急性脑梗死诱发全身炎症反应综合征致多器官功能障碍综合征的临床研究

目的　以目前外科领域及危重病领域公认的全身炎症反应综合征 (SIRS)、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的统一诊断标准 ,探讨急性脑梗死 (ACI)诱发 SIRS致 MODS的发病机制 ,以及血清肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF- α)、细胞间粘附分子 (ICAM- 1)含量变化在 ACI诱发 SIRS发生发展并向 MODS转化中的临床意义。方法　 ACI 6 8例 ,分为 3组 ,其中急性单纯性脑梗死组 (SACI组 ) 36例 ,ACI致 SIRS组 (SIRS组 ) 32例 ,ACI致 MODS组 (MODS组 ) 2 4例。正常对照组 2 8例。血清 TNF-α、ICAM- 1测定应用酶联免疫吸附法 (EL ISA法 )。结果　 (1)本组 ACI时致 SIRS的发生率为 4 7.0 6 %。ACI时致 MODS的发生率为 35 .2 9%。ACI致 SIRS时 MODS的发生率为 75 .0 0 %。ACI致 MODS时 10 0 %发生 SIRS。 (2 )血清 TNF- α、ICAM- 1的含量在 SACI组、SIRS组、MODS组与正常对照组比较 ,差异显著 (P<0 .0 1)。血清 TNF- α、ICAM- 1的含量为 MODS组 >SIRS组 >ACI组 >正常对照组。SIRS组、MODS组与 SACI组比较 ,差异显著 (P<0 .0 1)。 MODS组与 SIRS组比较 ,差异显著 (P<0 .0 1)。急性脑梗死致 MODS严重者 (积分≥ 9分 )血清 TNF-α、ICAM- 1含量均高于病情较轻者 (积分 <9分 ,P<0 .0 1) ;ACI致 MODS死亡组血清 TNF-α、ICAM- 1含量均高于存     

急性脑梗死诱发SIRS及MODS时患者血清SOD含量变化研究

目的 探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)诱发全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)及多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的发生率,以及血清中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)含量变化在ACI诱发SIRS及MODS中的作用机制及临床意义. 方法 选取自2006年1月至2008年6月菏泽市立医院神经内科住院及门诊就诊的68例ACI患者.分为3组,其中急性单纯性脑梗死36例(SACI组),ACI诱发SIRS患者(SIRS组)32例,ACI诱发MODS患者(MODS组)24例,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定血清SOD含量,另设28例到本院查体的健康人为正常对照组(NC组). 结果 (1)本组SACI诱发SIRS的发生率为88.9%,诱发MODS的发生率为66.7%;ACI诱发SIRS时MODS的发生率为75.0%.ACI诱发MODS时100%发生SIRS.(2)各组之间SOD含量比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且血清SOD含量水平依次为MODS组相似文献   

急性脑梗死诱发全身炎症反应综合征致多器官功能障碍综合征的机制探讨

目的探讨急性脑梗死（ACI）后诱发SIRS及导致多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）的发病机制。方法收集急性脑梗死患者48例，分为三组，急性单纯脑梗死组（SACI）26例；急性脑梗死致全身炎症反应综合征组（SIRS组）22例；急性脑梗死致多器官功能障碍综合征组（MODS组）13倒；应用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA法）分别测定不同组别患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6值，与对照组（20例同期健康体检者）比较。结果（1）48例ACI致SIRS的发生率为45．83％，ACI致MODS的发生率为27．08％，ACI致SIRS时诱发MODS的发生率为59．09％。（2）ACI致MODS时均已提前发生了SIRS。（3）SACI组、SIRS组及MODS组患者血清TNF-α、IL-6含量均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）；且SIRS组明显高于SACI组（P〈0．01）；MODS组明显SIRS组（P〈0．01），呈逐渐升高的趋势。（4）MODS不同积分组血清TNF-α、IL-6含量均明显高于SIRS组（P〈0．01）；且MODS组患者，严重者（积分≥9分）血清TNF-α、IL-6含量明显高于病情较轻者（积分〈9分）（P〈0．01）。（5）MODS组死亡患者血清TNF-α、IL-6含量明显高于存活者（P〈0．01）。结论（1）急性脑梗死（ACI）可以诱发全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS），并且是脑梗死致多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）的发病基础和前提。（2）ACI首先诱发SIRS，SIRS是致MODS的主要机制，动态监测急性脑梗死患者血清TNF-α、IL-6的变化对急性脑梗死是否导致SIRS及MODS的发生有很高的预警价值。（3）急性脑梗死患者血清TNF-α、IL-6含量可作为判断急性脑梗死致SIRS、急性脑梗死致MODS病变程度、预后及转归的指标，并对及时指导临床早期治疗有着重要意义，对SIRS向MODS过度的早期诊断有非常重要的参考价值。     

急性脑出血诱发全身炎症反应综合征致多器官功能障碍综合征的临床研究

目的　探讨急性脑出血并发全身炎症反应综合征 ( SIRS)致多器官功能障碍综合征 ( MODS)的可能机制 ,揭示 TNF- α、IL- 6在脑出血并发 SIRS及向 MODS转化机制中的作用及病理生理意义。方法　观察 73例急性脑出血患者并发 SIRS及 MODS的发生率 ;并应用双抗体夹心 ( EL ISA)法测定其血清 TNF-α、IL - 6的动态变化 ,并以 2 0名健康人作为对照。结果　脑出血时并发 SIRS的发生率为 4 7.95 % ( 35 /73) ,其中 74 .2 9% ( 2 6 /35 )诱导发生了MODS。单纯脑出血组、脑出血致 SIRS组及脑出血致 MODS组患者血清 TNF- α、IL- 6含量均明显高于正常对照组( P<0 .0 1) ,呈逐渐升高的趋势 ;并与病情的严重程度相关。结论　脑出血并发 SIRS是导致 MODS的主要机制 ,TNF-α、IL - 6参与了脑出血并发 SIRS及导致 MODS发生发展的病理生理过程 ,并具有很高的预警价值     

血浆内皮素-1水平变化在急性脑梗死诱发全身炎症反应综合征中的意义

目的:以目前外科领域及危重病领域公认的全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)统一诊断标准,探讨血浆内皮素-1(ET-1)在急性脑梗死(ACl)诱发SIRS发生中的作用。方法:应用放射免疫法分别测定52例ACI致SIRS患者(SIRS组),50例急性单纯性脑梗死(SACl)及46例正常对照组血浆ET-1含量。结果:1血浆ET-1含量在SIRS组、SACI组与正常对照组比较,差异均具有极显著(均P<0.01)。SIRS组血浆ET-1水平又明显高于SACI组(P<0.01)。其血浆ET-1含量SIRS组>SACI组>正常对照组。2血浆ET-1含量随符合SIRS诊断标准数目的增多而升高。结论:急性脑梗死进展为SIRS后,血浆内皮素-1明显升高,血浆内皮素-1可作为判断急性脑梗死病情进展为SIRS的一项指标。     

急性脑梗塞诱发多器官功能障碍综合征血浆PAI-1异常机制临床研究

目的:探讨血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物1(PAl-1)异常与急性脑梗塞(ACI)诱发多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的机制。方法:依据1995年全国危重病急救医学学术会议制定的MODS诊断标准[1]确诊急性脑梗塞诱发MODS患者,并采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法测定40例正常健康体检者(正常对照组)、53例急性单纯性脑梗塞患者(SACI组)、28例急性脑梗塞诱发MODS患者(MODS组)血浆PAI-1的含量。结果:SACI组及MODS组血浆PAI-1水平均显著高于正常对照组;MODS组PAI-1又显著高于SACI组;且SACI组与MODS组血浆PAl-1的动态变化规律明显不同,MODS组为持续异常升高。结论:血浆PAl-1水平异常反映了ACI后全身血管内皮细胞损伤的严重程度及微循环障碍情况,参与了MODS的发生及发展过程,血浆中PAl的动态变化可作为判断MODS发展及预后的指标。     

C反应蛋白与急性脑梗死的预后及并发多脏器功能障碍综合征的相关性

目的探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)及并发多脏器功能障碍综合征(MODS)时C反应蛋白的变化,评估C反应蛋白在ACI的预后及并发MODS中的临床价值.方法采用免疫透射比浊法测定30例体检健康者(对照组)和82例ACI患者(ACI组)出现首发症状7天以内血清CRP的含量,其中腔隙性脑梗死20例(LCI)组,ACI并发MODS患者(MODS)组32例,急性脑梗死30例(SACI组,即非LCI并且未并发多脏器功能障碍综合征).结果 (1)30例健康者全部CRP＜10 mg/L,ACI组CRP＞10 mg/L的阳性率达97.5%;(2)SACI组及MODS组CRP水平与LCI组比较差异显著(P＜0.05),MODS组CRP水平较SACI组明显增高;(3)血清CRP＜30mg/L时,MODS的发生率为0,血清CRP水平＞30mg/L时,随着CRP水平的升高,ACI发生MODS的发生率逐渐增高.结论血清CRP水平与病情的严重程度和MODS的发生率呈正相关,CRP是判断ACI预后和并发MODS的一个有效实验指标.     

急性颅脑损伤后全身炎症反应综合征与多器官功能障碍

目的研究急性颅脑损伤后诱发全身炎症反应综合征及导致多器官功能障碍综合征的情况,检测生化指标并揭示其在病程转变中的作用。方法将2008年6月至2009年11月收治的96例患者分为单纯急性颅脑损伤组、SIRS组和MODS组,另选取同期正常健康体检者30例作为正常对照组,检测中性粒细胞、血小板、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)的。结果单纯急性颅脑损伤组、SIRS组及MODS组患者5种生化指标含量均明显高于正常对照组;SIRS组又明显高于单纯急性颅脑损伤组;MODS组明显高于SIRS组;MODS不同积分组5种生化指标含量均明显高于SIRS组;病情严重者(积分≥9分)5种生化指标含量明显高于病情较轻者(积分9分)。结论急性颅脑损伤可以诱发SIRS和MODS;动态监测患者5种生化指标的变化对是否导致SIRS及MODS的发生有很高的预警价值,为早期诊断和防治SIRS及MODS的发生及判断预后提供了理论依据和实验室指标。     

脑梗死诱发全身炎症反应综合征患者总胆红素、尿酸和超敏C反应蛋白水平变化

目的：探讨血清总胆红素（T-BIL）、尿酸（UA）、超敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）在急性脑梗死（ACI）诱发全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）中的作用。方法：应用全自动生化分析仪,分别在发病24h内和第14天测定60例ACI致SIRS患者（SIRS组）、64例急性单纯ACI患者（SACI组）及60名健康体检者（对照组）血清T-BIL、UA、hsCRP含量。结果：SIRS组患者在发病后14d内有7例死亡。发病24h内,SACI组和SIRS组血清UA、hsCRP均升高,治疗后降低（P〈0.05）,SIRS组升高更明显（P〈0.05）。血清T-BIL仅在SIRS组升高,治疗后恢复至正常（P〈0.05）。结论：ACI进展为SIRS后,患者T-BIL、UA、hsCRP明显升高,病情缓解后可以减低,可作为诊断和评估病情的一项指标。     

癫痫持续状态并发全身炎症反应综合征致多器官功能障碍综合征的临床研究

目的探讨癫痫持续状态(SE)并发全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)致多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的可能机制,揭示肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)在SE并发SIRS及向MODS转化机制中的作用及病理生理意义。方法观察78例SE患者并发SIRS及MODS的发生率;应用双抗体夹心(ELISA)法测定其血清TNF-αI、L-1β的动态变化,并与32名健康人进行对照比较。结果SE时并发SIRS的发生率为47.44%(37/78),其中56.76%(21/37)诱导发生MODS。单纯SE组、SE致SIRS组和SE致MODS组患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β水平均明显高于正常对照组(均P<0.01),并呈逐渐升高趋势,与病情的严重程度相关。结论SE并发SIRS是导致MODS的主要机制,TNF-αI、L-1β参与了SE并发SIRS及导致MODS发生、发展的病理生理过程,并具很高的预警价值。     

Remission of a paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome

A case history is reported of spontaneous improvement of a sub-acute paraneoplastic cerebellar syndrome, that is before treatment of the primary (lung) tumour.     

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome and Fazio-Londe syndrome: A novel mutation and in silico analyses

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, a rare neurological disorder is due to SLC52A3 mutations. Here, the SLC52A3 protein and its mutations are in silico structurally and functionally analyzed among all the reported patients and a novel mutation is also reported.After clinical evaluations, SLC52A3 gene was sequenced and segregation analysis of the mutations was also checked. A comprehensive search was performed on the reported mutations of SLC52A3 gene. In silico structural and functional analyses of the mutations and interactome analyses of the protein were done using available software tools.Mutations of 37 affected individuals were identified. Thirty three mutations were determined. c.502A > C was a novel variant that it was segregated within the family. One mutation (c.639C > G) was responsible for 12% of the mutations. Segregation analysis, secondary structure, functional prediction achieved for the novel mutation showed pathogenicity of this variant.BVVL is a very rare disorder; SLC52A3 mutations are distributed among different populations and there might be one frequent mutation in this gene. BVVL should be more considered in Iran. In addition to segregation analysis, computational analyses could accelerate understanding the extent of pathogenicity of the novel variants.     

Sleep-related respiratory and haemodynamic changes in Shy-Drager syndrome: a case report

Summary The sleep-related respiratory and blood pressure changes in a patient with Shy-Drager syndrome associated with the sleep apnoea syndrome are reported. Polygraphic recordings showed repeated apnoeic episodes during both sleep and wakefulness. Systemic arterial pressure values during sleep tended to be lower than in two other patients with Shy-Drager syndrome, and, unlike observations in the sleep apnoea syndrome, nocturnal swings of arterial pressure related to obstructive apnoea were markedly reduced. As a result, the total sleep time was reduced; a sleep with several features similar to REM stage was identified; during this stage the arterial pressure reached the lowest levels recorded. A review of the literature revealed that nocturnal respiratory disturbances were detectable in a high percentage of patients with Shy-Drager syndrome. We suggest that such an association is not a chance one.     

Arima syndrome caused by CEP290 specific variant and accompanied with pathological cilium; clinical comparison with Joubert syndrome and its related diseases

Objective

Arima syndrome (AS) is a rare disease and its clinical features mimic those of Joubert syndrome or Joubert syndrome-related diseases (JSRD). Recently, we clarified the AS diagnostic criteria and its severe phenotype. However, genetic evidence of AS remains unknown. We explored causative genes of AS and compared the clinical and genetic features of AS with the other JSRD.

头颅下垂综合征和轴性肌病

头颅下垂综合征指患者站立时颈脊部伸肌群无力抬头,因而头颅下垂,背部弯曲。平卧时可缓解。该综合征由原发性和继发性的病因造成。原发性的轴性肌病,病因不明,十分罕见。这种肌病发生于40￣60岁,主要累及颈脊旁肌群,出现头颅下垂。脊旁肌肌电图和组织活检证实为一种慢性肌病。本病是一种应引人注意的临床肌病症状群之一。     

Clinicogenetic Study of Turkish Patients With Syndromic Craniosynostosis and Literature Review

BackgroundFibroblast growth factor receptor 2 mutations have been associated with the craniosynostotic conditions of Apert, Crouzon, Pfeiffer, Saethre-Chotzen, Jackson-Weiss, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata, and Antley-Bixler syndromes in various ethnic groups.MethodsThirty-three unrelated Turkish patients (12 with Apert syndrome, 14 with Crouzon syndrome, six with Pfeiffer syndrome, and one with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome) and 67 nonsyndromic craniosynostosis patients were screened for mutations in exons IIIa and IIIc of the FGFR2 gene by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and confirmed by direct sequencing.ResultsWe detected several pathogenic mutations in 11/33 (33%) patients with Apert syndrome (four with p.Pro253Arg; seven with p.Ser252Trp) and 8/33 (24%) patients with Crouzon syndrome (three with p.Trp290Arg, one with p.Cys342Tyr, p.Cys278Phe, p.Gln289Pro, and a novel p.Tyr340Asn mutation) and five (15%) with Pfeiffer syndrome (p.Cys342Arg, p.Pro253Arg, p.Trp290Arg, and p.Ser351Cys). No FGFR2 gene mutation was detected in any of the patients with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the majority of Turkish patients with syndromic craniosynostosis have detectable genetic changes with an overall frequency of 72.7%. Because this is the first molecular genetic report from a Turkish cohort, the identified spectrum profile of FGFR2 mutations of the syndromic craniosynostotic patients would be very helpful for understanding the genotype–phenotype relationship and has a great value for diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic counseling.     

Consensus: Craniofacial synostoses

A critical analysis of functional and morphological aspects of Apert and Crouzen syndromes is presented, with reference to the papers presented in this session of the Consensus Conference on Craniosynostoses. Targets and limits of surgical correction are also discussed.Presented at the Consensus Conference on Craniosynostoses, Rome, 4–6 May 1995     

Neurocutaneous Melanosis in Association with Dandy-Walker Complex with Extensive Intracerebral and Spinal Cord Involvement

Neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) is a rare congenital syndrome consisting of benign or malignant melanotic tumors of the central nervous system with large or numerous cutaneous melanocytic nevi. The Dandy-Walker complex (DWC) is characterized by an enlarged posterior fossa with high insertion of the tentorium, hypoplasia or aplasia of the cerebellar vermis, and cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle. These each two conditions are rare, but NCM associated with DWC is even more rare. Most patients of NCM with DWC present neurological symptoms early in life such as intracranial hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, and malignant transformation of the melanocytes. We report a 14-year-old male patient who was finally diagnosed as NCM in association with DWC with extensive intracerebral and spinal cord involvement.     

Labio-glosso-pharyngo-laryngeal paralysis caused by two brain lesions: Cortical and subcortical

We report a case of labio-glosso-pharyngo-laryngeal paralysis with some peculia features. CT and MRI yielded the diagnosis of acute pseudobulbar syndrome by demonstrating the existence of two lensions of the corticobulbar tract: one subcortical (recent) and the other opercular cortical (old) on the opposite side.

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Sommario Viene descritto un caso di paralisi labio-glosso-faringo-laringea con evidenza di talune peculiarità ////////// matologiche. Le indagini TC e RMN consentirono la diagnosi di sindrome pseudobulbare acuta ////////// strando l'associazione di una duplice lesione della via cortico-bulbare, a livello sottocorticale (recente//// un lato, ed a livello corticale opercolare (pregressa) dal lato opposto.