Metastasizing Fibrosarcoma in a Wistar Rat – Case Report

A 19‐month‐old male control Wistar rat from a 30‐month inhalation study showed a subcutaneous greyish‐white mass extending from the throat to the thoracic cavity. The rat had been euthanized because of its poor general condition. Histologically, the mass was diagnosed as a fibrosarcoma infiltrating the masseter muscle with metastases in the lungs, liver and heart. The primary tumour was characterized by fusiform spindle cells producing various amounts of interlacing bundles of collagen. The cells formed a characteristic herringbone pattern and mitotic figures were frequent. The histological parameters of the metastases were practically identical to those seen in the primary tumour. The diagnosis was confirmed by trichrome staining and positive immunostaining for vimentin and was differentiated from leiomyosarcomas by its negative immunostaining for desmin, from schwannomas by its negative immunostaining for S‐100 and from malignant fibrous histiocytomas by the absence of giant cells. The incidence of fibrosarcomas in Wistar rats is very low (up to 3%) and metastasis is rarely observed.     

Seminal Vesicle Intraepithelial Neoplasia Versus Basal Cell Hyperplasia in a Seminal Vesicle

In the examination of >3000 radical prostatectomy specimens and their seminal vesicles (SVs), we came across a unique case of an intraepithelial abnormality in preexisting ducts and acini in the left SV of a 73-yr-old patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma. At low magnification, the epithelial lining was thicker than the surrounding normal ducts with obliteration of the acinar lumen. At high magnification, there were varying degrees of cell stratification. Prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific acid phosphatase, prostate-specific membrane antigen, prostein (P501S), alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) were negative; p63, 34betaE12, cytokeratin 5/6, and p53 were positive in cells in basal and suprabasal positions, whereas CA-125 was expressed in the luminal cells. The case shows morphologic and immunohistochemical features similar to those of basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate and is different from the early neoplastic epithelial changes of the SV in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate model (ie, SV intraepithelial neoplasia). To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports of such a change in a human SV. The clinical significance of this lesion is not known and is overshadowed by the presence of prostate cancer.     

Evidence for Androgen-Dependent Phosphodiesterase Activity in Rat Seminal Vesicle and Epididymis

This paper deals with findings implying the existence of an androgen-dependent phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in accessory sexual glands (seminal vesicle and epididymis) of the rat. It is suggested that the PDE activity is not a prerequisite for, but merely a modulator of the overall androgenic response.     

Seminal Vesicle Aspiration of Fertile Men

Purpose

Whether sperm normally reside in the seminal vesicles of fertile men without ejaculatory duct obstruction, and the effect of duration of sexual abstinence on results of seminal vesicle aspiration were determined.

Materials and Methods

Bilateral seminal vesicle aspiration was performed on 12 fertile volunteers under transrectal ultrasound guidance with randomization according to 0 and 5 days of abstinence. Seminal vesicle were examined microscopically for number and motility of sperm. A positive aspirate was defined as greater than 3 sperm per high power microscopic field.

Results

Duration of abstinence had a significant effect on outcome of seminal vesicle aspiration in fertile volunteers. No volunteer with 0 days of abstinence had a positive aspirate from either seminal vesicle, whereas a third of those with 5 days of abstinence had at least 1 positive seminal vesicle aspirate.

Conclusions

Significant numbers of sperm are not normally found in the seminal vesicles of fertile men immediately after ejaculation. Diagnostic seminal vesicle aspiration should be performed after 0 days of abstinence. Longer periods of sexual abstinence may be used in patients undergoing seminal vesicle harvesting of sperm for assisted reproduction.     

Contractile Behaviour of Rat Seminal Vesicle after Gonadectomy, Testosterone Replacement and Cyproterone Treatment

The effects of bilateral gonadectomy, testosterone replacement and cyproterone acetate treatment on seminal vesicle contractions were studied in rats in order to contribute new data on the role of androgens in the spontaneous motility of the seminal vesicle. In gonadectomized-testosterone treated rats the glands exhibited a spontaneous rhythmic activity similar to that of entire animals. The seminal vesicles of gonadectomized as well as of cyproterone treated rats also contracted spontaneously but the contractions showed a smaller amplitude. Such decrease could be related with the well-known atrophy and reduction in the number of smooth muscle cells occurring in seminal vesicles after castration. The results reported in this paper suggest that androgens are not required for the normal spontaneous activity of seminal vesicles.     

精囊扩张的病因及处理

目的:了解精囊扩张的病因及处理方法。方法:选择46例精囊扩张患者,其中精囊炎36例,用精囊内留置导管持续滴注抗生素治疗1周;精囊囊肿3例,直接用精囊内留管吸净囊液并抗炎治疗;射精管开口处结石1例,经尿道精阜电切,取出米粒大小结石1枚;精阜开口处息肉1例,经尿道息肉电切;后尿道炎症2例,抗炎无效后给予后尿道绿激光汽化;PCa3例,根治性前列腺和精囊切除术。结果:精囊炎随访6个月~2年,32例血精消失,4例在治疗后3个月血精症状复发;精囊囊肿、射精管开口处结石、息肉及后尿道炎症随访6个月未复发;PCa术后6个月未复发。结论:精囊扩张的病因复杂,经相应处理后可取得满意的效果。     

Seminal Vesicle Cystadenoma: A Rare Clinical Perspective

A 52-yr-old man presented with severe obstructive urinary symptoms. Ten years earlier, a digital rectal examination disclosed a small mass above the prostate, and a computed tomography (CT) scan showed a 3.5-cm cystic tumor of the right seminal vesicle. He had been followed conservatively elsewhere. Reevaluation of the mass with a CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the mass had grown to a maximal diameter of 14 cm. A transabdominal needle biopsy revealed benign fibromuscular tissue. The tumor was then resected by an open transvesical approach. Pathology was consistent with a benign seminal vesicle cystadenoma. The natural history, pathology, and surgical approach are described.     

精囊囊腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨精囊囊腺瘤的临床表现、病理特点和诊治方法。方法:对1例精囊囊腺瘤进行临床分析并结合文献复习,从临床表现、病理特点、诊治方法及疗效方面总结。结果:患者行连同肿瘤的精囊切除,病理报告符合精囊囊腺瘤,术后3个月超声、CT检查,未见肿瘤复发。结论:精囊囊腺瘤临床少见,易漏诊。常规直肠指检很必要,超声、CT有利于明确诊断。一般连同肿瘤的精囊切除即可,预后良好。     

Prediction of Capsular Perforation and Seminal Vesicle Invasion in Prostate Cancer

Purpose

Capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion are unfavorable, prognostic factors in prostate cancer. Accurate preoperative prediction of these factors would be clinically useful for planning treatment, especially in patients being considered for radiation therapy, nerve sparing radical prostatectomy and watchful waiting. However, current methods are imprecise at predicting the presence and extent of these factors. We determined which combination of commonly available preoperative variables provides the best prediction of capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer.

Materials and Methods

We reviewed the preoperative medical records and biopsy findings from 314 patients with clinical stages T1cN0M0 to T2cN0M0 cancer who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy between September 1991 and June 1993. Radical prostatectomy specimens were embedded and evaluated by whole mount sections.

Results

Capsular perforation was observed in 104 patients (33.1 percent) and seminal vesicle invasion was noted in 46 (14.6 percent). Preoperative variables predictive of capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion on univariate analysis were serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration, clinical stage, Gleason primary and secondary patterns, Gleason score, nuclear grade, perineural invasion and percent cancer in the biopsy specimens. On multivariate analysis independent prognostic factors for capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion were PSA, Gleason score and percent cancer in the biopsy specimens.

Conclusions

The combination of serum PSA concentration, Gleason score and percent cancer in the biopsy specimens provides the best prediction of capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion. Models based on this combination of factors may be clinically useful to stratify patients for nonoperative treatment.     

Metabolism of ATP During Anoxia in Guinea Pig Seminal Vesicle Mucosa

Der Stoffwechsel von ATP während einer Anoxie in der Mukosa der Meerschweinchen-Samenblase
In den Samenblasen von Meerschweinchen wurde der Gehalt an Adenin-Nukleotiden enzymatisch bestimmt. Aus anderem Gewebe-Nukleotiden wurde Inosin-Mono-phosphat mittels der zweidimensionalen Dunnschicht-Chromatographie auf PEI-Platten isoliert, eluiert und spektrophotometrisch quantifiziert. Die intrazelluläre Konzentration von IMP überstieg 10 mal die Kontrollwerte (aerobes Gewebe) gleichzeitig mit einer starken ATP-Erschöpfung als Folge der Anoxie. Dieser Befund kontrastiert deutlich mit anderen Geweben, bei denen eine ATP-Erschöpfung im allgemeinen mit einem Anstieg von AMP einhergeht. Anorganischer Gewebsphosphor akkumulierte in einem Umfange, der der offenbaren ATP-Erschöpfung entsprach. Harnsäure akkumulierte nicht. Die vorgelegten Ergebnisse deuten nach Ansicht der Autoren an, daß die Möglichkeit einer speziellen Rolle für IMP in der Stoffwechselkontrolle dieses Gewe-bes besteht.     

Seminal Vesicle Urinary Reflux as a Complication of Transurethral Resection of Ejaculatory Ducts

Transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts has become an effective surgical treatment for male infertility caused by ejaculatory duct obstruction. We report on a patient treated successfully by transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts for a large midline cyst who postoperatively complained of terminal urinary dribbling lasting several minutes. On video urodynamic study reflux into and delayed drainage from the right seminal vesicle were found.     

Congenital Seminal Vesicle Cyst Accompanying Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis and Rudimentary Ureter

Congenital seminal vesicle cysts are usually diagnosed as incidental sonographic findings in patients with voiding complaints. Rarely they could also be detected in asymptomatic cases. In our study, a seminal vesicle cyst associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis and ureteral bud remnant in an asymptomatic patient is presented.