滞的起效时间和维持时间,于麻醉前(T0),神经阻滞后10 min(T1)、30 min(手术开始,T2)、60 min(T3),手术结束(T4)采静脉血放免法检测血浆皮质醇浓度.记录术中恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制、心动过缓等并发症的发生情况,术中主诉疼痛的患者静脉注射芬太尼3 μg/kg,仍无法完成手术的患者则改为全身麻醉.结果 C组4例使用芬太尼,1例更改麻醉方式;D组无一例使用芬太尼,1例因患者要求更改麻醉方式,7例心动过缓.两组均未见恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制等并发症.与C组比较,D组感觉阻滞、运动阻滞维持时间延长(P<0.05),起效时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);D组T2、T3 时皮质醇浓度均低于C组(P<0.05).结论 右美托咪定联合罗哌卡因应用于肌间沟臂丛阻滞可增强后者臂丛神经阻滞效果.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.